ALUMINIUM OXIDE

Aluminum oxide = Alumina

CAS Number: 1344-28-1 
EC Number:     215-691-6
Chemical formula: Al2O3
Molar mass: 101.960 g·mol−1

Aluminium oxide is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. 
Aluminium oxide is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium(III) oxide.
Aluminium oxide is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, or alundum depending on particular forms or applications. 
Aluminium oxide occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al2O3 as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire. 
Al2O3 is significant in its use to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.

Aluminum oxide is a common, naturally occurring compound that’s employed in various industries, most particularly in the production of aluminum. 
Aluminium oxide is used in production of industrial ceramics. 
Aluminium oxides most common crystalline form, corundum, has several gem-quality variants, as well.

Alumina, also known as aluminum oxide, is a naturally occurring mineral found in bauxite. 
Aluminium oxide is a material that has been used for over 40 years for the development of prostheses (including those of the hip). 
Aluminium oxide is also used in dental implants. 
Aluminium oxide is used in whitening type toothpastes as an abrasive agent and thus promotes the removal of dental plaque by friction (with the toothbrush). 

Aluminium oxide is also used for its absorbing properties and its waterproof nature. 
Aluminium oxide also functions as an anti-caking and absorbing agent. 
Aluminium oxide is found in many make-up products such as blush, powder foundation, lipstick and facial cleanser. 
Aluminium oxide is authorized in organic.

Chemical Properties of Aluminium oxide:
There are many different forms of aluminum oxide, including both crystalline and non-crystalline forms. 
The chemical formula for Aluminum Oxide is Al₂O₃. 
Aluminium oxide’s an electrical insulator, which means it doesn’t conduct electricity, and it also has relatively high thermal conductivity.
In addition, in Aluminium oxides crystalline form, corundum, its hardness makes it suitable as an abrasive. 
The high melting point of aluminum oxide makes it a good refractory material for lining high-temperature appliances like kilns, furnaces, incinerators, reactors of various sorts, and crucibles.

Aluminum oxide is a compound made up of aluminum and oxygen. 
Aluminium oxide is considered a ceramic despite its metallic name. 
Aluminium oxides industrial uses include certain types of lighting, such as sodium-vapor lamps, and the developing nanotechnology industry draws upon aluminum oxide as a conductor of electricity in microscopic circuits. 
Aluminum oxide can be formed into filaments finer than a human hair which make them useful for DNA filtration work as well.

General Properties of Aluminium oxide:
Aluminum oxide is a white powdery substance that has no odor. 
Aluminium oxide is non-toxic, but airborne aluminum oxide dust can create industrial hazards, so wearing masks is recommended for prolonged exposure. 
Aluminum oxide is very heavy; a cube of aluminum oxide, 1 meter on a side, weighs about 7,200 lbs.

Industrial Properties of Aluminium oxide:
The aluminum oxide compound can be machined or molded into hard, wear-resistant materials suitable for usage in a variety of industrial roles. 
These include wire guides, machinery seals, metering devices and high temperature electrical insulators.

Chemical Properties of Aluminium oxide:
Aluminum oxide does not dissolve in water and has a very high melting point of 2,000 C or about 3,600 F. 
Aluminium oxides boiling point is an extremely high 5,400 F. 
The chemical formula combines two aluminum atoms to three oxygen atoms, which is expressed as Al2O3. 

Aluminium oxide is an electrical resistor, unlike its cousin aluminum. 
The resistance level changes with the purity of the material. 
Aluminum oxide does not react readily with most materials, but it is higly reactive to chlorine trifluoride and ethylene oxide. 
Mixing aluminum oxide with either of these chemicals causes a fire.

Mechanical Properties of Aluminium oxide:
Aluminum oxide is a very hard material, almost to the level of diamonds, so it has excellent wear resistance properties. 
Aluminium oxide has high corrosion endurance and high temperature stability, low thermal expansion and a favorable stiffness-to-weight ratio. 
Since aluminum oxide has an excellent electrical resistor, Aluminium oxide is often used in capacitors as the dielectric, the part keeping charges in the device separated.

Properties of Aluminium Oxide:
-Good mechanical strength under compressive loading
-Electrical insulation
-Hardness and excellent wear resistance
-Corrosion resistance to acid, gas, chemical etc.
-Excellent dielectric for direct Amp and microwaves application
-Law dielectric constant

Aluminium oxide is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. 

KEYWORDS:
1344-28-1, 215-691-6, Alumina, gamma-Alumina, dialuminum;oxygen(2-), UNII-LMI26O6933, BETA-ALUMINIUM OXIDE, GAMMA-ALUMINIUM OXIDE, LMI26O6933, Fasertonerde

Aluminium oxides functions (INCI):
Abrasive : Removes materials from the surface of the body, helps clean teeth and improves shine.
Absorbent : Absorbs water (or oil) in dissolved or fine form
Anticaking : Helps ensure the fluidity of solid particles and limit their agglomeration in powder cosmetic products or hard mass cosmetics.
Bulking : Reduces apparent cosmetics density.
Opacifying : Reduces transparency or translucency of cosmetics
Viscosity controlling : Increases or decreases the viscosity of cosmetics

Applications of Aluminium Oxide:
-Excellent electric insulator products
-Sand and shot blasting nozzles
-Mig. & Tig. welding shield and nozzles for laser cutting guns
-Various type of tubes with single hole to multy core/ hole cavities
-Seals for tap water
-Textile wear parts and thread guides
-Piston and sleeves for water pumps and chemical pumps
-Corrosion resistance components

Natural occurrence of Aluminium oxide:
Corundum is the most common naturally occurring crystalline form of aluminium oxide.
Rubies and sapphires are gem-quality forms of corundum, which owe their characteristic colours to trace impurities. 
Rubies are given their characteristic deep red colour and their laser qualities by traces of chromium. 
Sapphires come in different colours given by various other impurities, such as iron and titanium. 
An extremely rare, δ form, occurs as the mineral deltalumite.

Aluminum oxide is one of most used raw material in the world. 
Aluminium oxide can be provided with different grain sizes and purity. 
Aluminium oxide is mostly used in ceramic, frit, glass, refractory and abrasive sectors.
Aluminium oxide improves the chemical stability, refractoriness, thermal shock resistance, wear resistance at the places where it is used. 
Resistance to oxidative and reductive atmospheres is high.

Properties of Aluminium oxide:
Al2O3 is an electrical insulator but has a relatively high thermal conductivity (30 Wm−1K−1) for a ceramic material. 
Aluminium oxide is insoluble in water. 
In Aluminium oxides most commonly occurring crystalline form, called corundum or α-aluminium oxide, its hardness makes it suitable for use as an abrasive and as a component in cutting tools.

Aluminium oxide is responsible for the resistance of metallic aluminium to weathering. 
Metallic aluminium is very reactive with atmospheric oxygen, and a thin passivation layer of aluminium oxide (4 nm thickness) forms on any exposed aluminium surface in a matter of hundreds of picoseconds.
This layer protects the metal from further oxidation. 
The thickness and properties of this oxide layer can be enhanced using a process called anodising. 
A number of alloys, such as aluminium bronzes, exploit this property by including a proportion of aluminium in the alloy to enhance corrosion resistance. 
The aluminium oxide generated by anodising is typically amorphous, but discharge assisted oxidation processes such as plasma electrolytic oxidation result in a significant proportion of crystalline aluminium oxide in the coating, enhancing its hardness.

Amphoteric nature:
Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric substance, meaning it can react with both acids and bases, such as hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide, acting as an acid with a base and a base with an acid, neutralising the other and producing a salt.
Al2O3 + 6 HF → 2 AlF3 + 3 H2O
Al2O3 + 2 NaOH + 3 H2O → 2 NaAl(OH)4 (sodium aluminate)

What is Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3)?
Al2O3 is an inorganic chemical reagent with chemical name Aluminum oxide. 
Aluminium oxide is also called as Alpha-Alumina, alumina, alundum or aloxide.

Applications of Aluminium oxide:
Aluminium oxide finds applications in catalyst support, chemical sensors, as absorbent for gases and water vapors, manufacturing of abrasives, refractories, ceramics, electrical insulators and resistors, paper, crucibles, as chromatographic matrix, in fluxes, light bulbs, heat-resistant fiber. 
Heavy quantity of Aluminum oxide is used in the production of aluminum and a component of clays.

Structure of Aluminium oxide:
The most common form of crystalline aluminium oxide is known as corundum, which is the thermodynamically stable form.
The oxygen ions form a nearly hexagonal close-packed structure with the aluminium ions filling two-thirds of the octahedral interstices. 
Each Al3+ center is octahedral. 
In terms of its crystallography, corundum adopts a trigonal Bravais lattice with a space group of R3c (number 167 in the International Tables). 
The primitive cell contains two formula units of aluminium oxide.

Aluminium oxide also exists in other metastable phases, including the cubic γ and η phases, the monoclinic θ phase, the hexagonal χ phase, the orthorhombic κ phase and the δ phase that can be tetragonal or orthorhombic.
Each has a unique crystal structure and properties. 
Cubic γ-Al2O3 has important technical applications. 
The so-called β-Al2O3 proved to be NaAl11O17.

Molten aluminium oxide near the melting temperature is roughly 2/3 tetrahedral (i.e. 2/3 of the Al are surrounded by 4 oxygen neighbors), and 1/3 5-coordinated, with very little (<5%) octahedral Al-O present.
Around 80% of the oxygen atoms are shared among three or more Al-O polyhedra, and the majority of inter-polyhedral connections are corner-sharing, with the remaining 10–20% being edge-sharing.
The breakdown of octahedra upon melting is accompanied by a relatively large volume increase (~33%), the density of the liquid close to its melting point is 2.93 g/cm3.
The structure of molten alumina is temperature dependent and the fraction of 5- and 6-fold aluminium increases during cooling (and supercooling), at the expense of tetrahedral AlO4 units, approaching the local structural arrangements found in amorphous alumina.

Production of Aluminium oxide:
Aluminium hydroxide minerals are the main component of bauxite, the principal ore of aluminium. 
A mixture of the minerals comprise bauxite ore, including gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), along with impurities of iron oxides and hydroxides, quartz and clay minerals.
Bauxites are found in laterites. 

Bauxite is purified by the Bayer process:
Al2O3 + H2O + NaOH → NaAl(OH)4
Al(OH)3 + NaOH → NaAl(OH)4

Except for SiO2, the other components of bauxite do not dissolve in base. 
Upon filtering the basic mixture, Fe2O3 is removed. When the Bayer liquor is cooled, Al(OH)3 precipitates, leaving the silicates in solution.
NaAl(OH)4 → NaOH + Al(OH)3

The solid Al(OH)3 Gibbsite is then calcined (heated to over 1100 °C) to give aluminium oxide:
2 Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + 3 H2O

The product aluminium oxide tends to be multi-phase, i.e., consisting of several phases of aluminium oxide rather than solely corundum.
The production process can therefore be optimized to produce a tailored product. 
The type of phases present affects, for example, the solubility and pore structure of the aluminium oxide product which, in turn, affects the cost of aluminium production and pollution control.

ALUMINUM OXIDE PROPERTIES:
Due to Aluminium oxides aggressive nature Aluminum Oxide is a common blasting media used on metal, glass, wood and other materials. 
Aluminium oxides versatility and strength make it a favorite among professionals throughout the industry.

Aluminum oxide is ground down to different grains, like sandpaper. 
You can use it for several different applications, and it can even be recycled. 
You can keep using Aluminium oxide until it begins to break down. 
The rate of how quickly the aluminum oxide degrades depends on the type of material you’re blasting, and the pressure at which you are blasting.

Aluminium oxide also has great strength and durability. 
You can use Aluminium oxide on a variety of different metals, including titanium and stainless steel, as well as other items. 
Aluminum oxide has a great shelf life, too, so if you buy it in bulk and don’t use it all right away, it will be ready when you need it.

In addition to these other benefits, aluminum oxide comes at a lower cost than other products like it. 
Aluminium oxide will fit into any industrial budget so you can finish the projects you need to do.

WHEN TO USE ALUMINUM OXIDE:
You can use aluminum oxide for a variety of different applications.
 
This media is ideal for the following purposes:
-Abrasive Blasting – surface preparation & paint stripping
-Etching to ensure a coatings’ adhesion & performance
-Lapping
-Non-Skid
-Refractory Coating
-Decorative

Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) General Information
Aluminum oxide, or more commonly called alumina, is a chemical compound with a chemical formula of Al2O3. 
Aluminium oxide is generally white or clear in appearance with a melting point of 2,072°C, a vapor pressure of 10-4 Torr at 1,550°C, and a density of 3.97 g/cc. 
Aluminium oxide is most commonly found in nature as the mineral corundum, from which ruby and sapphire are derived. 

Aluminum oxide is used extensively as an abrasive and is utilized in various industrial applications. 
Aluminium oxide can also be found in paint, cosmetics, and surgical implants. 
Aluminium oxide is evaporated under vacuum to form dielectric films for the semiconductor industry and as a mirror-like protective layer for optical coatings.

Whether you are planning a wet or dry blasting process, you can use aluminum oxide.
Aluminum oxide is the ideal choice to successfully impart an anchor pattern and deep etch for excellent adhesion of coatings and paint.
Aluminium oxide is also an excellent choice for stripping and removing: rust, mill scale, failing paint, and contaminants from the surface of a substrate.

THE BENEFITS OF ALUMINUM OXIDE:
Fused Brown Aluminum Oxide has several unique properties that make it a great choice over other materials.
Aluminum Oxide is a low-iron content abrasive which will not leave any rust on the surface of your part. 
Rust deposits can often cause problems in subsequent future processes.

Aluminum Oxide is also a cost effective blasting abrasive due to the fact that it can be recycled and reclaimed for multiple passes in a blasting process.
Aluminum Oxide is a harder abrasive than most, resulting in less shatter of the particles which results in lower dust levels.
If you a large user, generating significant amounts of spent abrasive, it can also be recycled back to the manufacturer for re-purposing thereby reducing disposal costs.

Chemical Properties of Aluminium Oxide
1. Reaction with sodium hydroxide
Aluminum oxide reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium aluminate and water. 
This reaction takes place at a temperature of 900-1100°C. 
Salt and water is obtained in this reaction in which aluminium oxide acts as an acid.
Al2O3 + 2NaOH → 2NaAlO2 + H2O

2. Reaction with sulphuric acid
Metal oxides are generally basic in nature but aluminium oxide is amphoteric oxide.
Hence it acts both as acid and base. 
In this case it acts as a base
Al2O3 + H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + H2O
This is a neutralisation reaction. 

3. Reaction with hydrochloric acid
Aluminum oxide contains oxide ions, and thus reacts with acids in the same way sodium or magnesium oxides do. 
Aluminum oxide reacts with hot dilute hydrochloric acid to give aluminum chloride solution.
Al2O3+6HCl → 2AlCl3+3H2O

Aluminium oxide (Al2O3 ) Uses
Aluminium oxide is one of the common ingredients in sunscreen and also present in cosmetics such as nail polish, blush, and lipstick.
Aluminium oxide is used in formulations of glass.
Aluminium oxide is used as a catalyst.

Aluminium oxide is used in the purification of water to remove water from the gas streams.
Aluminium oxide is used in sandpaper as an abrasive.
Aluminium oxide is an electrical insulator used as a substrate for integrated circuits.
Used in sodium vapour lamps.

Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is aluminium oxide used for?
Aluminium oxide is a very good ceramic oxide which has many important applications in the manufacture of adsorbents and catalysts. 
Aluminium oxide is also used in the aerospace industry and in the production of many commercially important chemicals.

How can aluminium oxide be produced?
Aluminium oxide can be obtained from the calcination of Gibbsite, which is denoted by the chemical formula Al(OH)3. 
The chemical equation for this reaction is given by:
2Al(OH)3 → 3H2O + Al2O3

Is aluminium(III) oxide acidic or basic?
Aluminium(III) oxide is an amphoteric metal oxide, i.e. this compound exhibits both acidic and basic qualities. 
The nature of the other reactant in the chemical reaction decides the acidic or basic nature of Al2O3

What liquids react aluminum?
Aluminium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form aluminium chloride and hydrogen gas. 
Chlorine and liquid bromine react with aluminum at room temperature.

Why can’t aluminium react with water?
Aluminum metal rapidly develops a thin layer of aluminum oxide of a few millimeters that prevents the metal from reacting with water. 
When this layer is corroded a reaction develops, releasing highly flammable hydrogen gas.

CAS Number: 1344-28-1 
ChEMBL: ChEMBL3707210
ChemSpider: 8164808
DrugBank: DB11342
ECHA InfoCard: 100.014.265 
EC Number:     215-691-6
PubChem CID: 9989226
RTECS number: BD120000
UNII: LMI26O6933 
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1052791

Alumina, commonly known as aluminium oxide (Al2O3), is an inert, odourless, white amorphous material often used in industrial ceramics. 
Due to Aluminium oxides outstanding properties, alumina has contributed to a significant number of life-extending and society-enhancing applications. 
Aluminium oxide is widely used in the medical field and modern warfare.
Aluminium oxide is a thermally unstable and insoluble compound that occurs naturally in various minerals such as corundum, a crystalline variant of the oxide, and bauxite, which is considered as its principal aluminium ore.

Chemical formula: Al2O3
Molar mass: 101.960 g·mol−1
Appearance    : white solid
Odor: odorless
Density: 3.987g/cm3
Melting point: 2,072 °C (3,762 °F; 2,345 K) 
Boiling point: 2,977 °C (5,391 °F; 3,250 K) 
Solubility in water: insoluble
Solubility: insoluble in all solvents
log P: 0.31860 
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −37.0×10−6 cm3/mol
Thermal conductivity: 30 W·m−1·K−1 
Refractive index (nD): 
nω=1.768–1.772
nε=1.760–1.763
Birefringence: 0.008

Thermal Evaporation of Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)
Thermally evaporating aluminum oxide is very difficult due to the high temperature required to heat the material to temperatures hot enough to allow for reasonable deposition rates. 
The temperature limitations on the evaporation sources currently available also make thermal evaporation challenging. 
E-beam evaporation or sputtering are the preferred methods for depositing aluminum oxide films.

If thermal evaporation is the only option, we would recommend a tungsten dimple boat such as our EVS8B005W. 
The lifetime of the boat will be limited, as the aluminum oxide will eventually start to react with the boat during the evaporation process. 
Achieving high enough temperatures to evaporate from a crucible or alumina-coated source are likely in excess of those temperatures deemed reasonable in a vacuum chamber or limited by the power supply.

We estimate a deposition rate of 2-5 angstroms per second when the evaporation temperature is at ~2,100°C.
A partial pressure of O2 at 1 X 10-5 Torr is recommended. 
Aluminium oxide is important to note that evaporation temperatures likely exceed the temperatures reasonable to evaporate via resistive heating.

Alumina or aluminum oxide is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. 
Is the most well-known oxide ceramic material.
Aluminum oxide is an electrical insulator and has a relatively high thermal conductivity (30 Wm−1K−1). 
Due to its relatively high hardness, it is used as an abrasive and a component in cutting tools.
This ceramic is widely used in the Medical industry, Military and protective equipment, Electrical and electronics industry, Gem industry, Industrial applications, etc.

Use in Production of Aluminum:
The most common use of aluminum oxide is in the production of metal aluminum. 
Metallic aluminum is reactive with oxygen, which could cause corrosion to build up. 
However, when aluminum bonds with oxygen to form aluminum oxide, it creates a thin coating that protects it from oxidation. 
This keeps the aluminum from corroding and losing strength. 
The thickness and other properties of the oxide layer can be changed by using the anodizing process. 
Aluminum oxide is also a product of the aluminum smelting process.

The most common crystalline form of aluminum oxide is corundum. 
Both rubies and sapphires are gem-quality forms of corundum. 
They owe their distinctive coloring to trace impurities. 
Rubies get their deep red color and laser qualities from traces of chromium. 
Sapphires come in a variety of colors, which come from other impurities like iron and titanium. 
The hardness of different kinds of corundum makes them suitable for use as abrasives and as components in cutting tools.

Uses in Ceramics:
Aluminum oxide, also called alumina, is used in engineering ceramics. 
Aluminium oxide’s hard and wear-resistant, resists attacks by both acid and alkali substances, has high strength and stiffness, and has good thermal conductivity, which makes it valuable in manufacturing a variety of different ceramic products. 
These include things like high-temperature electrical and voltage insulators, instrumentation parts for thermal test machines, seal rings, gas laser tubes, and other laboratory equipment. 
Aluminum oxide is also used in the production of ballistic armor.

Other Uses:
Because aluminum oxide is fairly inert chemically, white, and relatively non-toxic, it serves as filler in plastics. 
Aluminium oxide’s also a common ingredient in sunscreen. 
Because of its hardness and strength, it’s used as an abrasive, including in sandpaper and as a less expensive substitute for industrial diamonds. 
Some CD and DVD polishing kits contain aluminum oxide. 
The same qualities make it a good ingredient in toothpaste. 
Dentists use aluminum oxide as a polishing agent to remove dental stains.

What is Aluminium oxide?
Aluminum oxide, also known as alumina, is a white, crystalline powder, with a chemical formula of Al2O3. 
Aluminum oxide occurs in nature as various minerals such as bauxite or corundum. 
Aluminum oxide has many uses in pharmaceutical and industrial manufacturing processes. 
Aluminium oxide is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements. 
Aluminium oxide is also available in consumer products; for example as an abrasive in toothpaste, as a dispersing agent food additive, and for uses in hemodialysis.

Aluminum oxide is not classified as a human carcinogen, but workers chronically exposed to aluminum-containing dust or particles have developed severe pulmonary reactions including fibrosis, emphysema and pneumothorax. 
Inhalation effects of short-term exposure may cause eye and upper respiratory tract irritation. 
Long-term inhalational effects of long-term exposure may affect the central nervous system.

Aluminum oxide has a variety of different purposes. 
The most important one is in the manufacturing of metallic aluminum, but this is certainly not the only one. 
Though you might not know it, both rubies and sapphires are composed of aluminum oxide, making it a very valuable element!

Formula for Aluminum Oxide: Al2O3
Properties for Aluminum Oxide
Molar mass: 101.96 g·mol−1
Melting point: 2,072 °C (3,762 °F; 2,345 K)
Boiling point: 2,977 °C (5,391 °F; 3,250 K)
Density: 3.95–4.1 g/cm3

Key Properties
-Hard, wear-resistant
-Excellent dielectric properties from DC to GHz frequencies
-Resists strong acid and alkali attack at elevated temperatures
-Good thermal conductivity
-Excellent size and shape capability
-High strength and stiffness
-Available in purity ranges from 94%, an easily metallizable composition, to 99.8% for the most demanding high temperature applications.
.
Typical Uses
-Gas laser tubes
-Wear pads
-Seal rings
-High temperature electrical insulators
-High voltage insulators
-Furnace liner tubes
-Thread and wire guides
-Electronic substrates
-Ballistic armor
-Abrasion resistant tube and elbow liners
-Thermometry sensors
-Laboratory instrument tubes and sample holders
-Instrumentation parts for thermal property test machines
-Grinding media

General Information
Aluminum oxide, commonly referred to as alumina, possesses strong ionic interatomic bonding giving rise to it’s desirable material characteristics. 
Aluminium oxide can exist in several crystalline phases which all revert to the most stable hexagonal alpha phase at elevated temperatures. 
This is the phase of particular interest for structural applications and the material available from Accuratus.

Alpha phase alumina is the strongest and stiffest of the oxide ceramics. 
Aluminium oxides high hardness, excellent dielectric properties, refractoriness and good thermal properties make it the material of choice for a wide range of applications.

High purity alumina is usable in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres to 1925°C. 
Weight loss in vacuum ranges from 10–7 to 10–6 g/cm2.sec over a temperature range of 1700° to 2000°C. 
Aluminium oxide resists attack by all gases except wet fluorine and is resistant to all common reagents except hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid. 
Elevated temperature attack occurs in the presence of alkali metal vapors particularly at lower purity levels.

The composition of the ceramic body can be changed to enhance particular desirable material characteristics. 
An example would be additions of chrome oxide or manganese oxide to improve hardness and change color. 
Other additions can be made to improve the ease and consistency of metal films fired to the ceramic for subsequent brazed and soldered assembly.

Aluminum oxide (uh-LOO-min-um OK-side) is white crystalline powder that occurs in nature in a variety of minerals, including boehmite, bayerite, corundum, diaspore, and gibbsite. 
Corundum is second hardest naturally occurring mineral. 
Only diamond is harder. 
Aluminum oxide occurs in a variety of chemical forms in a variety of gemstones, including chrysoberyl, ruby, sapphire, and spinel. 
The color of these gemstones is a result of impurities, such as chromium (in the case of ruby) and iron and titanium (in the case of sapphire). 
The colors may also vary depending on the kind and amount of each impurity.

Applications of Aluminium oxide:
Known as alpha alumina in materials science communities or alundum (in fused form) or aloxite in the mining and ceramic communities aluminium oxide finds wide use. 
Annual world production of aluminium oxide in 2015 was approximately 115 million tonnes, over 90% of which is used in the manufacture of aluminium metal.
The major uses of speciality aluminium oxides are in refractories, ceramics, polishing and abrasive applications. 
Large tonnages of aluminium hydroxide, from which alumina is derived, are used in the manufacture of zeolites, coating titania pigments, and as a fire retardant/smoke suppressant.

Over 90% of the aluminium oxide, normally termed Smelter Grade Alumina (SGA), produced is consumed for the production of aluminium, usually by the Hall–Héroult process. 
The remainder, normally called speciality alumina is used in a wide variety of applications which reflect its inertness, temperature resistance and electrical resistance.

Fillers:
Being fairly chemically inert and white, aluminium oxide is a favored filler for plastics. 
Aluminium oxide is a common ingredient in sunscreen and is sometimes also present in cosmetics such as blush, lipstick, and nail polish.

Glass:
Many formulations of glass have aluminium oxide as an ingredient.
Aluminosilicate glass is a commonly used type of glass that often contains 5% to 10% alumina.

Catalysis:
Aluminium oxide catalyses a variety of reactions that are useful industrially. 
In Aluminium oxides largest scale application, aluminium oxide is the catalyst in the Claus process for converting hydrogen sulfide waste gases into elemental sulfur in refineries. 
Aluminium oxide is also useful for dehydration of alcohols to alkenes.
Aluminium oxide serves as a catalyst support for many industrial catalysts, such as those used in hydrodesulfurization and some Ziegler–Natta polymerizations.

Gas purification
Aluminium oxide is widely used to remove water from gas streams.

What can aluminium oxide be used for?
What can aluminium oxide be used for Aluminium oxide, or alumina, is one of the most widespread technical ceramics materials used for production of various components across many industries. 

Alumina injection molding is the manufacturing process that provides specialized custom components for use in different industries, but their main applications are in:
Medical industry: The chemical properties of aluminium oxide, as well as its hardness and bio-inertness make it a suitable material for various medical applications, including bionic implants, tissue reinforcement, prostheses, hip replacement bearings, etc.
Protective equipment: The lightweight qualities and the strength of aluminium oxide make it a great choice for enhancing body and vehicle armors, as well as creating synthetic-sapphire bulletproof ballistics and windows.
Electrical industry: The high boiling and melting points of aluminium oxide make this compound a great choice for manufacturing of high-temperature furnace insulation, as well as electrical insulators. 

Alumina is also widely used in the microchip industry.
Gem industry: Aluminium oxide is used in the process of formation of sapphires and rubies. 
In Aluminium oxides crystalline form, or corundum, alumina is the base element for the creation of these two precious gems.
Industrial application: Because aluminium oxide is chemically inert, it is the perfect filler for bricks, plastics, and heavy clayware. 
Aluminium oxide is also often used as the abrasive component of sandpaper, and an economical replacement for industrial diamonds.

Abrasive:
Aluminium oxide is used for its hardness and strength. 
Aluminium oxides naturally occurring form, corundum, is a 9 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness (just below diamond). 
Aluminium oxide is widely used as an abrasive, including as a much less expensive substitute for industrial diamond. 
Many types of sandpaper use aluminium oxide crystals.
In addition, Aluminium oxides low heat retention and low specific heat make it widely used in grinding operations, particularly cutoff tools. 
As the powdery abrasive mineral aloxite, it is a major component, along with silica, of the cue tip "chalk" used in billiards. 
Aluminium oxide powder is used in some CD/DVD polishing and scratch-repair kits. 
Aluminium oxides polishing qualities are also behind its use in toothpaste. 
Aluminium oxide is also used in microdermabrasion, both in the machine process available through dermatologists and estheticians, and as a manual dermal abrasive used according to manufacturer directions.

Paint:
Main article: Alumina effect pigment
Aluminium oxide flakes are used in paint for reflective decorative effects, such as in the automotive or cosmetic industries.

Composite fiber:
Aluminium oxide has been used in a few experimental and commercial fiber materials for high-performance applications.
Alumina nanofibers in particular have become a research field of interest.

Body armor:
Some body armors utilize alumina ceramic plates, usually in combination with aramid or UHMWPE backing to achieve effectiveness against most rifle threats. 
Alumina ceramic armor is readily available to most civilians in jurisdictions where it is legal, but is not considered military grade.

Abrasion protection:
Aluminium oxide can be grown as a coating on aluminium by anodizing or by plasma electrolytic oxidation (see the "Properties" above). 
Both the hardness and abrasion-resistant characteristics of the coating originate from the high strength of aluminium oxide, yet the porous coating layer produced with conventional direct current anodizing procedures is within a 60–70 Rockwell hardness C range which is comparable only to hardened carbon steel alloys, but considerably inferior to the hardness of natural and synthetic corundum. 
Instead, with plasma electrolytic oxidation, the coating is porous only on the surface oxide layer while the lower oxide layers are much more compact than with standard DC anodizing procedures and present a higher crystallinity due to the oxide layers being remelted and densified to obtain α-Al2O3 clusters with much higher coating hardness values circa 2000 Vickers hardness.
Alumina is used to manufacture tiles which are attached inside pulverized fuel lines and flue gas ducting on coal fired power stations to protect high wear areas. 
They are not suitable for areas with high impact forces as these tiles are brittle and susceptible to breakage.

Electrical insulation:
Aluminium oxide is an electrical insulator used as a substrate (silicon on sapphire) for integrated circuits but also as a tunnel barrier for the fabrication of superconducting devices such as single electron transistors and superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).

For Aluminium oxides application as an electrical insulator in integrated circuits, where the conformal growth of a thin film is a prerequisite and the preferred growth mode is atomic layer deposition, Al2O3 films can be prepared by the chemical exchange between trimethylaluminum (Al(CH3)3) and H2O:
2 Al(CH3)3 + 3 H2O → Al2O3 + 6 CH4

H2O in the above reaction can be replaced by ozone (O3) as the active oxidant and the following reaction then takes place:
2 Al(CH3)3 + O3 → Al2O3 + 3 C2H6

The Al2O3 films prepared using O3 show 10–100 times lower leakage current density compared with those prepared by H2O.
Aluminium oxide, being a dielectric with relatively large band gap, is used as an insulating barrier in capacitors.

Formula: Al2O3
Molecular mass: 101.9
Boiling point: 3000°C
Melting point: 2054°C
Density: 3.97 g/cm³
Solubility in water: none 

Aluminium oxide has firmly established itself as a technical ceramic. 
This development is driven by the increasing miniaturisation of components, which calls for a material with modifiable property and machining profiles. 
The property profile of aluminium oxide gives it multifunctional applications. 
Consequently, aluminium oxide is very hard, extremely resistant to wear and corrosion.

Aluminium oxide is the oxygen compound of the element aluminium. 
The raw material for this substance is the aluminium ore bauxite. 
Caustic soda lye is used to split this ore into aluminium hydroxide. 
Calcination and complex grinding processes are used to create high-quality, high-purity AI2O3.

The aluminium oxide used in our products offers excellent corrosion resistance and high dielectric strength, which explains its frequent use as an insulator.
Aluminium oxide is also extremely hard and highly resistant to abrasion and wear. 
In comparison with other ceramics, this material is an excellent heat conductor.

Aluminium oxide is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. 
Aluminium oxide is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and is specifically identified as aluminium(III) oxide. 
Aluminium oxide is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, or alundum depending on particular forms or applications. 
Aluminium oxide occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al2O3 as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire. 
Al2O3 is significant in its use to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point. 
Known as alpha alumina in materials science communities or alundum (in fused form) or aloxite in the ceramic communities aluminium oxide finds wide use.  
Alumina effect pigment flakes are used in paint for reflective decorative effects in ceramics and pottery industries.

All pigments for ceramics are intermixable so why not get creative and experiment by missing your own completely fresh color. 
During the firing process, the colors fuse extra vigorously creating purity, intensity, and brilliance. 
The colors are stronger, therefore, significantly less percentage is needed to create vivid colors making them excessively cost-effective.

How to use Iron Oxide in the pottery: 
Aluminium oxide is used to stiffen the glaze and prevent it from running off. 
Aluminium oxide also prevents crystallisation in the glazes, but in high quantities makes the glaze matt.

Increases the temperature of the glaze and its wear resistance. 
In ceramics, Al2O3 comes up when technicians talk about glaze chemistry. 
Aluminium oxide is an oxide mostly contributed by clays, feldspars, and frits. 
As glazes melt oxides are liberated from materials and they form a glass structure. 
Al2O3 is very important in that structure, mainly imparting stability to the melt and durability to the fired glass. 
Almost all glazes have significant Al2O3 (second only to SiO2).

Al2O3 in kaolin or feldspar is chemically combined with SiO2 and is readily dissolved into glaze melts. 
However, the Al2O3 in alumina hydrate or calcined alumina is a crystalline solid (these materials are very refractory and sintered into a multitude of hi-tech ceramic products). 
Thus, alumina, as a material, is not a good source of Al2O3 to glaze melts, it does not readily melt and yield the oxides. 
In bodies, Aluminium oxide will almost always exist as unmelted particles (although some very small particles could dissolve into the inter-particle feldspar glass).

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Environment & Energy>Lithium-ion secondary battery materials

ALUMINUM OXIDE INFORMATION
Aluminium oxide also known as alumina is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al₂O₃. 
We offer this compound in three different forms. 
You can request this compound either in its Calcined, absorbative, or nano-spherical grade.

ALUMINUM OXIDE USES
This mineral is commonly used as an abrasive and as a component in many different types of cutting tools.

Aluminum Oxide is a durable, sharp cutting and long-lasting grit used in blasting, grinding, surface preparation & blast cleaning. 
Aluminium oxide is produced by a reduction fusion of high quality bauxites in electric arc furnaces. 
Aluminium oxide has high toughness and hardness for industrial operations, such as cleaning turbine blades & engine parts.
Aluminum Oxide’s quick cutting action is effective on difficult to remove debris from hard metal surfaces, as well as engraving monument markers. 
Aluminium oxide is also commonly used in anti-skid/non-slip applications. 

Other uses:
In lighting, translucent aluminium oxide is used in some sodium vapor lamps.
Aluminium oxide is also used in preparation of coating suspensions in compact fluorescent lamps.

In chemistry laboratories, aluminium oxide is a medium for chromatography, available in basic (pH 9.5), acidic (pH 4.5 when in water) and neutral formulations.
Health and medical applications include it as a material in hip replacements and birth control pills.

Aluminium oxide is used as a scintillator and dosimeter for radiation protection and therapy applications for its optically stimulated luminescence properties.
Insulation for high-temperature furnaces is often manufactured from aluminium oxide. 
Sometimes the insulation has varying percentages of silica depending on the temperature rating of the material. 
The insulation can be made in blanket, board, brick and loose fiber forms for various application requirements.
Small pieces of aluminium oxide are often used as boiling chips in chemistry.

Aluminium oxide is also used to make spark plug insulators.
Using a plasma spray process and mixed with titania, it is coated onto the braking surface of some bicycle rims to provide abrasion and wear resistance.[citation needed]
Most ceramic eyes on fishing rods are circular rings made from aluminium oxide.

In Aluminium oxides finest powdered (white) form, called Diamantine, aluminium oxide is used as a superior polishing abrasive in watchmaking and clockmaking.
Aluminium oxide is also used in the coating of stanchions in the motorcross and mountainbike industry. 
This coating is combined with molybdenumdisulfate to provide long term lubrication of the surface.

ALUMINUM OXIDE
Aluminium oxide
1344-28-1
gamma-Alumina
dialuminum;oxygen(2-)
UNII-LMI26O6933
BETA-ALUMINIUM OXIDE
GAMMA-ALUMINIUM OXIDE
LMI26O6933
12522-88-2
12737-16-5
Fasertonerde
Abramant
Abramax
Abrarex
Abrasit
Aloxite
Alundu
Compalox
Conopal
Faserton
Lucalox
Martoxin
Poraminar
Almite
Diadur
Saffie
Dural
Dispal alumina
Eta-alumina
Aluminum oxide, mesoporous
Catapal S
Jubenon R
Microgrit WCA
Neobead C
Dispal M
Hypalox II
Ketjen B
Alumite (oxide)
Cab-O-grip
Fiber FP
Ludox CL
Aluminite 37
Dialuminum trioxide
Alon C
Aluminum sesquioxide
Catapal SB alumina
Alundum 600
Dotment 324
Dotment 358
GK (Oxide)
Alcoa F 1
Exolon XW 60
A 1 (Sorbent)
PS 1 (Alumina)
Activated aluminum oxide
Aluminum lake
F 360 (Alumina
G 0 (Oxide)
G 2 (Oxide)
Alumina Ceramic
Brockmann, aluminum oxide
Q-Loid A 30
Aluminum oxide (Brockmann)
KHP 2
RC 172DBM
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
CCRIS 6605
HSDB 506
LA 6
Aluminum oxide [NF]
Aluminum oxide (brockmann) (form)
Aluminum oxide (ignited)
Al2O3
EINECS 215-691-6
KA 101
A1-1401 P(MS)
aluminiumoxid
alpha alumina
gamma alumina
A1-0109 P
A1-3916 P
A1-3970 P
AI3-02904
Double-pass AAO Template 2.5 cm(D: 100nm,hole depth: 60 mum)
Activated alumina
Aluminum oxide G
A1-3438 T 1/8''
EINECS 254-434-2
Nano Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum oxide gamma
Aluminum oxide, AR
A1-0104 T 3/16''
A1-1404 T 3/16''
A1-3945 E 1/16''
A1-3980 T 5/32''
A1-4028 T 3/16''
A1-4126 E 1/16''
Alumina Nanoparticles
Iron Oxide Dispersion
Aluminum (II) oxide
Aluminium oxide neutral
Nano Alumina Dispersion
Alumina Slurry Polishing
Aluminum Oxide Nanowires
Aluminium oxide nanowires
Alumina Sputtering Target
Aluminum Oxide Dispersion
Aluminium Oxide Dispersion
Aluminium Oxide Nanopowder
EC 215-691-6
Alumina (Alpha) Nanopowder
Alumina (Gamma) Nanopowder
gamma-Alumina oxide Nanopowder
alpha- Alumina oxide Nanopowder
DTXSID1052791
Aluminium Oxide Sputtering Target
Aluminum oxide, SP,99.999%
Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle Disperson
AKOS030228258
DB11342
Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles / Nanopowder
Aluminum Oxide Nanopowder / Nanoparticles
Large aperture AAO template 180-250nm
Large aperture AAO template 250-300nm
Large aperture AAO template 300-350nm
S32
V type AAO Template(hole depth:260 nm)
Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles, Silane Coated
V type AAO Template(hole depth :500 nm)
V type AAO Template(pore diameter: 450 nm)
Alumina Al2O3 Powder / Aluminum Oxide Powder
Double-pass AAO Template 1.2 cm(HD:400nm)
V type AAO Template(pore diameter: 90-40 nm)
Zinc Magnesium (Zn-Mg) Alloy Sputtering Targets
Double-pass AAO Template(HD:20-40nm D:1.2cm)
Double-pass AAO Template(HD:20-40nm D:2.5cm)
Double-pass AAO Template(HD:60-80nm D:1.2cm)
Double-pass AAO Template(HD:60-80nm D:2.5cm)
Q177342
Single-pass AAO Template(HD: 200nm,Size:2x2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template(HD: 300nm,Size:2x2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template(HD: 400nm,Size:2x2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template(HD: 500nm,Size:2x2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template(HD: 600nm,Size:2x2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template(HD: 700nm,Size:2x2cm)
Aluminum oxide, 99.99% metals basis, 56mum, powder
Single-pass AAO Template(Thickness:5mum, HD:300nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 1mum,HD:5-10 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 50nm,HD:5-10 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(Thickness:60mum, HD:300nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 300nm, HD:40-50 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 300nm, HD:60-80 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 300nm,HD:20-30 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 5mum, HD: 60-80 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(Thickness: 5mum,HD:20-30 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(Thickness: 60mum, HD:20-30 nm)
Single-pass AAO Template(Thickness:300nm, HD:80-100nm)
UNII-2RF6EJ0M85 component PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Aluminum oxide, activated, neutral, Brockmann I 58 A pore size
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 5mum(D: 50nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template(thickness: 60mum, HD: 60-80 nm)
Al2O3 Alumina Spherical Powder / Aluminum Oxide Spherical Powder
Double-pass AAO Template 1.2 cm(D: 100nm,hole depth: 50 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 1.2 cm(D: 200nm,hole depth: 50 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 1.2 cm(D: 300nm,hole depth: 50 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 1.2 cm(D: 50nm,hole depth: 50 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 2.5 cm(D: 200nm,hole depth: 60 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 2.5 cm(D: 300nm,hole depth: 60 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 2.5 cm(D: 400nm,hole depth: 60 mum)
Double-pass AAO Template 2.5 cm(D: 50nm,hole depth: 60 mum)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 50mum(D: 100nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 50mum(D: 200nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 50mum(D: 400nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 50mum(D: 50nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 5mum(D: 100nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 5mum(D: 200nm, Square 2cm)
Single-pass AAO Template Thickness 5mum(D: 400nm, Square 2cm)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 60-70 nm(HD: 30nm, S:>/=1cm2)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 60-70 nm(HD: 40nm, S:>/=1cm2)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 60-70 nm(HD: 50nm, S:>/=1cm2)
AAO double-pass filter membrane 200 nm(D: 25 mm, Hole depth: 200 nm)
AAO double-pass filter membrane 200 nm(D: 47 mm, Hole depth: 200 nm)
AAO double-pass filter membrane 300 nm(D: 25 mm, Hole depth: 300 nm)
AAO double-pass filter membrane 300 nm(D: 47 mm, Hole depth: 300 nm)
AAO double-pass filter membrane 400 nm(D: 25 mm, Hole depth: 400 nm)
AAO double-pass filter membrane 400 nm(D: 47 mm, Hole depth: 400 nm)
Double-pass AAO Template 1.2 cm(D:40-60nm,hole depth: 40-70 mum)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 100-110 nm(HD: 60nm, S:>/=1cm2)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 100-110 nm(HD: 70nm, S:>/=1cm2)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 100-110 nm(HD: 80nm, S:>/=1cm2)
Transferable AAO ultrathin films 100-110 nm(HD: 90nm, S:>/=1cm2)
1344-28-1 [RN]
215-691-6 [EINECS]
Alumina [Wiki]
Aluminium oxide [Wiki]
Aluminium(III) oxide
99328-47-9 [RN]
Aluminium oxide neutral
ALUMINUM OXIDE
aluminumoxide
MFCD00003424 [MDL number]
氧化铝 [Chinese]

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