CARBOWAX Polyethylene Glycol 200
Name : Polyethylene Glycol
CAS number : 25322-68-3
Type : Oxyalkylene Polymer
Polyethylene glycol that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
INCI Name: PEG-4
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol liquid.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a water soluble linear polymer, formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 can act as lubricant, binder and modifier.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 offers attractive solubility properties, is hygroscopic, enables viscosity profile design, can undergo reactions typical of alcohols and shows wide vapor pressure and melting or freezing range.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is suitable for humectants, inks, paper coatings and latex paints.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 complies with FDA regulation.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a plasticizer and mold release agent.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 offers good lubricating & humectant properties and maintains wet-tack strength.
CARBOWAX PEG 200
Polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 200, HO-(CH2CH20)n-H.
Applications of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Adhesives
-Lubricants
-Agriculture
-Mold Release Agent
-Chemical Intermediates
-Plasticizer
-Inks
Uses of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Lubricants
-Adhesives
-Antistatic agent and humectant
-Chemical intermediates
-Inks and dye carrier
-Mold release agent
-Plasticizer
-Silver polish
-Leather
-Vinyl care
-Antifog
-Glass cleaner
-Powder and liquid detergents
Benefits of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Completely soluble in water
-Molecularly stable and non-volatile
-Excellent hygroscopicity
-Low toxicity
-High lubricity and solvency
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a water soluble linear polymer, formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
KEYWORDS:
25322-68-3, Polyethylene Glycol 200, Polyethylene Glycol, Oxyalkylene Polymer, PEG-4, CARBOWAX PEG, CARBOWAX, Cosmetics, Solvent, emulsifiers
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is the product of the catalysed reaction between ethylene oxide and water.
The polymerisation reaction is controlled so that the average molecular weight is in the range 190 – 210.
CARBOWAX PEG 200, at room temperature, is a clear, hygroscopic liquid, which possesses a characteristic low vapour pressure and excellent lubricity.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is totally soluble in water and in most organic solvents except aliphatic hydrocarbons.
At high temperatures and in the presence of air CARBOWAX PEG 200 will undergo decomposition.
However, improved stability can be gained by the use of antioxidants.
As CARBOWAX PEG 200 contains two terminal hydroxyl groups it can be used in polyurethane and esterification reactions.
Synthesis Procedure of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Poly (ethylene glycol) is obtained by living anionic polymerization and the reaction.
Characterization of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
The polymer was characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC): Varian liquid chromatograph equipped with UV and refractive detector.
SEC columns from Supelco were used with THF containing 2 vol% (Et)3N as the eluent.
The molecular weights were determined using light scattering detector and viscosity detector.
The molecular weights and the polydispersity indice were calculated.
An aqueous GPC column from Supelco(G5000 PWXL) was also used with 0.5 M acetic acid and 0.8 M NaNO3 as the eluent.
It was kept at a constant temperature of 50°C.
The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min.
The column was calibrated with monodisperse poly(ethylene oxide) standards.
The molecular weights and the polydispersity index of polyethylene oxide were calculated by using a Visual Basic GPC software.
Applications of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
CARBOWAX PEG 200 can be used in many applications including printing inks, ceramic and glass production, the treatment of paper, lubricant base, fatty acid ester manufacture, textile conditioner, as a formulation aid in the detergent industry and in the production of polyurethane prepolymers.
Purification of the obtained polymer:
Purification of the obtained polymer was carried out rigorously as follows to ensure the removal of the catalyst side product:
1. Dissolved the polymer in de-ionized distilled water to remove the any insoluble organic catalyst side product.
2. Polymer extracted from water with dichloromethane.
3. Polymer solution in dichloromethane was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
4. Solution filtered and than passed through a column packed with basic Al2O3 .
5. Solution concentrated on rota-evaporator
6. Solution precipitated in cold diethyl ether.
7. Dried under vacuum for 48h at 38 oC.
Solubility of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Poly(ethyl glycol) is soluble in toluene, THF, water and CHCl3.
The polymer is insoluble in hexane, ether, cold isopropanol and ethanol.
Handling and Storage of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
CARBOWAX Polyethylene Glycols are relatively easy to store and handle.
They can be stored in bulk in steel tanks which could be padded with nitrogen or any other inert gas to prevent air from entering the tank.
If slight iron pickup and colour changes cannot be tolerated then the storage tank should be constructed from stainless steel.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 – Polyethylene Glycols are liquids at average room temperature and to maintain them in this condition storage tanks may have to be insulated and heated.
Externally located heating devices are preferable to internally sited ones.
With external heating the risk of accelerating product deterioration is greatly reduced.
Insulation of the storage tanks should be suitable for maintaining the product temperature under local climatic conditions.
Ideally the polyglycols should be stored at a temperature of at least 5° above freezing point but at not much higher than 65°C to avoid risk of product degradation.
Similarly drums should be stored under cover, or preferably inside a warehouse, to maintain the temperature of the polyglycol at a level which allows for easy discharge.
The shelf life of properly stored bulk and unopened drums is 36 months.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 has a variety of uses but it can be especially useful for certain commonly used procedures in electron microscopy.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 does not hydrolyze or deteriorate on storage.
And CARBOWAX PEG 200 will not support the growth of molds (so far as we know).
CAS NUMBER: 25322-68-3
PEG is a family of water soluble linear polymers formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
This highly versatile formulating ingredients and intermediates have resulted in their widespread commercial use.
Typical Physical Properties of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Average Molecular Weight Range: 190 to 210
Average Hydroxyl Number Range: 590 to 534
Avg. Number of Repeating Oxyethylene Units: 4.2
Density (g/cm3 @ 20°C): 1.1239
Melting or Freezing Range: sets to glass -65°C (-85°F)
Solubility in Water (Wt% @ 20°C): Complete
Viscosity (cST @ 99°C): 4.3
Avg. Liquid Specific Heat (cal/g/°C): 0.52
Heat of Fusion (cal/g): sets to glass below -65°C (-85°F)
pH at 25°C (5% Aqueous Solution): 4.5 to 7.5
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used as a fusogen to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production. Induces cell hybridization.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol liquid.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a water soluble linear polymer, formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 can act as lubricant, binder and modifier.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 replaces water in wooden objects, making the wood dimensionally stable and preventing warping or shrinking of the wood when it dries.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used when working with green wood as a stabilizer, and to prevent shrinkage.
CARBOWAX PEG 200has been used to preserve the painted colors.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 has aided in preserving the colors painted on the pieces of clay soldiers.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is often used (as an internal calibration compound) in mass spectrometry experiments, with its characteristic fragmentation pattern allowing accurate and reproducible tuning.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 derivatives, such as narrow range ethoxylates, are used as surfactants.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 has been used as the hydrophilic block of amphiphilic block copolymers used to create some polymersomes.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 has also been used as a propellent.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystall.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used to fuse two different types of cells, most often B-cells and myelomas in order to create hybridomas.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is also used to induce complete fusion (mixing of both inner and outer leaflets) in liposomes reconstituted in vitro.
Gene therapy vectors (such as viruses) can be CARBOWAX PEG 200-coated to shield them from inactivation by the immune system and to de-target them from organs where they may build up and have a toxic effect.
The size of the CARBOWAX PEG 200 polymer has been shown to be important, with larger polymers achieving the best immune protection.
TYPICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
% Actives: 100%
Form: Liquid
Melting or Freezing Range: Sets to glass below -65°C °C
Molecular Weight: 190-210 g/mol
Solubility in Water (20°C, % by wt): Complete
Viscosity (100°C): 4.3 cSt
PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Quality Level: 200
grade: Hybri-Max
sterility: sterile-filtered
product lineç: BioReagent
form: solution
mol wt: average mol wt 1,450
concentration: 50 % (w/v)
technique(s): cell culture | hybridoma: suitable
impurities: endotoxin, tested
storage temp.: 2-8°C
SPECIFICATION of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Physical Form (at 20°C): Liquid
Melting Point: 4-8°C
Boiling Point: >200°C
Flash Point: 235°C
Density: 1.1275
Refractive Index: 1.458-1.461
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a component of stable nucleic acid lipid particles used to package siRNA for use in vivo.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used as a potentiator to enhance detection of antigens and antibodies.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is the basis of many skin creams (as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants (frequently combined with glycerin).
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used in a number of toothpastes as a dispersant.
In this application, CARBOWAX PEG 200 binds water and helps keep xanthan gum uniformly distributed throughout the toothpaste.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is also under investigation for use in body armor, and in tattoos to monitor diabetes.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used in Hewlett-Packard designjet printers as an ink solvent and lubricant for the print heads.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is also used as an anti-foaming agent in food and drinks.
CARBOWAX PEG 200s INS number is 1521 or E1521 in the EU.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is also used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.
Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes involving CARBOWAX PEG 200, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is used to extend the size and durability of very large soap bubbles.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is the main ingredient in many personal lubricants.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is sold as a liquid in cans, pails, or drums, and can be stored inside a warm building without provision for heating.
Solubility in organic solvents:
PEGs are readily soluble in polar and non-polar solvents and insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Volatility and stability to heat:
PEGs are practically involatile.
Prolonged heating at 150°C causes weight losses which are ascribed to the escape of volatile decomposition products.
Which breakdown products are formed depends on the air supply; in addition to water, carbon dioxide and aldehydes, simple alcohols, acids and glycol esters can be formed.
Production of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
PEGs are synthesized by polymerization of ethylene oxide in the presence of water or ethylene glycol and alkaline catalysts.
Fractional distillation as used to fractionate simple glycols cannot be applied with the poorly volatile PEGs.
Purity of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
In PEG300 and PEG400 and in PEG1540 and PEG4000 peroxides have been detected; they are formed by autoxidation during ageing.
Reports from the 1960s indicate that autoxidation can be prevented by addition of 0.01 % to 0.5 % olefin oxides, e.g., ethylene oxide.
There are no more recent reports of the levels of dioxane and ethylene oxide from the synthesis or of the use of ethylene oxide as an additive.
Uses of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
PEGs are used, for example,
– in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, e.g., as ointment bases, in creams, lotions, face lotions, lipsticks and toothpastes
– in the textile and leather industries, e.g., as plasticizers, antistatic agents, emulsifying agents
– in the rubber industry, e.g., as lubricants, mould-release agents, vulcanization accelerators
– in the ceramic industry, e.g., as plasticizers and binding agents
– in the paper industry, e.g. as moisturizers for paper and cardboard
APPLICATIONS of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Adhesives
-Agriculture
-Ceramics
-Inks
-Lubricants
-Soap & Detergents
-Personal Care
INDUSTRY:
-Cosmetics
PRODUCT CLASS:
-Solvent
-emulsifiers
OTHER:
Origin: Synthetic
Shelf life: 2 years from mfg. date
Freight Classification: NMFC48580 S3 CL55
Kosher Status: Not Kosher
Flash Point: 270 øC
Melting Point: 64-66 øC
API: NO
Allergen: NO
Hazmat: YES
Molecular Weight: N/A
CAS Number:
25322-68-3
Grade:
Highly Purified
Molecular Formula:
(C₂H₄O)nH₂O
Molecular Weight:
200
EU Commodity Code:
38220090
Shipping Temp:
RT
Storage Temp:
RT/4°C
CARBOWAX PEG 200 (Polyethylene Glycol 200) is a colorless, non-volatile, hygroscopic liquid.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, benzene, and glycols.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 has many applications in various industries such as resins, agriculture, detergents, cosmetics and personal care, wood working, heat transfer fluids, lubricants, release agents, papers, plastics, adhesives, and textiles.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is also commonly used to make emulsifying agents.
Since 1940, CARBOWAX Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs) have set the industry standards for innovation, performance, formulation flexibility and quality.
CARBOWAX PEGs are available in a wide range of viscosities and melting points, as well as in a range of product forms from liquid to solids, which give you nearly limitless options to achieved desired product properties.
APPEARANCE of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Clear to white liquid
FUNCTION of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is a polymer with cleansing, emulsifying, and solvent action.
CARBOWAX PEG 200 is often found in cleansing products for face, body, and hair.
SYNONYMS:
PEG 200 [Carbowax 200]; Polyethylene Glycol 200; Poly(Ethylene Oxide); PEO; PEG
STORAGE of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Store in a tightly closed container.
Store CARBOWAX PEG 200 in a cool, dry area away from incompatible substances.