CLIMBAZOLE

CAS Number: 38083-17-9
Formula: C15H17ClN2O2
Molar mass: 292.76 g·mol−1
EC Number: 253-775-4
IUPAC Name: 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one

Climbazole is a topical antifungal agent commonly used in the treatment of human fungal skin infections such as dandruff and eczema.
Climbazole has shown a high in vitro and in vivo efficacy against Malassezia spp. that appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of dandruff.
Climbazole is chemical structure and properties are similar to other fungicides such as ketoconazole and miconazole.

Climbazole is most commonly found as an active ingredient in OTC anti-dandruff and anti-fungal products, including shampoos, lotions and conditioners.
Climbazole may be accompanied by other active ingredients such as zinc pyrithione or triclosan.

Climbazole is a ketone that is butan-2-one substituted by a 4-chlorophenoxy and a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group at position 1 and 2 methyl groups at position 3.
Climbazole is a member of monochlorobenzenes, a member of imidazoles, an aromatic ether, a ketone and a hemiaminal ether.

Catalogue Number: C578500
Chemical Name: Climbazole
Synonyms: 1-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone; 1-[(4-Chlorophenoxy)(tert-butylcarbonyl)methyl]imidazole; BAY-e 6975; Baypival; Crinipan AD;
CAS Number: 38083-17-9
Molecular Formula: C₁₅H₁₇ClN₂O₂
Appearance: White to Off-White Solid
Melting Point: 92-94°C
Molecular Weight: 292.76
Storage: -20°C Freezer
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Category: Standards; Pharmaceutical/API Drug Impurities/Metabolites;

Climbazole is the gold standard ingredient used for superior anti-dandruff treatment. 
Climbazole’s an antifungal agent clinically researched to have high efficacy against (P. ovale) dandruff-causing fungus. 
Various studies have shown that 1% Climazole is a potent yet safe ingredient effective in the treatment of moderate to severe dandruff.

Applications of Climbazole: Climbazole is an imidazole antifungal agent that can provide anti-dandruff benefits when incorporated into a shampoo matrix. 
Climbazole was not mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium or Escherichia coli Ames assay and did not induce micronuclei in human lymphocytes.

Climbazole is an additive and antifungal agent used in over-the-counter shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and face washes to treat human fungal skin infections like eczema and dandruff.Dandruff is suffered by as much as half of the population and about one in every ten individuals in the United States will develop eczema during their lifetime.
Climbazole helps to treat these moderate to severe fungal infections and their symptoms such as redness, and dry, itchy, and flakey skin without causing irritation to the affected area when used properly.
Climbazole is soluble and can be dissolved in a small amount of rubbing alcohol, glycols, surfactants, and perfume oils, but it is insoluble in water. 
Climbazole also dissolves faster at elevated temperatures so using a warm solvent is recommended.

Climbazole is a broad and high-efficient antimicrobial.
Climbazole shows excellent inhibiting effect on pytyrosporum ovale fungi that causes dandruff, without irritating scalp due to hydrolysis.
Climbazole is stable under acidic and little alkali condition, as well as radiation and heat.
Climbazole is ideal for application in anti-dandruff shampoo, body wash and soap.

Climbazole is a fungicide used mainly for personal care products.
Climbazole has a low aqueous solubility and can be persistent in soil systems.
Based on Climbazoles physico-chemical properties it would not be expected to leach to groundwater.
Climbazole has a moderate mammalian toxicity.

Climbazole bears the symbol (+) and can therefore be used in cosmetics at higher concentrations, as long as they are not employed as preservatives. 
Climbazole is currently authorized as a preservative up to a maximum concentration of 0.5 %.

Climbazole is declared to be non-sensitive against long wave UV radiation and daylight (wavelengths not stated), stable against elevated temperatures up to 70°C and not hygroscopic. 
The tests proving these statements lack full description; some parts of the documentation are even illegible. 

Function and uses of Climbazole:
This dossier is intended to support the safety of Climbazole when used as an anti-dandruff (Pityriasis capitis) active ingredient in hair cosmetic preparations up to a maximum concentration of 2% in rinse-off products and up to a maximum of 0.5% in non-rinse products for hair and scalp. 

What is Climbazole and How is it Used in Cosmetic Products?
Climbazole is an additive and antifungal agent used in over-the-counter shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and face washes to treat human fungal skin infections like eczema and dandruff. 
Dandruff is suffered by as much as half of the population and about one in every ten individuals in the United States will develop eczema during their lifetime. 
Climbazole helps to treat these moderate to severe fungal infections and their symptoms such as redness, and dry, itchy, and flakey skin without causing irritation to the affected area when used properly.

Is Climbazole Safe?
In the use of cosmetic products with a maximum concentration of 0.5% Climbazole cannot be considered safe, but when it is used as a preservative in hair cosmetics and face cosmetics at 0.5%, it does not pose a risk to the health of the consumer. 
Climbazole is a stable acid with a neutral pH that ranges between pH 4-7 and has excellent light, heat and storage abilities.

Is Climbazole more Effective when Combined with Zinc Pyrithione for Dandruff?
Though Climbazole is effective on its own, the addition of zinc pryithione can add to the shampoo’s efficacy. 
Zinc pyrthione can inhibit the growth of yeast, which is a main factor in dandruff, and has antibacterial, antimicrobial, and anti-fungal properties that can work in conjunction with Climbazole.

Climbazole is a broad and high-efficient antimicrobial. 
Climbazole shows excellent inhibiting effect on pytyrosporum ovale fungi that causes dandruff, without irritating scalp due to hydrolysis. 
Climbazole is stable under acidic and little alkali condition, as well as radiation and heat. 
Ideal for application in anti-dandruff shampoo, body wash and soap.

How do you Dissolve Climbazole?
Climbazole is soluble and can be dissolved in a small amount of rubbing alcohol, glycols, surfactants, and perfume oils, but it is insoluble in water. 
Climbazole also dissolves faster at elevated temperatures so using a warm solvent is recommended.

Is Dandruff a Fungus?
Most dandruff problems are a result of fungus known as Malassezia that live on your scalp causing skin cells to multiply more quickly than usual. 
The most effective treatment is dandruff shampoo that delivers the anti-fungal agent directly to the scalp.

Is Eczema a Fungus?
Eczema, also known as eczematous dermatitis, has many causes such as predetermined genetic allergens, but the most common is a bacterium know as Staphylococcus aureus. 
This is found on the skin of almost everyone who suffers from eczema since it thrives on the weepy, broken skin caused by this condition. 
Climbazole can also provide entry points for infection making treatment even more difficult. 
Though eczema is normally not a fungus itself, inhibiting infection using an anti-fungal agent such as Climbazole can be the key to successful treatment of eczema.

Description of Climbazole:
Climbazole is an antifungal compound that displays antimicrobial activity against Malassezia, treating dandruff and eczema. 
Like other similar compounds, climbazole likely inhibits 14-α demethylase.

Product Info:
Cas No.: 38083-17-9
Purity: ≥98%
Formula: C15H17ClN2O2
Formula Wt.: 292.76
IUPAC Name: 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one
Synonym: Baypival
Melting Point: 98-99°C
Appearance: White Crystal Powder

Use of climbazole:
Apply the shampoo to wet hair, gentle massage, wait for about 10 minutes (for optimal contact with the affected scalp), then rinse with plenty of warm water, avoiding eye contact.

Climbazole is known to be an antifungal drug, which is frequently used in the treatment of skin fungal infections. 
Thus, Climbazole effectively treats dandruff as well as other scalp infections. 

Moreover, Climbazole offers relief from itching, which can cause a lot of discomfort in individuals who suffer from dandruff. 
Climbazole is available in the form of a hair shampoo, which should be used regularly for a period of about 4 weeks.

One will experience a definite improvement in the quality of their hair and notice that the amount of dandruff has considerably reduced. 
By the end of the treatment, Climbazole should be able to get rid of about 90% of dandruff.

Climbazole is currently listed in Annex V of the Regulation and it is allowed for use as a preservative at a maximum concentration of 0,5 %.  
In addition, Climbazole may also be used as a non-preservative, but the same restriction applies.

Climbazole (CBZ) and fluconazole (FCZ) belong to the class of azole antifungal drugs that are widely used in medicine and as ingredients of cosmetics, and in result have been frequently detected in municipal and domestic wastewater and in natural watercourses. 
So far, the behaviour of azole antifungal drugs in constructed wetlands has been scarcely reported. 
In this study the fate of CBZ and FCZ was investigated in constructed wetlands with various water saturation levels and with or without the vegetation. 
The experimental column system was operated in outdoor conditions for 122 days and was fed with artificial wastewater containing CBZ or FCZ at 10 μg/L, each. 
The removal of FCZ was negligible and the removal of CBZ was ≥90% in unsaturated and partially saturated conditions and in saturated columns with plants. 
Unvegetated saturated columns provided only moderate removal of CBZ (56%). 

Climbazole is safe for use as a preservative in face cream, hair lotion and foot care products at a maximum concentration of 0,2 % and as a preservative in rinse-off shampoo at the maximum concentration of 0,5 %.
The use of climbazole as a non-preservative is restricted to use in a rinse-off shampoo as an anti-dandruff agent, at the maximum concentration of 2 %.

Climbazole is a topical antifungal agent commonly used in the treatment of human fungal skin infections such as dandruff and eczema.

KEYWORDS:
38083-17-9, 253-775-4, BAY-E 6975, CHEMBL1437764, DTXSID6046555, OWEGWHBOCFMBLP-UHFFFAOYSA-, BDBM181112, HMS2090O13, HMS3652P05, DL-358

Melting Point: 98 °C
Boiling Point: 447.5 °C
Flash Point:: 224.4 °C
XLogP3-AA: 3.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Solubility:DMSO:47mg/mL
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 292.0978555
Monoisotopic Mass: 292.0978555
Topological Polar Surface Area: 44.1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 335
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Chemical names:
1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(imidazol-1-yl)-3,3 dimethylbutan-2-one
1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3 dimethyl-2-butanone (IUPAC)
1-(p-Chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1-imidazolyl)-2-butanone
1-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-1-(1-imidazolyl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanon
1-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanon
2-Butanone, 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl 

Other names of Climbazol
38083-17-9
BAY-E 6975
1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one
2-Butanone, 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-
1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one
Baypival
CHEBI:83719
MFCD00055505
NCGC00166153-01
Baysan
DSSTox_CID_26555
DSSTox_RID_81715
DSSTox_GSID_46555
Climbazolum
1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1-imidazolyl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone
1-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1-(imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone
1-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(imidazole-1-yl)-2-butanone
Climbazol [INN-Spanish]
Climbazolum [INN-Latin]
CAS-38083-17-9
Climbazole [INN:BAN]
EINECS 253-775-4
BRN 0618020
Bay e 6975
CCRIS 8169
MEB 6401
1-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1-(imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethylbutanone
1-(p-Chlorophenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone
1-(p-Chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1-imidazolyl)-2-butanone
1-(4-Clorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(imidazole-1-yl)-2-butanone
(+/-)-Climbazole-d4
1-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone
EC 253-775-4
SCHEMBL39729
US9138393, Climbazole
US9144538, Climbazole
5-23-04-00209 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS004773943
1-NAPHTHYLACETICANHYDRIDE
BAY e-6975
CHEMBL1437764
DTXSID6046555
OWEGWHBOCFMBLP-UHFFFAOYSA-
BDBM181112
HMS2090O13
HMS3652P05
HMS3744O15
Pharmakon1600-01504833
HY-B1151
MEB-6401
Tox21 112343
Tox21_112343
AC-272
DL-358
NSC759808
s4178
2-BUTANONE, 1-(p-CHLOROPHENOXY)-3,3-DIMETHYL-1-(1-IMIDAZOLYL)-
AKOS015895513
Tox21_112343_1
CCG-213958
CS-4675
DB15580
KS-5112
NSC 759808
NSC-759808
Climbazole 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
NCGC00166153-02
NCGC00166153-03
SMR001550495
AB0012194
DB-049235
FT-0624097
FT-0655760
FT-0665095
SW219213-1
Climbazole, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
H10384
AB01275501-01AB01275501_02
AB01275501_03
083C179
A824009
AO-295/40848554
Q629373
SR-05000001501
Q-100974
SR-05000001501-1
BRD-A61676498-001-01-7
Climbazole, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
1-(4-chloranylphenoxy)-1-imidazol-1-yl-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one
1-(4-Chlorophenoxy)-1-(imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one
1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(imidazol-1-yl)-butan-2-one
 

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