CAS Number: 61791-12-6
PEG-35 Castor Oil.
Cremophor EL is an emulsifier and solubilizer.
Cremophor EL is used in shampoos and make-up formulations.
Cremophor EL is prepared by reacting 35 moles of ethylene oxide with each mole of castor oil.
The resulting product is a mixture (CAS number 61791-12-6): the major component is the material in which the hydroxyl groups of the castor oil triglyceride have ethoxylated with ethylene oxide to form polyethylene glycol ethers.
Minor components are the polyethyelene glycol esters of ricinoleic acid, polyethyelene glycols and polyethyelene glycol ethers of glycerol.
Cremophor EL is a synthetic, nonionic surfactant used to stabilize emulsions of nonpolar materials in water.
Uses of Cremophor EL:
-Miconazole, anti-fungal
-Docetaxel, anti-cancer
-Aci-Jel (acetic acid / oxyquinoline / ricinoleic acid - vaginal)
-Sandimmune (cyclosporine injection, USP)
-Nelfinavir mesylate, HIV protease inhibitor
-Propofol, intravenous anaesthetic agent, originally presented in Kolliphor EL for trials; now presented in a lipid emulsion
-Diazepam injection; superseded by lipid emulsion alternative (Diazemuls)
-Vitamin K injection
-Ixabepilone, anti-cancer
Cremophor EL (CrEL) is a formulation vehicle used for various poorly-water soluble drugs, including the anticancer agent paclitaxel (Taxol).
In contrast to earlier reports, CrEL is not an inert vehicle, but exerts a range of biological effects, some of which have important clinical implications.
Cremophor EL's use has been associated with severe anaphylactoid hypersensitivity reactions, hyperlipidaemia, abnormal lipoprotein patterns, aggregation of erythrocytes and peripheral neuropathy.
The pharmacokinetic behaviour of CrEL is dose-independent, although its clearance is highly influenced by duration of the infusion.
This is particularly important since CrEL can affect the disposition of various drugs by changing the unbound drug concentration through micellar encapsulation.
In addition, it has been shown that CrEL, as an integral component of paclitaxel chemotherapy, modifies the toxicity profile of certain anticancer agents given concomitantly, by mechanisms other than kinetic interference.
A clear understanding of the biological and pharmacological role of CrEL is essential to help oncologists avoid side-effects associated with the use of paclitaxel or other agents using this vehicle.
With the present development of various new anticancer agents, it is recommended that alternative formulation approaches should be pursued to allow a better control of the toxicity of the treatment and the pharmacological interactions related to the use of CrEL.
Description of Cremophor EL:
Cremophor EL, a polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative, is a nonionic surfactant.
Cremophor EL is widely employed to improve dissolution and delivery of drugs.
Cremophor EL is a widely used excipient. In the first 10 h, Cremophor EL at 5 mg/mL increases the impedance, then decreases it, and after 20 h of treatment, epithelial cell death is detected.
Cremophor EL decreases cell viability and increases cell toxicity more than RH40.
Both epithelial viability and monolayer integrity are seriously impaired at 10 to 50 mg/mL concentrations of Cremophor EL at 24-h treatment.
Cremophor EL also enhances cell detachment.
Cremophor EL (CrEL, Kolliphor EL), a polyethoxylated surfactant, is a formulation vehicle used for various poorly-water soluble drugs, including the anticancer agent paclitaxel (Taxol).
Cremophor EL is used in severe anaphylactoid hypersensitivity reactions, hyperlipidaemia, abnormal lipoprotein patterns, aggregation of erythrocytes and peripheral neuropathy.
CAS No.61791-12-6
Chemical Name:Cremophor EL
SynonymsPEG-35 CASTOR OIL;polyoxyethylene castor oil;Polyoxy 35 castor oil;PEG-40 CASTOR OIL;Kolliphor? EL;Kolliphor? ELP;PEG-36 CASTOR OIL;PEG-50 CASTOR OIL;PEG-60 CASTOR OIL;PEG-10 CASTOR OIL
CBNumber:CB0750518
Molecular Formula:NULL
Molecular Weight:0
Cremophor EL is a synthetic, nonionic surfactant used to stabilize emulsions of nonpolar materials in water.
KEYWORDS:
61791-12-6, PEG-35 Castor Oil, Cremophor, Fatty acids castor-oil esters with ethoxylated glycerol, SCHEMBL830352, Castor Oil Fatty Acids Ethoxylated Glycerol Esters, oxirane;propane-1 2 3-triol, DTXSID00979565, Propane-1 2 3-triol--oxirane (1/1), MQ100
Chemical Properties of Cremophor EL:
Cremophor EL is a light yellow liquid.
Uses of Cremophor EL:
Polyoxyl 35 Castor Oil is a triglyceride fatty acid which has the potential to repel insects and promote plant growth.
Uses of Cremophor EL:
Cremophor EL has been used as a detergent to improve the solubility of dye and to increase the transmembrane permeation.
Cremophor EL has been used as a vehicle for drug/stimulant delivery in cells.
General Description of Cremophor EL:
Cremophor EL is a nonionic solubilizer and emulsifier made by reacting castor oil with ethylene oxide.
Cremophor EL is a pale yellow oily liquid that is clear at temperatures above 26°C.
Cremophor EL has a faint but characteristic odour.
Biochem/physiol Actions of Cremophor EL:
Cremophor EL is used in lipid-based formulations for drugs and solubilization of cosmetics.
Cremophor EL is suitable for the production of semi-solid and liquid formulations of water-insoluble actives and other hydrophobic compounds.
Due to Cremophor EL's emulsification functionality, it finds application in biological membrane- based drug transport studies.
Side effects of Cremophor EL:
Allergic reactions to Taxol are most often allergic reactions to Cremophor EL; symptoms include tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and similar reactions consistent with severe anaphylactic reactions.
Although many anti-allergens including corticosteroids and Benadryl may be administered before chemotherapy, they are not always sufficient to prevent the severe reaction to Cremophor EL.
Note that these should not be confused with the normal side effects of Taxol.
The allergic reaction is usually immediate and is similar to severe allergic reactions of many other substances that trigger allergic reactions.
Cremophor EL known as Kolliphor ELP.
Cremophor EL is an excipient or additive in drugs.
Therapeutically, modern drugs are rarely given in a pure chemical state, so most active ingredients are combined with excipients or additives such as Cremophor EL.
Cremophor EL is a solubilizer and emulsifier agent used in the pharmaceutical and foodstuff industries.
The solvent is the principal constituent of paclitaxel's clinical formulation vehicle.
Since mitotic recombination plays a crucial role in multistep carcinogenesis, the study of the recombinagenic potential of chemical compounds is of the utmost importance.
In our research genotoxicity of cremophor EL has been studied by using an uvsH//uvsH diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans.
Since it spends a great part of its cell cycle in the G2period, this fungus is a special screening system for the study of mitotic recombination induced by chemical substances.
Homozygotization Indexes (HI) for paba and bi markers from heterozygous B211//A837 diploid strain were determined for the evaluation of the recombinagenic effect of cremophor EL.
It has been shown that cremophor EL induces increase in mitotic crossing-over events at nontoxic concentrations (0.05 and 0.075% v/v).
Description of Cremophor EL:
Overview: A mixture of polyoxyethylated triglycerides, by reacting castor oil with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of 1 : 35, that acts as a nonionic surfactant and serves as a formulation vehicle (p.o. and i.v. administration) for poorly-water soluble pharmacological agents.
Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) ~: 12 - 14.
1 Set = 5 X 25 GM
Catalogue Number: 238470
Brand Family: Calbiochem
Synonyms: Polyoxyl 35 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Cremophor EL®
Cremophor EL is a non-ionic solubilizer and emulsifier that is made by reacting ethylene oxide with castor oil.
Cremophor EL is a pale yellow oily liquid consisting of a mixture of components, primarily polyethylene glycol conjugates.
Fatty acid esters of polyethyleneglycol are also present, as well as hydrophilic polyethylene glycols and ethoxylated glycerol.
It is present in intravenous formulations of the anticancer drugs teniposide and paclitaxel.
The paclitaxel formulation consists of 6 mg/ml in 50% ethanol and 50% Cremophor.
Thus, a patient receiving paclitaxel in the widely used dose of 175 mg/m2 will also receive about 14 ml/m2 of Cremophor.
Cremophor EL (CrEL) is a formulation vehicle used to improve solubility of various poorly-water soluble drugs, including the anticancer agent paclitaxel (Taxol).
In contrast to earlier reports, CrEL is not an inert vehicle, but exerts a range of biological effects, some of which have important clinical implications.
Cremophor EL's use has been associated with severe anaphylactoid hypersensitivity reactions, hyperlipidemia, abnormal lipoprotein patterns, aggregation of erythrocytes and peripheral neuropathy.
The pharmacokinetic behavior of CrEL is dose-independent, although its clearance is highly influenced by duration of the infusion.
This is particularly important since CrEL can affect the disposition of various drugs by changing the unbound drug concentration through micellar encapsulation.
Molecular Weight: 136.15
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 136.07355886
Monoisotopic Mass: 136.07355886
Topological Polar Surface Area: 73.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 35.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Product Information of Cremophor EL:
CAS number: 61791-12-6
CMC: ~0.02%
Form: Clear, pale yellow liquid
Quality Level: MQ100
Storage and Shipping Information of Cremophor EL:
Ship Code: Ambient, Blue Ice or Dry Ice
Toxicity: Standard Handling
Storage: REFRIGERATOR (+4°C)
Protect from Light: Protect from light
Do not freeze: Ok to freeze
Synonyms:
Cremophor EL
63393-92-0
Fatty acids, castor-oil, esters with ethoxylated glycerol
SCHEMBL830352
Castor Oil Fatty Acids, Ethoxylated Glycerol Esters
oxirane;propane-1,2,3-triol
DTXSID00979565
Propane-1,2,3-triol--oxirane (1/1)