E 900 = Dimethylpolysiloxane = Polydimethylsiloxane = PDMS = Dimethicone = Silicone oil
CAS number: 9006-65-9
Chemical formula: CH3)3-Si-[O-Si(CH3)2]n-O-Si(CH3)3
Molecular weight: 6,800 to 30,000 (average and approximate)
E 900, also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is a form of silicone used as an antifoaming agent in food.
E 900 is commonly used in frying oil due to its good defoaming effectiveness at high temperatures.
E 900 (PDMS), also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone, belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones.
E 900 is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer, as its versatility and properties lead to many applications.
Applications of E 900:
E 900 is used in protein chromatography and affininty chromatography.
E 900 was used to determine that postprandial inflammatory response after ingestion of heated oils in obese persons is reduced by the presence of phenol compounds.
E 900 is commonly used in vinegary-smelling silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants, a component in silicone grease and other silicone based lubricants, as well as in defoaming agents, mold release agents, damping fluids, heat transfer fluids, polishes, cosmetics, hair conditioners and in food.
E 900 can be directly patterned by surface-charge lithography.
E 900 is being used in the making of synthetic gecko adhesion dry adhesive materials, to date only in laboratory test quantities.
Some flexible electronics researchers use E 900 because of its low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility, and optical transparency.
Yet, for fluorescence imaging at different wavelengths, E 900 shows least autofluorescence and is comparable to BoroFloat glass.
In stereo lithography (SLA) 3D printing, light is projected onto photocuring resin to selectively cure it.
Some types of SLA printer are cured from the bottom of the tank of resin and therefore require the growing model to be peeled away from the base in order for each printed layer to be supplied with a fresh film of uncured resin.
A E 900 layer at the bottom of the tank assists this process by absorbing oxygen : the presence of oxygen adjacent to the resin prevents it adhering to the Dimethylpolysiloxane, and the optically clear PDMS permits the projected image to pass through to the resin undistorted.
Medicine and cosmetic applications of E 900:
Activated E 900, a mixture of polydimethylsiloxanes and silicon dioxide (sometimes called simethicone), is often used in over-the-counter drugs as an antifoaming agent and carminative.
E 900 has also been at least proposed for use in contact lenses.
Silicone breast implants are made out of a E 900 elastomer shell, to which fumed amorphous silica is added, encasing PDMS gel or saline solution.
In addition, E 900 is useful as a lice or flea treatment because of its ability to trap insects.
E 900 also works as a moisturizer that is lighter and more breathable than typical oils.
Skin applications of E 900:
E 900 is used variously in the cosmetic and consumer product industry as well.
For example, E 900 can be used in the treatment of head lice on the scalp and dimethicone is used widely in skin-moisturizing lotions where it is listed as an active ingredient whose purpose is "skin protection."
Some cosmetic formulations use E 900 and related siloxane polymers in concentrations of use up to 15%.
Hair applications of E 900:
E 900 compounds such as amodimethicone, are effective conditioners when formulated to consist of small particles and be soluble in water or alcohol/act as surfactants (especially for damaged hair), and are even more conditioning to the hair than common dimethicone and/or dimethicone copolyols.
A proposed use of E 900 is contact lens cleaning.
E 900's physical properties of low elastic modulus and hydrophobicity have been used to clean micro and nano pollutants from contact lens surfaces more effectively than multipurpose solution and finger rubbing; the researchers involved call the technique PoPPR (polymer on polymer pollution removal) and note that it is highly effective at removing nanoplastic that has adhered to lenses.
Flea treatment for pets:
E 900 is the active ingredient in a liquid applied to the back of the neck of a cat or dog from a small one time use dose disposable pipette.
The parasite becomes trapped and immoblised in the substance and thus breaks the life cycle of the insect.
Foods:
E 900 is added to many cooking oils (as an antifoaming agent) to prevent oil splatter during the cooking process.
As a result of this, E 900 can be found in trace quantities in many fast food items such as McDonald's Chicken McNuggets, french fries, hash browns, milkshakes and smoothies and Wendy's french fries.
Under European food additive regulations, Dimethylpolysiloxane is listed as E900.
E 900 is an anti-foaming agent derived from silicone found in a variety of foods, including cooking oil, vinegar, chewing gum, and chocolate.
E 900's added to oil to prevent it from bubbling up when frozen ingredients are added, so it improves the safety and life of the product.
While the risk of toxicity is considered low, E 900's not a chemical you'd ordinarily consider to be "food."
E 900's also found in putty, shampoo, and caulk, which are products you certainly wouldn't want to eat.
One ingredient that particularly caught my attention is E 900, also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
E 900 is a compound known as a silicone.
E 900’s a polymer – a large molecule made up of multiple smaller parts – that contains alternating silicon and oxygen atoms.
E 900 has a wide range of applications, such as skincare, shampoos, and lubricants.
E 900 is also found in food, where is it used an anti-foaming agent to prevent oil splatters during the cooking process.
Thus, E 900 is present in numerous fast food items, including those beloved McDonald’s French fries.
E 900 is more commonly known as a component of Silly Putty, a popular children’s toy with elastic properties.
Applications of E 900:
E 900 is a clear, colorless fluid polymer useful as a stationary phase in gas chromatography and as an anti-foaming agent.
E 900 is used in protein chromatography and affininty chromatography.
E 900 was used to determine that postprandial inflammatory response after ingestion of heated oils in obese persons is reduced by the presence of phenol compounds.
Condom lubricant:
E 900 is widely used as a condom lubricant.
E 900 is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties.
E 900 is optically clear and, in general, inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable.
E 900 is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane).
E 900's applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; Dimethylpolysiloxane is also present in shampoos (as it makes hair shiny and slippery), food (antifoaming agent), caulking, lubricants and heat-resistant tiles.
Applications of E 900:
E 900 is a common surfactant and is a component of defoamers.
E 900, in a modified form, is used as an herbicide penetrant and is a critical ingredient in water-repelling coatings, such as Rain-X.
Hydraulic fluids and related applications of Dimethylpolysiloxane:
E 900 is used in the active silicone fluid in automotive viscous limited slip differentials and couplings.
What is E 900?
E 900 also called dimethylpolysiloxane (food additive), polymethylsiloxane or dimethicone, is a silicon-based polymer used as a lubricant and conditioning agent.
E 900 functions as an anti-foaming agent, skin conditioning agent, occlusive and skin protectant.
E 900 is found in many cosmetic and hygiene products like nail polish, conditioners, make-up, contact lens solutions, sunscreens, deodorants, and shampoo.
Examples of products that contain E 900 include Lotion and Baby Cream.
Definition of E 900:
Dimethylpolysiloxane is made of two parts:
(CH3)2 SiO: fully methylated linear siloxane polymers composed of repeating units of the formula (CH3)2 SiO
(CH3)3 SiO: end-blocking trimethylsiloxy (CH3)3 SiO, with the stabilization function.
What’s the Application of E 900?
E 900's applications are widely such as in aerospace, aviation, food, chemical, metallurgy, medical and healthcare fields as most of the silicone products (such as silicone oil, silicone rubber, silicone resin) are obtained by the reaction of polydimethylsiloxanes with regulators, cross-linking agents, capping agents, etc.
E 900 has many excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high and low-temperature resistance, radiation resistance, oxidation resistance, high air permeability, weather resistance, mold release, hydrophobicity, and physiological inertness.
Food applications of E 900:
E 900 is commonly used as an antifoaming agent in cooking oils, processed foods, and fast food as it prevents the formation of foam on the surface of liquids by reducing the surface tension.
Usually, E 900's applied viscosity varies from 300 to 1,050 centistokes at 25 ºC in food.
Cosmetics applications of E 900:
Per the “European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients”, E 900 functions as an antifoaming, emollient, skin conditioning and skin protecting agent in cosmetic and personal care products.
We can find E 900 in shampoos, conditioners and skin care products.
E 900's common viscosity is 100 and 350 centistokes at 25 ºC.
What is E 900 Used for?
E 900 is a silicon-based organic polymer that can be used as an antifoaming agent in fruit and vegetable juices, also it is an anticaking agent in confectionery and flour products, and meanwhile an emulsifier in edible oils essentially free of water.
E 900 is a food-grade additive acts as an anti-foaming agent to protect their crew from excessive foaming, splashing or bubbling, which occurs when food is added to very hot oil.
E 900, also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is a form of silicone used as an antifoaming agent in food.
KEYWORDS:
9006-65-9, Dimethylpolysiloxane, Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS, Dimethicone, Silicone oil, DSSTox_RID_77201, DSSTox_GSID_23833, CHEMBL3182512, DTXSID40274001
Authorised Uses of E 900:
The following foods may contain E 900:
-Oils and fats for frying
-Chewing gum
-Batters
-Soups and broths
-Pineapple juice
-Flavoured drinks
-Cider and perry
-Fruit or vegetable spreads
-Decorations, coatings and fillings
-Canned or bottled fruit and vegetables
-Food supplements in effervescent tablet form
-Confectionery including breath freshening microsweets
-Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut purée
Also, E 900 can be used:
-as a carrier in glazing agents for fruit
-in all flavourings
-In preparations of beta-carotene and lycopene
Currently, dimethylpolysiloxane (E 900) is an authorized food additive, used as an antifoaming agent in foods:
-Fats and oils essentially free from water (excluding anhydrous milk fat)
-Other fat and oil emulsions including spreads and liquid emulsions
-Canned or bottled fruit and vegetables
-Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut purée.
-Other similar fruit or vegetable spreads
-Other confectionery including breath freshening microsweets
-Chewing gum
-Decorations, coatings and fillings, except fruit‐based fillings
-Batters
-Soups and broths
-Fruit juices and vegetable juices
-Flavored drinks
-Cider and perry
Structure of E 900:
The chemical formula for E 900 is CH3[Si(CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3, where n is the number of repeating monomer [SiO(CH3)2] units.
Branching and capping:
Hydrolysis of Si(CH3)2Cl2 generates a polymer that is terminated with silanol groups (−Si(CH3)2OH]).
These reactive centers are typically "capped" by reaction with trimethylsilyl chloride:
2 Si(CH3)3Cl + [Si(CH3)2O]n−2[Si(CH3)2OH]2 → [Si(CH3)2O]n−2[Si(CH3)2O Si(CH3)3]2 + 2 HCl
Silane precursors with more acid-forming groups and fewer methyl groups, such as methyltrichlorosilane, can be used to introduce branches or cross-links in the polymer chain.
Under ideal conditions, each molecule of such a compound becomes a branch point.
E 900 can be used to produce hard silicone resins.
In a similar manner, precursors with three methyl groups can be used to limit molecular weight, since each such molecule has only one reactive site and so forms the end of a siloxane chain.
Well-defined PDMS with a low polydispersity index and high homogeneity is produced by controlled anionic ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane.
Using this methodology it is possible to synthesize linear block copolymers, heteroarm star-shaped block copolymers and many other macromolecular architectures.
The polymer is manufactured in multiple viscosities, ranging from a thin pourable liquid (when n is very low), to a thick rubbery semi-solid (when n is very high).
E 900 molecules have quite flexible polymer backbones (or chains) due to their siloxane linkages, which are analogous to the ether linkages used to impart rubberiness to polyurethanes.
Such flexible chains become loosely entangled when molecular weight is high, which results in E 900 unusually high level of viscoelasticity.
Mechanical properties of E 900:
E 900 is viscoelastic, meaning that at long flow times (or high temperatures), Dimethylpolysiloxane acts like a viscous liquid, similar to honey.
However, at short flow times (or low temperatures), E 900 acts like an elastic solid, similar to rubber.
Viscoelasticity is a form of nonlinear elasticity that is common amongst noncrystalline polymers.
The loading and unloading of a stress-strain curve for E 900 do not coincide; rather, the amount of stress will vary based on the degree of strain, and the general rule is that increasing strain will result in greater stiffness.
When the load itself is removed, the strain is slowly recovered (rather than instantaneously).
This time-dependent elastic deformation results from the long-chains of the polymer.
But the process that is described above is only relevant when cross-linking is present; when it is not, the polymer E 900 cannot shift back to the original state even when the load is removed, resulting in a permanent deformation.
However, permanent deformation is rarely seen in PDMS, since E 900 is almost always cured with a cross-linking agent.
If some E 900 is left on a surface overnight (long flow time), it will flow to cover the surface and mold to any surface imperfections.
However, if the same E 900 is poured into a spherical mold and allowed to cure (short flow time), it will bounce like a rubber ball.
The mechanical properties of E 900 enable this polymer to conform to a diverse variety of surfaces.
Since these properties are affected by a variety of factors, this unique polymer is relatively easy to tune.
This enables E 900 to become a good substrate that can easily be integrated into a variety of microfluidic and microelectromechanical systems.
Specifically, the determination of mechanical properties can be decided before E 900 is cured; the uncured version allows the user to capitalize on myriad opportunities for achieving a desirable elastomer.
Generally, the cross-linked cured version of E 900 resembles rubber in a solidified form.
E 900 is widely known to be easily stretched, bent, compressed in all directions.
Depending on the application and field, the user is able to tune the properties based on what is demanded.
E 900 has a low elastic modulus which enables it to be easily deformed and results in the behavior of a rubber.
Viscoelastic properties of E 900 can be more precisely measured using dynamic mechanical analysis.
This method requires determination of the material's flow characteristics over a wide range of temperatures, flow rates, and deformations.
Because of E 900's chemical stability, it is often used as a calibration fluid for this type of experiment.
The shear modulus of E 900 varies with preparation conditions, and consequently dramatically varies in the range of 100 kPa to 3 MPa.
The loss tangent is very low (tan δ ≪ 0.001).
Chemical compatibility:
E 900 is hydrophobic.
Plasma oxidation can be used to alter the surface chemistry, adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface.
Atmospheric air plasma and argon plasma will work for this application.
This treatment renders the E 900 surface hydrophilic, allowing water to wet it.
The oxidized surface can be further functionalized by reaction with trichlorosilanes.
After a certain amount of time, recovery of the surface's hydrophobicity is inevitable, regardless of whether the surrounding medium is vacuum, air, or water; the oxidized surface is stable in air for about 30 minutes.
Alternatively, for applications where long-term hydrophilicity is a requirement, techniques such as hydrophilic polymer grafting, surface nanostructuring, and dynamic surface modification with embedded surfactants can be of use.
Solid E 900 samples (whether surface-oxidized or not) will not allow aqueous solvents to infiltrate and swell the material.
Thus E 900 structures can be used in combination with water and alcohol solvents without material deformation.
However most organic solvents will diffuse into the material and cause it to swell.
Despite this, some organic solvents lead to sufficiently small swelling that they can be used with E 900, for instance within the channels of PDMS microfluidic devices.
The swelling ratio is roughly inversely related to the solubility parameter of the solvent.
Solvents such as acetone, 1-propanol, and pyridine swell the material to a small extent.
Alcohols and polar solvents such as methanol, glycerol and water do not swell the material appreciably.
Soft lithography:
E 900 is commonly used as a stamp resin in the procedure of soft lithography, making it one of the most common materials used for flow delivery in microfluidics chips.
The process of soft lithography consists of creating an elastic stamp, which enables the transfer of patterns of only a few nanometers in size onto glass, silicon or polymer surfaces.
With this type of technique, E 900 is possible to produce devices that can be used in the areas of optic telecommunications or biomedical research.
The stamp is produced from the normal techniques of photolithography or electron-beam lithography.
The resolution depends on the mask used and can reach 6 nm.
The popularity of E 900 in microfluidics area is due to its excellent mechanical properties.
Moreover, compared to other materials, E 900 possesses superior optical properties, allowing for minimal background and autofluorescence during for fluorescent imaging.
In biomedical (or biological) microelectromechanical systems (bio-MEMS), soft lithography is used extensively for microfluidics in both organic and inorganic contexts.
Silicon wafers are used to design channels, and E 900 is then poured over these wafers and left to harden.
When removed, even the smallest of details is left imprinted in the E 900.
With this particular E 900 block, hydrophilic surface modification is conducted using plasma etching techniques.
Plasma treatment disrupts surface silicon-oxygen bonds, and a plasma-treated glass slide is usually placed on the activated side of the E 900 (the plasma-treated, now hydrophilic side with imprints).
Once activation wears off and bonds begin to reform, silicon-oxygen bonds are formed between the surface atoms of the glass and the surface atoms of the E 900, and the slide becomes permanently sealed to the PDMS, thus creating a waterproof channel.
With these devices, researchers can utilize various surface chemistry techniques for different functions creating unique lab-on-a-chip devices for rapid parallel testing.
E 900 can be cross-linked into networks and is a commonly used system for studying the elasticity of polymer networks.
InChI key: SEUDSDUUJXTXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
viscosity: 500 cSt(25 °C)(lit.)
InChI: 1S/C2H6OSi/c1-4(2)3/h1-2H3
mol wt: ~17,250
Quality Level: 100
CAS Number: 9006-65-9
ECHA InfoCard: 100.126.442
E number: E900 (glazing agents, ...)
UNII: 92RU3N3Y1O
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID0049573
Chemical formula: (C2H6OSi)n
Density: 965 kg/m3
Description of E 900:
E 900 belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones.
E 900 is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer, and is particularly known for its unusual rheological properties.
E 900 is optically clear, and, in general, is considered to be inert, non-toxic and non-flammable.
E 900's applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers.
E 900 is present, also, in shampoos, caulking, lubricating oils, and heat-resistant tiles.
Chemical Properties of E 900:
Appearance : Colourless liquid
Boiling Point: 155-220°C
CAS Number: 9016-00-6
HS Code: 39100000
IUPAC Name: Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Melting Point: -35°C
Molecular Formula: (C2H6OSi)n
RTECS Number: TQ2690000
Refractive: n20/D 1.4035
Solubility: Insoluble
Synonyms: Polydimethylsiloxane, Trimethylsiloxy Term;Polydimethylsiloxane, Trimethylsiloxy Terminated, Blend;Polydimethylsiloxanes, Trimethylsiloxy Terminated;Silicone Fluid;Silicone Fluid, 100;Silicone Fluid 1,000;Silicone Fluid 500;Aeropax; E900;PDMS;Dimethicone
What is E 900 made of?
E 900 is an anti-foaming agent derived from silicone found in a variety of foods, including cooking oil, vinegar, chewing gum, and chocolate.
E 900’s added to oil to prevent it from bubbling up when frozen ingredients are added, so it improves the safety and life of the product.
What is E 900 used in?
E 900 functions as an anti-foaming agent, skin conditioning agent, occlusive and skin protectant.
E 900 is found in many cosmetic and hygiene products like nail polish, conditioners, make-up, contact lens solutions, sunscreens, deodorants, and shampoo.
Is E 900 natural?
More commonly known as Dimethylpolysiloxane, E 900 is a silicon-based synthetic polymer (so plastic, basically) that’s used as an anti-foaming and anti-caking agent and emulsifier in processed foods.
What is E 900 in food?
Dimethylpolysiloxane, also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is a form of silicone used as an antifoaming agent in food with the European food additive number E900.
E 900 is commonly used in frying oil due to its good defoaming effectiveness at high temperatures.
How do you make polysiloxane?
Linear polysiloxane can be synthesized by both anionic and cationic polymerizations of cyclic siloxanes such as hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (n = 3) and octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane (n = 4).
Anionic polymerization is initiated by hydroxide, alkoxides, phenolates, silanolates and siloxoanolates.
How is polysiloxane made?
Silicone synthesis typically involves the hydrolysis of chlorosilanes into linear or cyclic siloxane oligomers, which are then polymerized into polysiloxanes by polycondensation or polymerization, respectively.
The most common polysiloxane is linear poly(dimethylsiloxane).
What is polysiloxane paint?
The secret to the performance of polysiloxane coatings can be found in their chemistry — a string of powerful silicone-oxygen bonds.
When polysiloxane polymers are created, each silicone atom is bonded to two or three oxygen atoms, causing the silicone to be 50 to 75% oxidized when the coating is formulated.
What is the chemical formula for E 900?
The chemical formula for E 900 is CH 3[Si(CH 3) 2O] nSi(CH 3) 3, where n is the number of repeating monomer [SiO(CH 3) 2] units.
What is dimethylpolysiloxane (E 900)?
Currently, dimethylpolysiloxane (E 900) is an authorized food additive, used as an antifoaming agent in foods: Fats and oils essentially free from water (excluding anhydrous milk fat) Other fat and oil emulsions including spreads and liquid emulsions
What is the chemical formula for Sugar Sugar?
C12H22O11 is the chemical or molecular formula for sucrose, meaning each sugar molecule contains 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen and 11 atoms of oxygen.
What are the 3 elements in the formula for sugar?
Therefore, all carbohydrates, including sugar, contain the same three elements: carbon, oxygen and hydrogen.
Domestic and niche uses of E 900:
Many people are indirectly familiar with E 900 because it is an important component in Silly Putty, to which PDMS imparts its characteristic viscoelastic properties.
Another toy E 900 is used in is Kinetic Sand.
The rubbery, vinegary-smelling silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants are also well-known.
E 900 is also used as a component in silicone grease and other silicone based lubricants, as well as in defoaming agents, mold release agents, damping fluids, heat transfer fluids, polishes, cosmetics, hair conditioners and other applications.
E 900 can be used as a sorbent for the analysis of headspace (dissolved gas analysis) of food.
Safety and environmental considerations:
According to Ullmann's Encyclopedia, no "marked harmful effects on organisms in the environment" have been noted for siloxanes.
E 900 is nonbiodegradable, but is absorbed in waste water treatment facilities.
E 900 degradation is catalyzed by various clays.
How is E 900 Made?
E 900 is produced by hydrolysis of a mixture of dimethyldichlorosilane and a small quantity of trimethylchlorosilane.
Synonym(s): Polydimethylsiloxane
CAS Number: 9016-00-6
MDL number: MFCD00084411
PubChem Substance ID: 24894362
NACRES: NA.25
IUPAC name:
poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Other names:
PDMS
dimethicone
dimethylpolysiloxane
E900
E 900 can be used to treat inflammatory conditions of the esophagus as well as inflammatory and ulcerative conditions of the digestive tract.
Appearance:
E 900 is a clear, colourless, viscous liquid.
Solubility:
As E 900 has no polarity, it is insoluble in polar substances, such as water and in ethanol while soluble in non-polar materials, like in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, toluene and other organic solvents.
Is E 900 Halal?
Yes, E 900 is recognised as halal.
Is E 900 Kosher?
Yes, E 900 is kosher pareve. It has met all the “kashruth” requirements.
Is E 900 Gluten free?
Yes, E 900 is gluten free according to FDA that it does not contain wheat, rye, barley, or crossbreeds of these grains.
Is E 900 Vegan?
Generally, E 900 is vegan as the manufacturing process without the use of animal matter or products derived from animal origin.
So E 900 is considered vegan and vegetarians can eat the food with it.
Conclusion:
Now you may have a knowledge of the antifoaming agent – Dimethylpolysiloxane (E900), from the following aspects:
-Manufacturing process
-Uses and functions in food
-Safety and possible side effects
-FAQs
E 900 Can Contain Formaldehyde
The FDA allows E 900 to be preserved by several different chemicals that don’t have to be listed on the label either, including formaldehyde! Formaldehyde is one of the most highly toxic substances on earth.
E 900 is linked to allergies, brain damage, cancer, and auto-immune disorders.
Food Category and Maximum Level
Ready-for-consumption Food: 10 mg/kg
Milk: 0
dry gelatin dessert mixes: 110 mg/kg
ready-to-serve dessert: 16 mg/kg
salt for cooking purposes: 250 mg/kg
Cooked food: 10 mg/kg
Functions of E 900:
1. Anti-caking Agent - Prevents lumps from forming in food due to excess water.
They usually function as a water repellent or by absorbing excess moisture.
2. Anti-foaming Agent / Defoamer - Reduces or hinders the formation of foam.
3. Drug / Medicine - Treats, alleviate, cure, or prevents sickness.
As officially declared by a governmental drug/medicine regulatory body
4. Emollient - Softens and soothes the skin.
Prevents water (moisture) loss from the skin.
5. Lubricant - Prevents or reduces friction
6. Surfactant - Reduces the surface tension to allow mixtures to be formed evenly.
Emulsifier is a specific type of surfactant which allows two liquids to mix together evenly
E 900 (also called polymethylsiloxane) is a silicon-based polymer used as a lubricant and conditioning agent.
E 900's applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; it is also present in shampoos (as dimethicone makes hair shiny and slippery), food (antifoaming agent), caulking, lubricants and heat-resistant tiles.
Activated E 900, a mixture of polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) and silicon dioxide (sometimes called simethicone), is often used in over-the-counter drugs as an antifoaming agent.
E 900 is used variously in the cosmetic and consumer product industry as well.
For example, E 900 can be used in the treatment of head lice on the scalp and dimethicone is used widely in skin-moisturizing lotions where it is listed as an active ingredient whose purpose is "skin protection."
Some cosmetic formulations use E 900 and related siloxane polymers in concentrations of use up to 15%.
E 900 compounds such as amodimethicone, are effective conditioners when formulated to consist of small particles and be soluble in water or alcohol/act as surfactants (especially for damaged hair), and are even more conditioning to the hair than common dimethicone and/or dimethicone copolyols.
E 900 is approved to use as food additive in EU (E900A).
Chemical Name: Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Synonyms: Dimethylpolysiloxane
CAS Number: 63148-62-9
Molecular Formula: (C₂H₆OSi)n
Appearance: Colourless Oil
Storage: Refrigerator
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Toluene (Sparingly)
Category: Building Blocks; Monomers;
Applications: Poly(dimethylsiloxane) is a polymeric organosilicon compound with application in cooking, medicine and bioengineering.
Recent Findings:
- Short-term dermal dosing of dimethicone on rabbits in concentrations ranging from 6-79% resulted in no adverse effects.
E 900 was also given orally/dermally to rats, rabbits and monkeys and other than a minor decrease in body weight, no adverse effects were detected.
E 900 was negative for all reproductive and developmental toxicity studies and in all genotoxicity assays.
Even an oral dose of 91% given to mice showed no signs of carcinogenicity.
- E 900 is also used to improve gastrointestinal tolerability of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ketoprofen.
E 900 prevents gastric lesions and does not alter the bioavailability (the % of drug absorbed) of the drug.
- 4% Dimethicone solutions is also used to cure head louse infections in 89 out of 127 (70%) participants.
In a similar study, 141 out of 145 (97%) of children aged 5-15 were cleared of head louse infections after application of a dimethicone solution for 9 days.
- Environmentally, >99% of dimethicone is removed via sewage sludge, which is then incinerated to produce inorganic silica, water and carbon dioxide.
Biological degradation involves dimethicone coming in contact with "clay minerals" in the soil which also results in silica, water and carbon dioxide.
Overall, dimethicone is generally safe even in high doses.
Dimethylpolysiloxane is an effective pediculicide (substance used to treat lice) and it alleviates the side-effects of NSAIDs.
Lastly, E 900 decomposes easily to mild substances.
E 900 (or polydimethylsiloxane) is a product of an industrial chemical process that is partially derived from silicone.
E 900 may be found by most people to have a vinegar-like smell and is most associated with its presence in such commercial products as grease, silicone lubricants, mold expulsion agents, polishes, bathroom caulk / sealants, de-foaming agents and cosmetic products.
Additionally, dimethylpolysiloxane can be found in small amounts in the food we eat.
These silicone polymers are well-known for being non-biodegradable.
To put into perspective, E 900 could take dimethylpolysiloxane as much as one hundred years to fully decompose.
Thus, the non-biodegradable characteristic of E 900 serves as a good food preservative.
The production process that yields dimethylpolysiloxane has a combination of many chemicals that are considered “less than safe” for human consumption.
However, these potential precursors are quantitatively insignificant and have not been proven to cause any adverse effects to the human body.
The truth is that the foods in which E 900 are contained, as a whole, are terrible for the wellness of the body when consumed excessively.
E 900 is most often lurking in the fast-food joints, inside your made to order ‘heart attack in a bag’.
In other words, E 900 is the least of all the dreadful ingredients in foods “ready-for-consumption”.
Other names:
Polydimethyl siloxane
Silicone fluid
Silicone oil
Dimethyl silicone
Dimethyloxosilane
dimethylsilanone
dimethyl(oxo)silane
47956-45-6
9016-00-6
Silane, dimethyloxo-
Silane,dimethyloxo- (9CI)
EINECS 256-344-9
Dimethyl polysiloxane
DSSTox_CID_3833
DSSTox_RID_77201
DSSTox_GSID_23833
Polydimethylsiloxane (silicone)
CHEMBL3182512
DTXSID40274001
Tox21_302437
ZINC169746144
NCGC00255308-01
CAS-9016-00-6
FT-0696318
(6-7% Diphenylsiloxane)-(0.1-0.2% vinylmethylsiloxane)-(dimethylsiloxane) copolymer@CRLFMFCD00284853
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me, hydroxy-terminated
Dimethylpolysiloxane
Polydimethylsiloxane fluid
63148-60-7
70131-67-8
polydimethylsiloxane (Mw > 6800 Da)
Polydimethylsiloxanes
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me
Baysilon
Dimethicone
DiMethyl Polysiloxane
dimethyl polysiloxane
DIMETHYL POLYSILOXANE (ME TERM)
dimethyl silicone
dimethyl silicone oil
DIMETHYL SILICONES AND SILOXANES
Dimethyl siloxane
dimethyl siloxane
Dimethyl siloxanes and silicones
dimethyl(oxo)silane
dimethyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane
Dimethylepolysiloxane
Dimethylpolysiloxane
Dimethylsilicone
dimethylsiloxane
Dimethylsiloxane trimethylsiloxane terminated
Dimethylsiloxane, trymethylsilyloxy terminated
Monomers of Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Methyl
Polidimetylosiloksan
Poly dimethyl siloxanes
poly(dimethylsilooxane)
POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE)
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Polydimethyisiloxane
polydimethyl siloxane
Polydimethylsiloxan
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE
Polydimethylsiloxane
Polydimethylsiloxane,linear
Polydimethylsiloxanes
Polydimetylsiloxan
Polysiloxanes, di-Me
Silicon oil
Silicone antifoam 1430
Silicone Oil
Siloxane
Siloxane, dimethyl
Siloxanes
siloxanes and other silicones (polydimethylsiloxane)
SILOXANES AND SILICONES, DI-ME
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me (CTS) (MAN)
Siloxanes and Silicones, di-Me(Polydimethylsiloxanes(PDMS))
Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl
α,ω-trimethylsilyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane
Dimethylpolysiloxane
MED-360
Dimethicone
Dimethylpolysiloxane
Dimethylpolysiloxane Hydrolyzate (Silicone Oil)
KF96
Poly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], α-[trimethylsilyl]-ω-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]
Polydimethyisiloxane
Polydimethylsiloxan
Polydimethylsiloxane
Polydimethylsiloxane "Silicone Silbione fluids
Polydimethysiloxane Polymer
Polydimetylsiloxan
Silicone oil
12648-49-6
12684-12-7
1471301-69-5
1669409-87-3
1669410-33-6
167748-54-1
2028348-45-8
2161362-23-6
37221-45-7
39476-41-0
53125-20-5
63148-62-9
83047-13-6
9049-10-9
9076-36-2