E452i = Sodium Hexametaphosphate = SHMP
EC / List no.: 233-343-1
CAS no.: 10124-56-8
Mol. formula: H6O18P6.6Na
Formula Weight: 611.77
E452i is also called sodium Hexametaphosphate is used as a sequestrant and has applications in a variety of ways.
E452i is used as a water softening agent, in detergents, used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types
E452i is very effective on grease and greasy soil.
E452i helps clean and stops the greasy soil from redepositing on fabric.
E452i, as one of the most widely used water treatment agent, is necessary for industrial water, domestic water and waste water disposal.
E452i is soluble in water, the aqueous solution is alkaline and the PH value of 1% aqueous solution is 9.7.
E452i can be gradually hydrolyzed into phosphite in water, which makes it have a good ability of complexing metal ions, which can be complexed with calcium, magnesium, iron and some other metal ions to form a soluble complex.
E452i is only used to overcome the res water phenomenon previously, and has been slowly developed to be used in many other fields, such as, water treatment, food processing, mining, drilling, printing and dyeing, refractories industries.
E452i uses in water treatment includes water for dye production, titanium dioxide production, water for printing and dyeing, water for color film copy cleaning, water for chemical industry, water softener for pharmaceutical and reagent production and water treatment agents for industrial circulating cooling water.
E452i can also be used as corrosion inhibitor, flotation agent, dispersing agent, high temperature binder, dyeing aid, etc
Also E452i is applied to the surface treatment, such as, antirust agent, detergent additive, cement hardening accelerator, pulp diffuser to increase permeability, as well as wash utensils and chemical fibers to remove iron ions in the pulp.
In the petroleum industry, E452i is used to prevent the rust of drill pipes and control the viscosity of mud during the oil drilling process.
E452i is used as sequestering agent.
E452i is used in the industry of soap, detergents, water treatment, metal finishing and plating, pulp and paper manufacture, synthesis of polymers, photographic products, textiles, scale removal and agriculture.
The salt forms of phosphate polymers is used as a sequestering agent.
As phosphate polymers themselves are hydrated in water at high temperature or high pH, and thereby revert to a more simple and stable phosphate form, which can no longer sequester metal ions.
E452i also known as SHMP is a white, odorless solid hexamer.
E452i is easily soluble in hot and cold water, and is insoluble in organic solvents.
E452i uses: E452i is Food additive, sequestrant in water softening and detergents, an active ingredient in toothpastes and as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soils.
CAS# (10124-56-8)
Applications of E452i:
E452i is a food additive used in dairy product, canned milk, packaged egg whites, ice cream, seafood and meat processing.
E452i is also used as a sequestrant and water softening agent and detergents.
E452i is an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining agent.
E452i prevents the steel corrosion.
Further, E452i is used in building, water treatment and in photographic developing.
In addition, E452i is used as a retarder in dental alginate impression materials and as a thinner for petroleum drilling fluids.
E452i (SHMP) is miscible in water but insoluble in organic solvents.
This sequestrant, thickener, emulsifier and texturizer is used in a variety of foods.
The phosphorus in the additive helps to prevent mineral corrosion (calcium, iron salts, magnesium, etc.).
E452i is a food additive and a softening agent for water and detergents.
E452i can also be found in leathers, clays and pigments, and personal care products such as toothpaste.
E452i, also known as its abbreviation SHMP, a polyphosphate commonly used in dairy products, sausage, seafood, meat processing, toothpaste, and also in water treatment.
The European food additive number for it is E452i.
Generally, E452i's purpose in food is as a texturizer, sequestrant, thickener, and emulsifier.
E452i (SHMP) is an inorganic compound of sodium salt and hexaphosphoric acid.
E452i is sometimes called Sodium Polymetaphosphate, which stands for a more correct chemical term, but is rarely used among manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors.
In general, all applications of E452i fall into two grades: food grade and industrial/tech grade.
E452i is used in a variety of food products and is labeled as E452i, although it is generally recognized as safe when applied in foods.
Due to its characteristics of sequestrant, thickener, emulsifier, and texturizer, E452i can be found in many daily products
E452i (Food Grade) is in the form of white powder, white fine powder, white granular or colourless piece.
In the food industry E452i is used as a sequestrant, quality improver or moisture binding strength in the case of many food treatments.
Applications for E452i include cheese powders and dips, breakfast cereals, beer and bottled beverages, imitation cheese, frozen dessert, packaged eggs, artificial maple syrup, sausages, seafood and meat processing.
E452i (SHMP) is a salt of composition Na6[(PO3)6].
E452i of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.
Such a mixture is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.
E452i is white solid that dissolves in water.
Uses of E452i:
SHMP is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to E452i to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.
A significant use for sodium hexametaphosphate is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.
E452i is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types for soil texture assessment.
E452i is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient
E452i as food additive:
As a food additive, E452i is used as an emulsifier.
Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled drinks, among other foods, can contain E452i.
Preparation of E452i:
E452i is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding E452i:
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O followed by rapid cooling.
Reactions of E452i:
SHMP hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.
History of E452i:
Hexametaphosphoric acid was named in 1849 by the German chemist Theodor Fleitmann.
By 1956, chromatographic analysis of hydrolysates of Graham's salt (sodium polyphosphate) indicated the presence of cyclic anions containing more than four phosphate groups; these findings were confirmed in 1961.
In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke succeeded in preparing sodium hexametaphosphate by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate.
One of the most common applications of E452i Tech grade is water treatment, where it acts as a sequestrant, water softening, deflocculating, dispersing and antiscale agent.
Basically, it is aimed to prevent the steel and mineral corrosion.
A particular case of E452i use is the case of when it is added into a boiler compound to settle calcium hardness down in factory boiler waters with high calcium level.
Industrial applications of E452i are numerous and some of them appear to be helpful in diverse domains with one and the same property.
Due to E452i's anti-staining and tartar prevention capabilities, SHMP is successfully used as an active ingredient in toothpaste and other tooth whitening products, and it is also added to dog foods for the same reason.
E452i is used to stabilize the emulsion and to improve the corrosion inhibition in the paint and coating industry.
During the production, E452i acts as a dispersing agent affecting the pigment particles and increasing the protection properties of a product.
This formulation allows the formation of a thin film which is useful in paper making industry and in metallurgy as well.
In addition, E452i can usually be found in detergent formulations and such products like dishwashers, bath salts, and soaps.
E452i, also referred to as SHMP, Graham's Salt, Sodium Polymetaphosphate, or just Hex, is an additive in a variety of foods and beverages and commonly used for thickening, emulsifying, and adding texture.
E452i is vegan, kosher, and gluten-free.
E452i is a multi-purpose sequestrant and is a versatile ingredient to have on hand for your culinary creations.
E452i is a white, odorless powder used to thicken, emulsify, or add texture to foods, beverages, pet-related goods, and personal care products, and its additionally used in certain methods of chelation.
E452i can be added to an assortment of food, beverage, and personal care applications such as syrups, canned milk, powdered and imitation cheese products, whipped toppings, dips, packaged egg whites and other proteins, jellies, frozen desserts, dressings, cereals, beverages, bath products, cosmetics, pet food, and more.
Additionally, E452i is an ingredient that is commonly added to fruit juices that contain pulp to help prevent the pulp from settling at the bottom.
E452i (SHMP) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO3)6.
E452i is a water-soluble polyphosphate glass, which consists of a distribution of polyphosphate chain lengths.
E452i's high degree of solubility separates it from other sodium phosphates.
Additionally, E452i is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates that are available in glassy, granular, or powdered forms in the marketplace.
E452i is used in a wide range of applications.
E452i is available in two different grades: food grade and technical grade.
E452i of technical grade is widely utilized as a water softener in water treatment plants, construction material companies, petroleum companies (as a deflocculating agent), and metallurgical applications.
E452i is also utilized in the chemical industry as a dispersing agent, floatation agent, and high-temperature adhesive as well as in the production of titanium dioxide.
E452i of food grade is utilized in the food & beverages industry as sequestrate and as a preservative adjunct in beverages, dairy products, and other miscellaneous food items.
What is E452i?
E452i is a hexamer of sodium phosphate (NaPO3)6.
E452i is a water-soluble polyphosphate that consists of chains of six repeating phosphate units.
What is E452i Made of?
E452i is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one.
E452i is more correctly called sodium polymetaphosphate.
How is E452i Made?
E452i is an inorganic polyphosphate that can be produced by chemical synthesis.
Here introducing three manufacturing process according to various raw materials:
1. Sodium chloride and phosphoric acid
Sodium chloride and phosphoric acid as raw materials mixed evenly and subjected to melt polymerization.
2. Caustic soda and phosphoric acid
Caustic soda liquid reacts with phosphoric acid, and then add sodium nitrate, dewatering and agglomerating process are conducted in an agglomeration gasifier.
3. Monosodium orthophosphate
By heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate and then still heating.
The following is the reaction equation:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
3 Na2H2P2O7 → (NaPO3)6 + 3 H2O
Specifications of E452i:
Other Names of E452i:
Calgon S, Glassy sodium, Graham’s salt, Hexasodium metaphosphate, Sodium tetrapolyphosphate, Sodium polyphosphates, glassy, Sodium polymetaphosphate, Sodium metaphosphate
CAS Number: 10124-56-8
Chemical formula of E452i:
E452i is to describe polyphosphate with four or more phosphate units.
Here E452i has six phosphate units with the chemical formula (NaPO3)6.
E452i is a white powder that is water soluble.
E452i is a food additive used as a curing agent, emulsifier and sequestrate.
E452i is used in cheese, sour creams, yogurts, ice-creams, whipped topping, artificial maple syrup, packaged egg whites, frozen desserts, gelatin desserts, salad dressing, breakfast cereal, fruit jelly, packaged vegetables, cured meats, roast beef, seafood, fish fillets, herring, milk-based beverages, and in dough and flour mixes.
E452i is primarily used as an emulsifier, texturizer in many foods and as an anti-staining agent in toothpaste.
Though E452i’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.
What Is E452i?
E452i (Food Grade) is in the form of white powder, white fine powder, white granular or colorless piece.
In the food industry E452i is used as a sequesdtrant and quality improver.
Applications for E452i include cheese powders and dips, breakfast cereals, beer and bottled beverages, imitation cheese, frozen dessert, packaged eggs and artificial maple syrup.
E452i can efficiently sequestrate alkali metals and help in black and red water control.
This, in turn, is driving the demand for sodium hexametaphosphate in water treatment plants and thereby, promoting growth of the global sodium hexametaphosphate market.
Growing food & beverages industry in various developing as well as developed countries is expected to boost the demand for sodium hexametaphosphate during the forecast period.
This is another key factor expected to drive the global sodium hexametaphosphate market during the forecast period.
Additionally, recent changes in lifestyle of people have given rise to a drastic shift in terms of consumption of confectionery and easily accessible functional foods.
In order to address this shift, manufacturers are offering food and beverage products with long shelf life as well as high nutritional value.
Also, the food industry requires ingredients that can act as an emulsifier, thickener, or texturizer.
This factor is estimated to drive the global market for sodium hexametaphosphate during the forecast period.
Additionally, the demand for sodium hexametaphosphate for use in the production of detergents and cleaners as well as titanium dioxide is rising across the globe
E452i is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates that is available in granular, glassy or powdered forms in the market.
E452i has a diverse portfolio of applications that can be explained by its availability in the two different grades- technical and food grade.
In its technical grade, E452i is widely used as a water softener in water treatment plants, metallurgy and construction material industries and petroleum industries as a deflocculating agent.
Besides these applications, E452i is also used in chemical industries as a floatation agent, dispersing agent, high temperature adhesive and in the production of titanium dioxide.
As a food grade chemical, E452i is used in food and beverage industry as a sequestrant and preservative adjunct in dairy, beverage and other miscellaneous food items.
Global awareness for eco-friendly industrial processes and sustainable development is rising which has sufficiently resulted in a much needed rise in establishment of water treatment plants to prevent the global threats of water scarcity in coming years and provide safe and clean water to consumers.
E452i can very efficiently sequestrate alkali metals and can also help in red and black water control.
This is driving a huge demand for the chemical E452i in water treatment plants and consequently leading to the growth of sodium hexametaphosphate market.
Recent changes in lifestyle patterns have resulted in a drastic shift of consumption to confectionery and easily available functional foods.
To cater this shift, manufacturers are producing food and beverages that have long shelf life and are nutritious at the same time.
Besides these properties, food industry also needs ingredients that can act as thickener, emulsifier or texturizer.
As a result, the market for E452i has seen a huge spike of growth for being applicable in food industry for the above mentioned applications.
E452i is used as a water softening agent, in detergents, used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types
KEYWORDS:
233-343-1, 10124-56-8, Sodium Hexametaphosphate, SHMP, SODIUMHEXAMETAPHOSPHATE, UNII-N40N91DW96, N40N91DW96, Chemi-charl, Medi-Calgon, Calgon S
Chemical Properties of E452i:
Formula: Na6O18P6
Formula Weight: 611.77
Form: Granular
Melting point: 628°
Boiling Point: 1500°
Refractive Index: 1.482
Polyphosphates and, in particular, E452i (SHMP), are dispersing agents and can change the distribution of the ionic charges (positive - negative) in soluble compounds.
This stabilizes the emulsion, which becomes more fluid.
This property is very useful in the paint industry.
Due to their chelating properties, phosphates are also used in corrosion inhibition through the chelation of iron ions.
E452i market can be classified into detergents & cleaners, titanium dioxide production, water treatment formulations, food additives, water softening, and others.
In terms of revenue, the food additives segment is expected to hold a major share of the global market in the near future, owing to the rising demand for sodium hexametaphosphate-based products in the food & beverages industry.
In this industry, E452i is used for nourishing, quality improvement, sequestration, preservation, leavening, thickening, and emulsification.
E452i (SHMP) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO3)6.
E452i of commerce is a mixture of polymeric metaphosphate.
E452i (SHMP) is more correctly termed as polymetaphosphate.
E452i is prepared by melting monosodium orthophosphate followed by rapid cooling.
E452i (SHMP) is white odorless powder which is soluble in water and is hygroscopic.
E452i (SHMP) acts as a sequestrant, clearing agent, emulsifier, firming agent, flavor enhancer, humectants, nutrient supplement and processing acid.
Applications of E452i:
E452i (SHMP) can be used in lubricants, paper, textile dyeing, paints, petroleum industry, metallurgy, industrial materials etc.
E452i (SHMP) can also be used as water softener, as selective floatation agent and wetting agent for high temperature adhesives.
In the food industry E452i (SHMP) is used as an additive, quality enhancer, pH regulator, agent for the formation of chemical compounds with metals, liquidation agent etc.
E452i has the function of forming fixed soluble complexes with metal ions, especially alkali metal ions, which can effectively prevent the precipitation of hardly soluble salts of alkali metal.
At the same time, E452i can also plat the role of removing the melting boiler and precipitation.
So E452i is widely used in the softening of various industrial water.
Because E452i has a greater complexing capacity for CA++ than other phosphates, it is widely used in industrial sectors that has high requirement of water quality, such as, electrolytic industry, boiler water for power stations and textile industry.
Applications of E452i:
Detergents and cleaners
Titanium dioxide production
Water treatment formulations
Food additive (nourishing, sequestration, quality improvement, leavening, preservation, texturization, thickening, emulsification, etc.)
Water softening
Others:
End-use industries
Food and beverage
Chemical
Paper
Petroleum
Others
Coatings are usually based on resin, oil or emulsion, add some additives in E452i and use organic solvents or water to prepare viscous liquid.
Additives in the paint can improve the appearance and performance of the coating, such as, color brightness, light transmittance, mildew resistance, uniform dispersion, adhesion, etc
E452i as a dispersing agent is an important paint additive.
The Role of E452i as a Dispersant in Paint
E452i is a kind of polyphosphate with indeterminate composition.
E452i's anion has a high molecular weight.
Generally, E452i contains 30-90 genes and forms a long chain.
Due to its property, E452i will become viscous after absorbing water.
Due to the addition of water glass and other alkaline substances in the paint, its PH value is 10-10.5, that is, the concentration of OH- ions in the paint is large, which can help the further decomposition of H3PO4 and also promote the conversion of shmp to orthophosphate.
Moreover, the phosphate at this time will undergo condensation of multiple functional groups, especially the molecular groups of sodium hexametaphosphate will undergo condensation at high temperatures, and the molecular groups after condensation will combine with the three-dimensional network bentonite molecular groups in the paint.
Thus, shmp chemical can effectively play the role of bonding.
As the content of sodium hexametaphosphate increases, the effect on brushability becomes more obvious.
When the amount of shmp chemical is 2%, the paint is thinner with good fluidity.
However, after the paint is painted, there are obvious flow marks, and the effect is poor.
When the content of sodium hexametaphosphate in the paint rises to about 6%, the paint will become viscous.
After brushing, the paint will automatically level without leaving a trace for a period time.
The dripping property of the paint with the content of sodium hexametaphosphate is very low, and the painted paint can maintain its inherent shape under the action of gravity.
Of course, the content of shmp chemical used in paint and coatings depends on the specific paint type.
E452i as antiscalant:
Scale inhibitor refers to a class of agents that have the ability to disperse insoluble inorganic salts in water, prevent or interfere with the precipitation and scale function of insoluble inorganic salts on the surface of metals, as well as maintain good heat transfer effects for metal equipment.
Anti-corrosion and scale inhibitors for cold-exchange equipment are based on epoxy resin and specific amino resins, and adding appropriate amounts of various rust and corrosion inhibitors.
E452i has excellent properties of shielding, impermeability, rust resistance, good scale resistance, thermal conductivity, as well as excellent resistance to weak acid, strong alkalis, organic solvents and other properties. Its adhesion is strong and the desert layer is bright, flexible, dense and hard.
The mechanism of the corrosion and scale inhibitor is divided into complexation and solubilization, lattice distortion, electrostatic repulsion.
Complexation and solubilization action is that the copolymer dissolves in water and then ionizes, which can form a negative molecular chain.
E452i forms a water-soluble complex or chelate with Ca2+, thus increasing the solubility of inorganic salt and playing a role in scale inhibitor.
The effect of lattice distortion is that local functional groups in the molecule occupy a certain position on the crystal nucleus or microcrystal of the inorganic salt, hindering and destroying the normal growth of inorganic salt crystal, slowing the growth rate of crystal, thereby reducing salt scale formation.
The electrostatic repulsion effect is that the copolymer dissolves in water and adsorbs on the crystallites of the inorganic salt, which increases the repulsive force between the particles, hinders their agglomeration, and keeps them in a good dispersed state, thereby avoiding or reducing the formation of scale.
E452i as Corrosion Inhibitor
E452i has two functions in metal corrosion inhibitors.
First, E452i can slow down the corrosion of metal materials.
Second, E452i can maintain the physical and mechanical properties of metal.
The characteristics of polyphosphates is that phosphorus-oxygen bond can hydrolyze to produce orthophosphate ion, which is an anodic corrosion inhibitor.
When the quantity of phosphate ion is insufficient, local corrosion is easy to occur.
The greater harm is when the content of calcium ions in water is high, and the phosphate ions produced by hydrolysis are easy to form difficult calcium iodate precipitation.
Precipitation corrosion inhibitors are often refered to safe corrosion inhibitors.
Even the amount isn’t insufficient, E452i won’t increase metal corrosion.
The adsorption mechanism of industrial sodium hexametaphosphate corrosion inhibitor is that the inhibitor has an adsorption effect on the metal surface and it will form an adsorption film on the metal surface, thereby generating the corrosion inhibition effect.
The E452i has the functions of both corrosion and scale inhibition.
The amount of E452i uses in water treatment is less, which won’t change the property of the corrosive medium and it doesn’t require other special equipment and surface treatment.
This is why E452i chemical is common used in water treatment.
Appearance of E452i:
E452i is a colourless or white, transparent platelets, granular, or powder.
Stability of E452i:
A glassy phosphate with strong absorption ability and easy to hydrolyze to orthophosphate in warm water, acidic or alkaline solution.
PH: 5.8-6.5
PH is related to P2O5 content, with lower P2O5 content corresponding to higher pH.
Solubility of E452i:
Freely soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents
What are the Uses of E452i?
E452i can be used in food and beverage, personal care products, water treatment, and other industrial uses.
E452i is available in granular, glassy or powdered forms in the market.
E452i exists food grade and technical grade in the market.
Generally, E452i is a multi-functional ingredient that can work as a texturizer, PH regulator, metal ions chelating agent, binder, bulking agent and etc.
Food grade E452i can be used as a cross-linking agent to react with starch to produce modified food starch by increasing starch molecular weight and stabilize the starch structure.
E452i is also commonly used with other sodium phosphates in the processing of fish, shellfish and other aquatic products as a water-retaining agent and quality or taste improver.
Beverage of E452i:
E452i is used in a variety of beverage products. It extends shelf life, enhances flavor, and also improves clarity and prevents turbidity, such as in fruit juices and carbonated beverages.
E452i can also stabilize the protein and enhance flavor in a protein drink.
Canned food:
E452i stabilizes natural pigments in canned beans, fruits and vegetables, and therefore protect its color.
Also, E452i can emulsify fat in canned meat, resulting in maintaining uniform texture.
Food grade E452i can also be used with other sodium phosphates to retain moisture, enhance flavor, and increase shelf life in the processing of meats, cheese, dairy products, seafood, and poultry.
Cosmetics:
Per the “European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients”, E452i functions as anticorrosive, chelating and masking agents in cosmetic and personal care products.
We can find the following personal care products with E452i and its functions:
Bath salts: soften the water and adjust pH.
Toothpastes and Mouthwashes: remove calcium from stains on teeth.
Water treatment of E452i:
The technical grade of E452i is mainly used in water treatment as a sequestrant.
E452i can reduce formation, corrosion, lead/copper leaching, and biofilm formation in pipes and other equipment.
And E452i can chelate certain metal oxides, such as Ca, and Mg.
Others:
E452i is also used in other industrial applications, including clay processing (as a deflocculant), drilling fluids, and cleaning products.
Uses of E452i:
E452i is permitted to use in almost all categories of foods with the maximum level 10,000 mg/l or mg/kg and the following foods may contain with it:
Storage & Sensitivity of E452i:
Ambient temperatures.
Solubility of E452i:
E452i is soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents
Functional class: Food additives: emulsifier, sequestrant, texturizer, thickener.
CAS: 10124-56-8
E452i is used in a wide variety of applications. Water treatment, Water softening, Tie Dye, detergents.
E452i is used as a sequestrant and has applications in a variety of ways.
E452i is used as a water softening agent, in detergents, used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types. which is very effective, since SHMP is very effective on grease and greasy soil.
E452i helps clean and stops the greasy soil from redepositing on fabric.
E452i prevents flocculation, or the combining of suspended matter into aggregates large enough for gravity to accelerate their settling out.
Divalent and trivalent cations such as E452i are used in water solutions to facilitate flocculation of insoluble particles in suspension, especially colloidal size particles like clay and organic matter that have negative surface charges.
Addition of divalent or trivalent cations is frequently used in water treatment to remove a combination of inorganic and organic matter as well as living microscopic organisms through flocculation followed by filtration.
Dispersing agents such as E452i are more commonly used in laboratory procedures to sustain suspensions and estimate particle size distribution.
E452i is also used to in paints and coatings for keeping pigments dispersed, and in photography where tit is useful preventing spotting of films and photographs.
Cleaning & Detergents : E452i is used in industrial cleaning solution formulas as a dispersing agent.
Water Treatment : E452i is used as water softener for boiler water and industrial water.
Other Applications of E452i :
E452i is commonly found in canned or imitation milk, cheese and syrups as well as in roast beef, fish fillets and beer amongst over beverages.
E452i is used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types
E452i is used in the production of clay based ceramic particles.
E452i is active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention solution.
E452i is used as a food additive in canned fruits to stabilise pigments and protect food colour.
E452i is an inorganic polyphosphate salt, typically made up of a mixture of polymeric phosphates.
E452i allows gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures and is used under the E number E452i.
E452i is a multifunctional ingredient used largely in the processed meats, dairy and fish sectors for improved texture and stabilisation.
Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to E452i to raise the pH to 8.0-8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents
Attributes :
Remains stable under normal conditions
Easily soluble
Excellent whitening agent
White crystalline powder
Odorless
Used In :
Soap and detergent industry
Water treatment
Pulp and paper manufacturing
Textiles
Synthesis of polymers
Agriculture
Photographic products
E452i is a salt with multiple functions in cosmetics.
E452i can act as a detergent, an emulsifier, a texturizer, and a preservative that prevents metallic compounds from negatively affecting a product.
E452i is a kind of sodium metaphosphate polymers.
E452i is also known as "polyvinylidene sodium," "sodium multiple metaphosphate", "sodium metaphosphate vitreous body", and "Graham salt".
E452i is a colorless transparent glass-like solid or white powder with greater solubility but low dissolving rate in water.
E452i's aqueous solution exhibits acidic property. Its complex of divalent metal ion is relatively more stable than the complexes of mono-valent metal ion.
E452i can easily be hydrolyzed to orthophosphate in warm water, acid or alkali solution.
Hexametaphosphate has a relative strong hygroscopicity with being sticky after absorbing moisture.
For certain metal ions (e.g., calcium, magnesium, etc.), it has the ability to form soluble complexes, and thus being able to being used for demineralizing water.
E452i can also from precipitate with lead and silver ions with precipitate being re-dissolved in excess amount of sodium hexametaphosphate solution to form a complex salt.
E452i's barium salt can also form complexes with the sodium hexametaphosphate.
E452i can be used as a kind of highly efficient water softener of power stations, rolling stock boiler water; as detergent additive, as corrosion-controlling or anti-corrosion agents; as cement hardening accelerator; as streptomycin purification agent, and the cleaning agent of textile industry and dyeing industry.
E452i can also be used as a kind of sedative drug, preservative, stabilizer, and fruit juice precipitant in food industry.
In the oil industry, E452i is used for control of drilling pipe rust and adjusting the viscosity of oil drilling mud.
E452i also has applications in fabric dyeing, tanning, paper, color film, soil analysis, radiation chemistry and analytical chemistry and other departments.
Chemical Properties of E452i:
E452i is colorless and transparent glass flake or white granular crystals.
E452i is easily soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents.
Uses of E452i:
E452i can be used as a food quality improver in food industry, pH adjusting agent, metal ion chelating agents, dispersants, extenders, etc.
E452i can be used as a kind of common analytical reagents, water softener, and also used for photofinishing and printing.
E452i can be used as a water softener, detergent, preservative, cement hardening accelerator, fiber dyeing and cleaning agents; it can also used for medicine, food, petroleum, printing and dyeing, tanning, and paper industry.
E452i can be used as texturizing agent; emulsifiers; stabilizer; chelating agent.
E452i is less frequently for being used alone and is generally used in mixture with pyrophosphate and metaphosphate.
The mixture is mainly used for ham, sausage, surimi such as the tissue improver for water retention, tendering and meat softening.
E452i can also be used for prevention of crystallization of canned crab as well as dissolving agent of pectin.
E452i can be used as the water softening agent of boiler water and industrial water (including water for the production of dyes, water for the production of titanium dioxide, water for printing and dyeing, and slurry mixing, water for cleaning color copy of the film, as well as chemical industrial water and the water for the medicines, reagents production, etc.) as well as the water treatment agent for the industrial cooling water; it can also be used as a corrosion inhibitor, flotation agent, dispersant agent, high temperature binding agent, dyeing auxiliaries, metal surface treatment, rust inhibitors, detergent additives and also cement hardening accelerator.
Coated paper production can use it as pulp dispersants in order to improve the penetration capability.
In addition, E452i can also be apply to the washing utensils and chemical fiber in order to remove iron ions of the pulp.
In the oil industry, E452i can be used for the antirust of the drilling pipe and adjusting the slurry viscosity upon the control of oil drilling.
E452i can be used as the quality improver with various effects of increasing the complex metal ions of food, pH, ionic strength, thereby improving the adhesive capability as well as the water holding ability of food. China provides that it can be applied to the dairy products, poultry products, ice cream, instant noodles and meat with the maximum permitted amount being 5.0 g/kg; the maximal permitted usage amount in canned food, fruit juice (flavored) drinks and vegetable protein drink is 1.0g/kg.
E452i can be used as a food quality improver in food industry and applied to canned food, fruit juice drinks, dairy products, and soy milk.
E452i can be used as Ph adjusting agent, metal ion chelate agent, adhesive and bulking agents.
When being applied to beans and canned fruits and vegetables, E452i can be stabilize the natural pigment and protect the food color and lustre; when being used in canned meat, it can be used for preventing the emulsification of the fat and maintaining its uniform texture; when being applied to meat, it can be used to increase the water holding capacity and prevent the deterioration of fat in the meat. It can also help to clarify the wine when being supplied to beer and further prevent turbidity.
Production method of E452i:
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate: The soda solution was first subject to neutralization reaction with phosphate acid at 80~100 ℃ for 2h; the resulting sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution was concentrated by evaporation, cooled and crystallized to obtain sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate and heated to 110~230 ℃ to remove two crystal water; further be subject to heating to remove the structural water; further being heated to 620 ℃ for dehydration to result in the molten sodium metaphosphate and further polymerized into sodium hexametaphosphate, and discharged; apply chilling shock fro 650 ℃ to 60~80 ℃ for flaking, and crush to obtain the hexametaphosphate products.
Its reaction formula is as below:
Na2CO3 + 2H3PO4 + H2O → 2NaH2PO4•2H2O + CO2 ↑
NaH2PO4•2H2O [△] → Na2H2PO4 + 2H2O
2NaH2PO4 [△] → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
Na2H2P2O7 → 2NaPO3 + H2O
6NaPO3 [△] → (NaPO3) 6
Phosphorus pentoxide method: put the yellow phosphorus into a steam of dry air for combustion and oxidation, the cooling obtained phosphorus pentoxide is mixed together with soda in certain ratio (Na2O: P2O5 = 1~1.1).
Put the mixed powder in a graphite crucible and heated indirectly to have it dehydrated and agglomerated, the resulting sodium hexametaphosphate is subject to flaking upon chilling shock and pulverized to obtain industrial hexametaphosphate products.
The reaction formula is as below:
P4 + 5O2 → 2P2O5
P2O5 + Na2CO3 → 2NaPO3 + CO2 ↑
6NaPO3 [△] → (NaPO3) 6
Chemical Properties of E452i:
white granular solid
Chemical Properties of E452i:
The sodium polyphosphates class consists of several amorphous, water soluble polyphosphates composed of linear chains of metaphosphate units, (NaPO3)x where x ≥ 2, terminated by Na2PO4- groups.
They are usually identified by their Na2O/ P2O5 ratio or their P2O5 content.
The Na2O/P2O5 ratios vary from about 1.3 for sodium tetrapolyphosphate, where x = approximately 4; through about 1.1 for Graham’s salt, commonly called sodium hexametaphosphate, where x = 13 to 18; to about 1.0 for the higher molecular weight sodium polyphosphates, where x = 20 to 100 or more.
The pH of their solution varies from about 3 to 9. For additional details of description, refer to Burdock (1997).
Uses of E452i:
E452i is a sequestrant and moisture binder that is very soluble in water but dissolves slowly. solutions have a ph of 7.0.
E452i permits peanuts to be salted in the shell by making it possible for the salt brine to penetrate the peanuts.
E452i functions as a tenderizer when added to the water used to soak or scald the vegetables prior to canning.
E452i improves whipping properties in whipping proteins.
E452i functions as a seques- trant for calcium and magnesium, having the best sequestering power of all the phosphates.
E452i prevents gel formation in sterilized milk.
E452i is also termed sodium metaphosphate and graham’s salt.
Uses of E452i:
For industrial use, such as oil field, paper-making, textile, dyeing, petrochemical industry,tanning industry, metallurgical industry and building material industry.
E452i is mainly used as a water sortening agent in solution for printing, dyeing ,and boiler; Diffusant in papermersing medium, high temperature agglomerant,detergent and soil analytical chemistry reagent,
Uses of E452i:
E452i is a chelating agent and a corrosion inhibitor.
E452i is an inorganic salt.
Preparation of E452i:
E452i is prepared by heating monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4) rapidly to a clear melt, which occurs slightly above 625°C.
Rapid chilling of this melt produces a very soluble glass, which is then crushed or milled.
Agricultural Uses of E452i:
E452i is the salt of metaphosphoric acid having a molecular formula (NaPO3)n, where n ranges from 3 to 10 (for cyclic molecules) or may be much larger (for polymers).
Cyclic molecules have alternate phosphorus and oxygen atoms in the rings and start with trimetaphosphate (NaPO3)3 to at least decametaphosphate.
E452i may be a polymer where n is between 10 and 20.
Vitreous sodium phosphates have a Na2O:P2O5 ratio near unity and are called Graham's salts.
The average number of phosphorus atoms in these vitreous glasses ranges from 25 to infinity.
Industrial uses of E452i:
E452i (SHMP) or water glass Na6P6O18 is basically the salt of metaphosphoric acid. SHMP is difficult to dissolve.
By mixing SHMP for 1-3 h, a solution of 8-10% can be obtained.
The pH of this solution is about 5. Because of a weak acid reaction, the E452i reacts with cations of bivalent metals forming Na2MeP6O18 or Na4MeP6O18.
In the presence of oxygen, E452i slowly decomposes into pyrophosphate and orthophosphate.
E452i [SHMP] (E425i) is the best performing sequestrant available.
This enables gelling agents to be hydrated at much lower temperatures.
E452i is also used in conjunction with sodium carbonate in certain situations..
FOOD USES
What is E452i used in?
Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled beverages, among other foods, can contain sodium hexametaphosphate
APPLICATIONS of E452i:
-Cheese
-Cured Meats
-Dips
-Egg products
-Vegetable protein
-Sour cream
-Fruit fillings
-Ice cream
-Whipped toppings
-Polymers
-vegetables
-Yoghurt
-Milk-based beverages
-Processed cheeses and meats
-Seafood
-Gelatin desserts
Product description
CAS No.: 10124-56-8
Synonyms: Glassy sodium, Graham's salt, Hexasodium metaphosphate, Metaphosphoric acid,
E452i is used in a variety of applications like as a food additive, as a deflocculant in the manufacture of clay-based ceramic particles and as an active ingredient in toothpaste.
E452i is one of the most effective dispersing agent available
Alternate Names:Calgon; Phosphate glass, water soluble; Polyphosphate sodium salt; Sodium polyphosphate
CAS Number:68915-31-1
Use: E452i is a food additive and a softening agent for water and detergents.
E452i can also be found in leathers, clays and pigments, and personal care products such as toothpaste.
E452i is a water-soluble polyphosphate glass that consists of a distribution of polyphosphate chain lengths.
E452i is a collection of sodium polyphosphate polymers built on repeating NaPO3 units.
E452i has a P2O5 content from 60 to 71 percent.
Alternate names for E452i include the following: Calgon; Calgon S; Glassy Sodium Phosphate; Sodium Polyphosphate, Glassy; Metaphosphoric Acid; Sodium Salt; Sodium Acid Metaphosphate; Graham’s Salt; Sodium Hex; Polyphosphoric Acid, Sodium Salt; Glass H; Hexaphos; Sodaphos; Vitrafos; and BAC-N-FOS. Sodium hexametaphosphate is typically sold as a white powder or granule (crushed) and may also be sold in the form of sheets (glass) or as a liquid solution. It is imported under heading 2835.39.5000, HTSUS.
E452i may also be imported as a blend or mixture under heading 3824.90.3900, HTSUS.
The product covered by this order includes E452i in all grades, whether food grade or technical grade.
The product covered by this review includes E452i without regard to chain length i.e., whether regular or long chain.
The product covered by this review includes E452i without regard to physical form, whether glass, sheet, crushed, granule, powder, fines, or other form, and whether or not in solution.
However, the product covered by this order does not include sodium hexametaphosphate when imported in a blend with other materials in which the E452i accounts for less than 50 percent by volume of the finished product.
What Is E452i?
Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate and Sodium Hexametaphosphate are all sodium polyphosphates made of repeating units of NaPO3.
Sodium Metaphosphate generally refers to a long chain of NaPO3 units that is not soluble in water, which is why it is sometimes called insoluble metaphosphate.
Sodium Trimetaphosphate has three NaPO3 units, and Sodium Hexametaphosphate has six NaPO3 units.
Both the Trimetaphosphate and the Hexametaphosphate are soluble in water.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Trimetaphosphate and Sodium Hexametaphosphate are used in the formulation of makeup foundations, mascara, bath products, and moisturizing and skin care products.
Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Sodium Metaphosphate, Trimetaphosphate and Hexametaphosphate inactivate metallic ions so as to prevent the deterioration of cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium Metaphosphate is also used to polish the teeth, reduce oral odor, or otherwise cleanse or deodorize the teeth and mouth.
Sodium Trimetaphosphate minimizes the change in the pH of a solution when an acid or a base is added to the solution and Sodium Hexametaphosphate prevents the corrosion (rust) of metallic materials used in packaging cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium Trimetaphosphate, and Hexametaphosphate are all inorganic salts that are often referred to as glassy sodium polyphosphates.
Sodium Metaphosphate, in the form of long chains, is referred to as insoluble metaphosphate.
The influence of sodium hexametaPhosphate on the corrosion of carbon steel in 0.5 mol•L-1 KCl solution at 25 °C was investigated using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization curves and Scan electron microscope (SEM).
The obtained results show that sodium hexametaPhosphate is an excellent inhibitor and the inhibition efficiencies exceed 87 %.
The polarization measurements reveal that sodium hexametaPhosphate is an inhibitor mainly controlled by anodic process.
THE EFFECT OF BUILDERS IN HARD WATER DETERGENT SOLUTIONS
The water-softening ability of soda ash, trisodium phosphate, sodium meta-silicate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate was investigated.
Each builder possessed great water-softening power and in each case the reaction with hardness was immediate and the residual hardness from maximum softening was less than 1 grain per gallon of water.
The effect in detergent solutions of builders at concentrations that had given maximum softening in the above tests was investigated by determining soil removal, degradation, and deposit of insoluble compounds after 10 launderings of standardly soiled flannelette.
In these relatively high concentrations the alkaline builders gave inferior detergency to that of soap alone in hard water.
The sequestering agent, sodium hexametaphosphate, gave results that were superior to soap alone in hard water and equal to that of soap alone in soft water.
In every instance the addition of builder before soap produced the same effect as builder with soap.
SHMP - E452i (known commercially as Calgon T) is a free-flowing, white powder typically used in the chemical manufacturing, mining and water treatment industries.
FEATURES of E452i:
A stable powder which dissolves readily in hard or soft water.
Non-regulated.
E452i is used in powdered detergents and cleaners, reagents in titanium dioxide production and in water treatment formulations as a water softener
Paints & Coatings Polyphosphates are used extensively for their diverse functionality in water based paints and coatings.
Their main applications are in the wetting of pigments and fillers, the breaking down of agglomerates and the stabilization of the pigment suspension.
In water based latex paints, polyphosphates serve as sequestrants, leveling agents and pigment dispersants.
Polyphosphates such as Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate (TSPP) and Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) aid in the wetting and even dispersion of pigments.
Potassium Tripolyphosphate (KTPP), Sodium Potassium Tripolyphosphate (SKTP) and TKPP function as deflocculants, yielding paints with stable viscosities.
Zinc oxide is sometimes added to paint formulations as a mildewcide.
If used, E452i is important to add a polyphosphate to the formulation to prevent gelling.
Paper coatings (fillers) are used to prepare high quality paper which reduces the bleeding of ink and increases the brightness and opacity of the paper.
E452i (SHMP), Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate (TSPP) and Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) are commonly used as kaolin clay deflocculants for the production of these paper coatings.
Kaolin is the predominant pigment used in coatings and the chemical deflocculation or dispersion via polyphosphates is an important part of their production process.
The use of polyphosphates results in stable and controlled viscosity
SYNONYMS:
Agent T202
hexasodium 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxocyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexakis(olate)
Hexasodium metaphosphate
SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE
SHMP
Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
SHMP
Sodium Hexametaphosphate
Sodium hexametaphosphate
Sodium metaphosphate
Agent T202
Natriumhexametaphosphat
Sodium Metaphosphate
Sodium hexametaphosphate [Wiki]
1,3,5,7,9,11-Hexaoxa-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaphosphacyclododecane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexolate, 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide, sodium salt (1:6) [ACD/Index Name]
2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexaoxyde de cyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexolate et de hexasodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt
Hexanatriumcyclohexaphosphoxan-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexolat-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Hexasodium cyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexolate 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Hexasodium hexametaphosphate
Hexasodium metaphosphate
Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
Natrium hexametaphosphat [German]
10124-56-8 [RN]
14550-21-1 [RN]
16210-45-0 [RN]
193678-44-3 [RN]
20517-55-9 [RN]
233-343-1 [EINECS]
8012-14-4 [RN]
Calgon [Wiki]
Calgon S
Chemi-charl
Graham's salt
hexasodium 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2λ5,4λ5,6λ5,8λ5,10λ5,12λ5-hexaphosphacyclododecane 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide
HEXASODIUM HEXAOXOCYCLOHEXAPHOSPHOXANE-2,4,6,8,10,12-HEXAKIS(OLATE)
HMP
MFCD00136045
MFCD20926287
Phosphate, sodium hexameta
SHMP
Sodium metaphosphate
sodium phosphate, tribasic
Sodium polymeta phosphate
Sodium polymetaphosphate
sodiumhexametaphosphate
六偏磷酸钠 [Chinese]
SHMP, CALGON ,GRAHAM'S SALT, METAPHOS
Calgon
Graham's salt
Hexasodium hexametaphosphate
SHMP
Sodium polymetaphosphate
SODIUMHEXAMETAPHOSPHATE
UNII-N40N91DW96
N40N91DW96
Chemi-charl
Medi-Calgon
Calgon S
Calgon (old)
hexasodium;2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2lambda5,4lambda5,6lambda5,8lambda5,10lambda5,12lambda5-hexaphosphacyclododecane 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide
Caswell No. 772
Sodium polymeta phosphate
Phosphate, sodium hexameta
Hexametaphosphate, sodium salt
Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), sodium salt (1:6)
Sodium metaphosphate
sodium metaphosphate
Metaphosphoric acid (H6P6O18), sodium salt (1:6)
Agent T202
hexasodium 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxido-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxa-1$l^{5},3$l^{5},5$l^{5},7$l^{5},9$l^{5},11$l^{5}-hexaphosphacyclododecane 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxide
hexasodium 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxido-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxa-1,5,3,5,,7,9,11-hexaphosphacyclododecane 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxide
hexasodium 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxido-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxa-1SI^(5),3SI^(5),5SI^(5).7SI^(5),9SI^(5),11SI^(5)-hexaphosphacyclododecane 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxide
hexasodium 1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxido-2,4...
hexasodium 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-
Hexasodium 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2λ5,4λ5,6λ5,8λ5,10λ5,12λ5-hexaphosphacyclododecane 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide.
hexasodium 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2λ5,4λ5,6λ5,8λ5,10λ5,12λ5-hexaphosphacyclododecane2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide
hexasodium 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxocyclohexaphosphoxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexakis(olate)
Hexasodium metaphosphate
hexasodium;2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5},8$l^{5},10$l^{5},12$l^{5}-hexaphosphacyclododecane 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide
hexasodium;2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxido-1,3,5,7,9,11-hexaoxa-2λ5,4λ5,6λ5,8λ5,10λ5,12λ5-hexaphosphacyclododecane 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaoxide
Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
pentasodium triphosphate
SHMP
sodio esametafosfato
Sodium Hexametaphoshpate
SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE
Sodium Hexametaphosphate
Sodium hexametaphosphate
sodium hexametaphosphate
sodium metafosfate
Sodium metaphosphate
sodium metaphosphate
Sodium metaphosphate
sodium metaphosphate
Agent T202
Natriumhexametaphosphat
Sodium Metaphosphate
Sodium metaphosphate
10124-56-8
1357387-91-7
1357387-91-7
16210-45-0
16210-45-0
193678-44-3
193678-44-3
20517-55-9
20517-55-9
8012-14-4
8012-14-4