ISOPHTHALIC ACID

Isophthalic acid = IPA = PIA

CAS Number: 121-91-5 
EC Number: 204-506-4    
Chemical formula: C8H6O4
Molar mass: 166.132 g·mol−1

Isophthalic acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO2H)2. 
Isophthalic acid ,colorless solid, is an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid. 
The main industrial uses of purified isophthalic acid (PIA) are for the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin and for the production of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and other types of coating resins.
Isophthalic acid is one of three isomers of benzenedicarboxylic acid, the others being phthalic acid and terephthalic acid.
Isophthalic Acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C8H6O4. 
Isophthalic acid’s a colourless solid and Isophthalic acid’s an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid.

Applications of Isophthalic acid:
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids are used as precursors (in form of acyl chlorides) to commercially important polymers, e.g. the fire-resistant material Nomex. 
Mixed with terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid is used in the production of PET resins for drink plastic bottles and food packaging. 
The high-performance polymer polybenzimidazole is produced from isophthalic acid.
Also, Isophthalic acid is used as an important input to produce insulation materials.

Isophthalic acid (IPA) is a non-toxic organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO2H)2. 
Isophthalic acid is an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid. 
These aromatic dicarboxylic acids are used as precursors (in the form of acylchlorides) to commercially important polymers. 
The high-performance polymer polybenzimidazole is produced from isophthalic acid.
Isophthalic acid is produced on the billion kilogram/year scale by oxidizing meta-xylene using oxygen. 
The process employs a cobalt-manganese catalyst.

Description of Isophthalic acid:
Isophthalic acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO2H)2. 
Isophthalic acid is an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid. 
These aromatic dicarboxylic acids are used as precursors (in form of acyl chlorides) to commercially important polymers, e.g. the fire-resistant material Nomex. 
Mixed with terephthalic acid, iso phthalic acid is used in the production of resins for drink bottles. 
The high-performance polymer poly benzimidazole is produced from iso phthalic acid.

Chemical Properties of Isophthalic acid:
Isophthalic acid is a white crystalline powder or needle-like crystals and Isophthalic acid’s an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid.
Isophthalic acid is insoluble in cold water but soluble in oxygenated solvents and alcohol. 
Isophthalic acid is combustible and finely dispersed particles will form explosive mixtures in air.

Isophthalic Acid (PIA)  is mainly used in the production of bottle PET, also used in the production of alkyd resin, polyester resin, also used in the production of photosensitive materials, pharmaceutical intermediates and so on.
One of the largest applications for PIA is in unsaturated polyester resins for high-quality gel coats. 
The hardness, stain and detergent resistance characteristics of PIA are ideal for polyester solid-surface countertops that are an inexpensive alternative to acrylics.

Uses of Isophthalic acid:
Purified Isophthalic Acid (PIA) is mainly used as intermediate for high performance UPR, resins for coatings, high solids paints, gel coats, modifier of PET for bottles. 
Isophthalic acid is used as an intermediate for high performance unsaturated polyesters, resins for coatings, high solids paints, gel coats and modifier of polyethylene terephthalate for bottles. 
Isophthalic acid acts as precursors for the fire-resistant material nomex as well as used in the preparation of high-performance polymer polybenzimidazole.
Isophthalic acid is also employed as an input for the production of insulation materials.

What Does Isophthalic Polyester Coating Mean?
Isophthalic acid is a high-quality surface protection gel or lining that contains polyester resins, which that include isophthalic acid (purified isophthalic acid or PIA) as an intermediate or saturated monomer. 
The isophthalic acid enhances chemical resistance, though Isophthalic acid increases the product cost of isophthalic polyester. 
Isophthalic acid is applied in chemical service applications on automobiles, marine vessels, tanks and pipelines to provide corrosion resistance.

Preparation of Isophthalic acid:
Iso phthalic acid is produced on the billion kilogram per year scale by oxidizing meta-xylene using oxygen. 
The process employs a cobalt-manganese catalyst. 
In the laboratory, chromic acid can be used as the oxidant. 
Isophthalic acid also arises by fusing potassium meta-sulpho benzoate , or meta - brom benzoate with potassium formate (terephthalic acid is also formed in the last case).
The barium salt (as its hexa hydrate) is very soluble (a distinction between phthalic and terephthalic acids). 
Uvitic acid, 5- methylisophthalic acid, is obtained by oxidizing mesitylene or by condensing pyroracemic acid with baryta water.

The (1,3-benzenecarboxylic acid) is the meta form of phthalic acid. 
Isophthalic acid is a white crystalline solid subliming at 345°C. 
Isophthalic acid is slightly soluble in water, alcohol and acetic acid (insoluble in benzene). 
Isophthalic acid is obtained by oxidizing meta-xylene with chromic acid, or by fusing potassium meta-sulphobenzoate, or meta-brombenzoate with potassium formate.
Isophthalic acid is a key ingredient in FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics) markets for such products as marine, automotive, and corrosion resistant pipes and tanks. 
Polyesters containing PIA (Purified Isophthalic Acid) are also used extensively in industrial coatings applications for home appliances, automobiles, aluminum siding, and metal office furniture.

Purity (% w/w): Min. 99,9
Acid Number (mg KOH/g): 675 ± 2
3-CBA (ppm): Max. 25
m-Toluic Acid (ppm): Max. 150
b* - Value: Max. 1,0
Total Metal content (ppm): None > 2 and Total Max. 10
Ash (ppm): Max. 15
Water (w/w %): Max. 0,1
Mean Particle Size (Micron): 110 ± 15

Isophthalic acid is used as an intermediate for high performance unsaturated polyesters, resins for coatings, high solids paints, gel coats and modifier of polyethylene terephthalate for bottles. 

KEYWORDS:
Isophthalic acid, IPA, PIA, 121-91-5, 204-506-4,  meta-Phthalic acid, m-Phthalic acid, m-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, Acide isophtalique, Kyselina isoftalova

Isophthalic acid is a colorless crystalline solid. 
Isophthalic acid is used as an intermediate primarily for unsaturated polyester resins and alkyd and polyester coating resins; other applications include use in aramid fibers, as a component of copolyester resins and in high-temperature polymers. 
Nearly pure isophthalic acid has a purity of >99.8%. 
This material is called purified isophthalic acid or PIA.
Currently, there is significant global overcapacity for isophthalic acid, with sufficient spare capacity for the next five years.

Isophthalic acid (1,3-benzenecarboxylic acid) is the meta form of phthalic acid. 
Isophthalic acid is a white crystalline solid subliming at 345°C. 
Isophthalic acid is slightly soluble in water, alcohol and acetic acid (insoluble in benzene). 
Isophthalic acid is obtained by oxidizing meta-xylene with chromic acid, or by fusing potassium meta-sulphobenzoate, or meta-brombenzoate with potassium formate. 
IPA has excellent performance characteristics including exceptional hardness, corrosion and stain resistance, hydrolytic stability of coatings and gel coats, outstanding thermal stability and low resin color in coatings industry.

Isophthalic acid is a key ingredient in FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics) markets for such products as marine, automotive, and corrosion resistant pipes and tanks. 
Polyesters containing isophthalic acid are also used extensively in industrial coatings applications for home appliances, automobiles, aluminum siding, and metal office furniture. 
Isophthalic acid used as an intermediate for polyesters, polyurethane resins, plasticizers.

Applications of Isophthalic acid:
Isophthalic acid can be used as a reactant to prepare:
Poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) by polycondensation with m-phenylenediamine via thermal solid-phase polymerization reaction.

Isophthalic acid can also be used as a ligand to synthesize:
Metal coordination polymers by hydrothermal and sonochemical process.
Isophthalic acid-zirconium(IV) nanocomposite, which is used as a precursor to prepare crystalline tetragonal ZrO2 via thermal decomposition method.

Melting point: 341-343 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 214.32°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1,54 g/cm3
refractive index: 1.5100 (estimate)
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: 0.12g/l
form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 3.54(at 25℃)
color: White to off-white
Water Solubility: 0.01 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Merck: 14,5197
BRN: 1909332
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.

Isophthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid industrially produced by the oxidation of m-xylene. 
Commercially, Isophthalic acid is used primarily as a component of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) copolymer, which is used in bottle resins and, to a much lesser extent, for fibers. 
Isophthalic acid reduces the crystallinity of PET, which serves to improve clarity and increase the productivity of bottle-making. 
Isophthalic acid’s second major use is as a component of high-quality alkyds and polyester resins for industrial coatings and unsaturated polyesters for fiberglass-reinforced plastics applications.

Appearance: White crystalline solid
Density: 1.526 g/cm3, Solid
Solubility in water: Insoluble
Acidity (pKa): 3.46, 4.46 
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -84.64·10−6 cm3/mol

Purified Isophthalic Acid (PIA) is used primarily in unsaturated polyester resins. 
Isophthalic acid improves the property balance for coating resins and enhances clarity of PET-bottle grade resins.
Isophthalic Acid is used as an intermediate primarily for unsaturated polyester resins and alkyd and polyester coating resins; other applications include use in aramid fibers, as a component of copolyester resins and in high-temperature polymers.

CHEBI:30802
ChemSpider: 8182 
ECHA InfoCard: 100.004.098 
PubChem CID: 8496
UNII: X35216H9FJ 

Isophthalic acid, CAS number: 121-91-5, also known as PIA or PIPA, is an organic compound  with the formula C6H4(CO2H)2. 
PIA, Purified Isophtalic Acid, is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid. 
Together with terephthalic acid, PTA, the isophthalic acid (CAS: 121-91-5) is used in the production of resins for drink bottles, PET resin.
PIA, Purified Isophthalic acid is produced starting from meta-xylene using oxygen, in the presence of a catalyst.
Main application areas for Isophthalic acid are: PET Bottle Grade Resins, Fibres, Low-Melt Fibres, Polyamide Resins, UPR - Unsaturated Polyester Resins, Powder Coating Resins, Coil Coating Resins, Polymer Modifier, Adhesives, High-performance Polymerpolybenzimidazole.

Preparation of Isophthalic acid:
Isophthalic acid is produced on the billion kilogram per year scale by oxidizing meta-xylene using oxygen.
The process employs a cobalt-manganese catalyst. 
The world's largest producer of isophthalic acid is Lotte Chemical Corporation.
In the laboratory, chromic acid can be used as the oxidant. 
Isophthalic acid also arises by fusing potassium meta-sulfobenzoate, or meta-bromobenzoate with potassium formate (terephthalic acid is also formed in the last case).
The barium salt, as its hexahydrate, is very soluble in water (a distinction between phthalic and terephthalic acids). 
Uvitic acid, 5-methylisophthalic acid, is obtained by oxidizing mesitylene or by condensing pyroracemic acid with baryta water.

Name: ISOPHTHALIC ACID
Source of Sample: Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee, Wisconsin
CAS Registry Number: 121-91-5
Compound Type: Pure
Copyright: Copyright © 1980, 1981-2021 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Formula: C8H6O4
Instrument Name: PERKIN-ELMER 1710
Melting Point: 342C
Molecular Weight: 166.13
Sample Description: WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER
Solubility: Insoluble in= BENZENE, PETROLEUM ETHER
Soluble in: GLACIAL ACETIC ACID, ALCOHOL
SpectraBase Batch ID: EhD9M7pruGY

Synonyms: 
1,3-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID
meta-PHTHALIC ACID

Preferred IUPAC name:
Benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid

Other names:
Isophthalic acid
meta-Phthalic acid
ISOPHTHALIC ACID
121-91-5
Benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
m-Phthalic acid
m-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
Acide isophtalique
Kyselina isoftalova
iso-phthalic acid
NSC 15310
UNII-X35216H9FJ
Acide isophtalique [French]
Kyselina isoftalova [Czech]
meta-benzenedicarboxylic acid
HSDB 2090
EINECS 204-506-4
CHEBI:30802
X35216H9FJ
BRN 1909332
AI3-16107
1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, homopolymer
DSSTox_CID_1485
DSSTox_RID_76179
DSSTox_GSID_21485
WLN: QVR CVQ
4-09-00-03292 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS001075180
3-Carboxybenzoic acid; Isoterephthalic acid; NSC 15310; m-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
26776-13-6
CAS-121-91-5
NSC15310
NCGC00164010-01
SMR000112097
isopthalic acid
CCRIS 8899
m-Dicarboxybenzene
MFCD00002516
1,3-dicarboxybenzene
ACMC-1BQVP
Isophthalic acid, 99%
benzene-1,3-dioic acid
55185-18-7
EC 204-506-4
Isophthalic acid pound PIA)
SCHEMBL22462
Benzene,1,3-dicarboxylic acid
CHEMBL1871181
DTXSID3021485
HMS2269O09
AMY30288
ZINC3845021
Tox21_200409
Tox21_300106
BBL011591
Isophthalic acid, analytical standard
NSC-15310
SBB060284
STL163327
AKOS000119766
DS-6425
MCULE-2481502954
NCGC00164010-02
NCGC00164010-03
NCGC00254219-01
NCGC00257963-01
BP-21126
CS-0020265
FT-0627450
FT-0693429
I0155
ST50824886
A23846
C22203
21179-EP2284165A1
21179-EP2292597A1
21179-EP2301536A1
21179-EP2301538A1
21179-EP2311455A1
21179-EP2311830A1
21179-EP2314295A1
21179-EP2374780A1
21179-EP2374781A1
21179-EP2374895A1
Q415253
J-004707
J-521560
1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer with dimethyl 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,2-ethanediol and nonanedioic acid
8G0

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