MPP
CAS Number: 218768-84-4
Chemical Formula: C3H9N6O4P
Molecular Weight: 224.12 g/mol
Melamine polyphosphate decomposes endothermically above 350ºC, acting as a heat sink to cool the polymer.
The released phosphoric acid further reacts with the polymer to form a char and inhibit the release of free radical gasses into the oxygen phase.
Simultaneously, nitrogen species released from the degradation of melamine intumesces the char to further protect the polymer.
Melamine polyphosphate based halogen free flame retardants are primarily used for glass fiber reinforced polyamide and polyester (e.g. PBT) and can be used as a synergist in many other applications and polymers.
Melamine polyphosphate, MPP was applied as reactive and additive flame retardant for thermally resistant polyurethane foams.
MPP was hydroxyalkylated with ethylene and propylene carbonates to get oligoetherols with 1,3,5-triazine ring and phosphorus.
The structure and physical properties of the products were studied.
The polyurethane foams, PUFs obtained from this oligoetherols were self-distinguishing.
The addition of powdered MPP into foaming mixture resulted in further decrease of flammability modified PUFs.
The MPP-modified PUFs were characterized by physical methods adequate to thermal resistance and flammability of the PUFs.
The best MPP-modified PUF showed oxygen index 24.6.
All the modified PUFs were remarkably thermally resistant; they could stand long lasting thermal exposure even at 200 °C.
Melamine polyphosphate is a coordination compound that has been used as an antimicrobial agent and polymer retardant.
Melamine polyphosphate has been shown to have a Langmuir adsorption isotherm, which is indicative of the ability to form a monolayer on the surface of water droplets.
Melamine polyphosphate also has an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that can be used for determining the rate constant of Melamine polyphosphate reaction with water vapor.
The rate constants are determined by measuring the change in impedance over time and plotting Melamine polyphosphate against frequency.
This analytical method is used for determining the concentration and stability of melamine polyphosphate in solution and can be applied to other similar compounds.
Features of Melamine polyphosphate:
Halogen‐free and low poison, comply with European Environmental Protection requirements.
Easy process, no need special screws combination and special grade glass fiber.
Different from general halogen retardant, no corrosion damage to equipment and mold.
Good heat stability, decomposition temperature>360°C, suitable for glass fiber‐reinforced nylon.
MPP contains different partical size grades.
Benefits of Melamine polyphosphate:
Halogen-free and very high thermal stability
UL94V-0 rating for nylon 66
UL94V-1 rating for nylon 6
UL94V-0 rating for nylon 6 by adding other flame retardants (i.e. pentaerythritol & ammonium polyphosphate)
Application of Melamine polyphosphate:
MPP flame retardant is mainly used in PA and PBT, especially PA6, PA66.
Melamine polyphosphate can be used in all kind of injection and extrusion process and meet all kind of processing demands of polyamide, glass fiber polyamide.
Specially used for glass-fiber reinforced nylon
Widely applied to thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics, rubber, and fiber
Flame Retardant:
A flame retardant melamine phosphate or fire retardant is a material that prevents fire or slows the spread of fire.
Used in easy to burn materials as Plastics, Textiles or Coating.
Function of Flame Retardant:
Absorb the burning heat to cool down the temperature and prevent polymer further decomposing.
Generate incombustible gas or foaming or liquid to cover the polymer surface to choke the burning.
Eliminate the radical.
Emit inert gas to dilute condensation of oxygen in burning area.
A toxicology study in animals conducted after recalls of contaminated pet food concluded that the combination of melamine and cyanuric acid in diet does lead to acute kidney injury in cats.
A 2008 study produced similar experimental results in rats and characterized the melamine and cyanuric acid in contaminated pet food from the 2007 outbreak.
A 2010 study from Lanzhou University attributed kidney failure in humans to uric acid stone accumulation after ingestion of melamine resulting in a rapid aggregation of metabolites such as cyanuric acid diamide (ammeline) and cyanuric acid.
A 2013 study demonstrated that melamine can be metabolized to cyanuric acid by gut bacteria.
In particular, Klebsiella terrigena was determined to be a factor in melamine toxicity.
In culture, K. terrigena was shown to convert melamine to cyanuric acid directly.
Cyanuric acid was detected in the kidneys of rats administered melamine alone, and the concentration after Klebsiella colonization was increased.
Different from the traditional silicone materials, which are not easily ignited, silicone thermoplastic elastomer (Si-TPE) has poor flame retardant properties due to the existence of the hard segments in Melamine polyphosphate molecular chains.
In this paper, melamine phosphate (MP), a kind of halogen free flame retardant, was adopted to improve the flame retardancy of Si-TPE.
The results showed that MP played the role of flame retardant in both gas and condensed phases due to Melamine polyphosphate nitrogen-phosphorus-containing structure.
Inert gases, including nitrogen, steam and ammonia which were released by the degradation of melamine during burning, could take away the heat and dilute the oxygen in the gas phase, and further working with the phosphoric acid, which was generated in the condensed phase, to form a denser and firmer char layer.
In this way, Si-TPE/MP composite with good flame retardancy was obtained.
Interestingly, MP had little influence on the thermal processability of Si-TPE, even at 28 wt% content, ascribing to Melamine polyphosphate two opposite effects on Si-TPE, but enhanced the comprehensive mechanical properties of Si-TPE with suitable loadings, e.g. when the MP content was 28 wt%, the composite reached UL94-V0 rating, and Melamine polyphosphate tensile strength and Young's modulus were 3.5 MPa and 37.7 MPa, respectively.
Ynergetic enhancement on flame retardancy by melamine phosphate modified lignin in rice husk ash filled P34HB biocomposites.
Uses of Melamine polyphosphate:
As catalyst or foaming agent in fire retardant coating.
In vinyl acetate copolymer.
As effective flame retardant in thermoplastic polyester and pentaerythritol octahydrogen tetraphosphate.
As flame retardant for polystyrene.
As flame retardant for rubber.
As flame retardant for nylon 6/6, epoxy resin, and rigid polyurethane foam.
As flame retardant for polysiloxane moulding plastic body.
Stability And Reactivity of Melamine polyphosphate:
Stability:
Stable.
Conditions to Avoid:
Avoid static discharge.
Incompatibility:
Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
Hazardous Decomposition:
Products:
No decomposition expected under normal storage conditions.
Possibility of Hazardous:
Reactions:
None expected.
Handling And Storage of Melamine polyphosphate:
Handling: As with all industrial chemicals, use good industrial practices when handling.
Avoid eye, skin, and clothing contact.
Do not inhale.
Do not taste or swallow.
Use only with adequate ventilation.
Storage: Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.
First Aid Measures of Melamine polyphosphate:
Eyes: In the case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
Skin: Wash off immediately with soap and plenty of water.
Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, if not breathing give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen and get immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting.
If vomiting occurs naturally, have casualty lean forward to reduce the risk of aspiration.
Seek medical attention immediately.
Notes to physician: None known.
Fire Fighting Measures of Melamine polyphosphate:
Fire Fighting Measures: Standard procedure for chemical fires.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam or water mist.
Fire Fighting Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective suit.
Unusual hazards: The product can form an explosive dust/air mixture.
Hazardous Combustion:
Products:
Burning may produce toxic combustion products.
Accidental Release Measures of Melamine polyphosphate:
Cleanup Instructions: Sweep up and shovel into suitable containers for disposal.
Avoid dust formation.
Wear suitable protective equipment.
Should not be released into the environment.
Typical Properties of Melamine polyphosphate:
Appearance: white powder.
P %: 14‐16
Moisture content: % 0.2 max.
Decomposition temperature °C: 330 min.
Particle size (μm): 25 max.
Dosage: PPM
PA66: % 4900
Glass fibre: % 3500
MPP: % 2500
Additives: %100
Melamine polyphosphate is a coordination compound that has been used as an antimicrobial agent and polymer retardant.
KEYWORDS:
218768-84-4, 243-601-5, SLFR-7, MP, Phosphoric acid·melamine, Melamine polyphosphate>99%, INTUMESCENT COMPOUND KE 8000, MPP, UL94V-1, UL94V-0
These properties are typical but do not constitute a specification either in part or as a whole.
Chemical Properties of Melamine polyphosphate:
Appearance: White powder
Chemical Formula: HO(C3H7N6PO3)nH
N content (%): 42 to 44
P content (%): 12 to 14
pH value (10g/L): 4 to 6
Particle size µm: MPP-A - D50 ≤ 2.5, D98 ≤ 30
Particle size µm: MPP-B - D50 ≤ 1.7, D98 ≤ 18
Bulk density kg/m³: 300 to 500
Solubility (20°C) g/L: ≤ 0.05
Decomposition temperature: MPP-A - ≥ 375°C
Decomposition temperature: MPP-B - ≥ 360°C
Synonyms of Melamine polyphosphate:
SLFR-7
Einecs 243-601-5
Melamine polyphosphate
MelaMine phosphate (MP)
Phosphoric acid·melamine
Melamine phosphoric acid
MelaMine polyphosphate (MP)
Melamine polyphosphate,>99%
INTUMESCENT COMPOUND KE 8000
MelaMine polyphosphate (MPP)