Monopotassium phosphate = MKP
CAS Number: 7778-77-0
EC Number: 231-913-4
Chemical formula: KH2PO4
Molar mass: 136.086 g/mol
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) (also, potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula KH2PO4.
Together with dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4.(H2O)x) it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
The salt often cocrystallizes with the dipotassium salt as well as with phosphoric acid.
Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature.
At temperatures below −150 °C (−238 °F), they become ferroelectric.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) with formula KH2PO4, is manufactured from phosphoric acid and potassium carbonate.
Monopotassium phosphate is a water soluble, hygroscopic, white, odourless powder.
Monopotassium phosphate is used as a buffering agent, fertiliser and as a fungicide.
Monopotassium Phosphate is a derivative of Phosphoric Acid.
Monopotassium Phosphate is soluble in water.
Monopotassium Phosphate is a white crystalline powder with a melting point of 252oC.
Monopotassium phosphate should be stored in tightly closed containers in a Room Temperature.
Monopotassium Phosphate, also known as MKP and Potassium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate, is an odourless white crystalline powder.
Monopotassium phosphate is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.
Monopotassium phosphate has a number of uses across both manufacturing, industrial and horticultural including use in fertilisers, corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents, paints, adhesives, sealants and coatings, intermediates and surface treatment agents.
Crystalline monopotassium phosphate is one of the crucial fertilizers that plants need at early growing stages to establish their root system.
Monopotassium phosphates high purity and solubility in water make it a highly efficient source of phosphorous and potassium for plants.
In this project, an experimental work has been carried out to find the best operating conditions to produce monopotassium phosphate by reacting commercial potassium hydroxide with white phosphoric acid. Five operating variables were studied, these variables include the: reaction temperature, reaction time, crystallization temperature, crystallization time, and H3PO4 to KOH molar ratio.
The size of the obtained crystals in addition to the yield were used as main factors that been used to decide the best operating conditions.
Monopotassium phosphate has been found that a reaction temperature of 50oC, a reaction time of 60 minutes, a crystallization temperature of 10oC, a crystallization time of 30 minutes, and a molar ratio of 1 H3PO4 to 1 KOH are the best operating conditions that gave a reasonable yield and a satisfactory monopotassium phosphate crystal size.
Depending on the obtained experimental work results, a detailed material and energy balances were performed, followed by a comprehensive equipment’s design.
Monopotassium Phosphate is the monopotassium salt of phosphoric acid with the formula KH2PO4.
Monopotassium phosphate is freely soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Commercially available as pure KH2PO4, when reacted with MgO, produces high-quality ceramics.
Monopotassium phosphate is formed by the chloride or potassium carbonate reaction with phosphoric acid and the phosphate is derived in a pure form as a crystalline material.
Monopotassium phosphate is prepared industrially by adding 1 mol of a water solution of potassium hydroxide to 1 mol of phosphoric acid.
Monopotassium Phosphate is one of the most important inorganic compounds.
The main utilization of this compound is as fertilizer, food additive and buffering agent.
Sometimes the salt co-crystalizes with the dipotassium salt as well with the phosphoric acid.
IUPAC names of Monopotassium Phosphate are Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Potassium dihydrogen (tetraoxidophosphate) (1- ).
The systematic IUPAC name of Monopotassium Phosphate is Potassium dihyroxidophosphate (1-).
Other names of the compound are Potassium phosphate monobasic, Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt and Potassium biphosphate.
Monopotassium Phosphate is nothing but the monopotassium salt of phosphoric acid bearing the formula KH2PO4.
Monopotassium Phosphate is easily soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Monopotassium phosphate is commercially available. Monopotassium Phosphate produces ceramics of high quality at the time of its reaction with MgO.
The reaction between the chloride or potassium carbonate and the phosphate generally produce the above-mentioned compound.
In the reaction, phosphate is released in pure form as a crystalline material.
The industrial preparation of Monopotassium Phosphate involves adding of 1 mol of a water solution of potassium hydroxide to 1 mol of phosphoric acid.
There is a huge possibility of the existence of Monopotassium Phosphate in several polymorphs.
Paraelectric crystals with tetragonal symmetry are formed by the compound at room temperature.
If cooling is done up to -150 degree C (-238 degree F) it converts to a ferroelectric phase of orthorhombic symmetry.
If hydrogen is replaced by deuterium then the transition temperature shifts up to -50 degree C (-58 degree F).
The structure of the Monopotassium Phosphate is changed to monoclinic if the substance is heated up to 190 degree Celcius (374 degree F).
If the heat is increased further then Monopotassium Phosphate decomposes because of the loss of water and turns into potassium metaphosphate (KPO3) at 400 degree Celcius (752 degree F).
The complete structure of the Monopotassium Phosphate is given in the following table for the convenience of the students.
Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) is a potential option for fertigating phosphorus (P) in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) when petioles are low in P and high in nitrogen (N); which is a situation where using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) could potentially result in excessive N application.
Fertilizer trials were conducted in 2004–2006 with 0 or 56 kg P2O5 ha−1 fertigated as either APP or MKP as a supplement to the pre-plant P (112 or 224 kg P2O5 ha−1) broadcast applied to all plots. Supplemental P fertigation increased petiole P concentration, US No. 1 yield, and total yield over the control not receiving any in-season P fertilizer regardless of source.
In addition, MKP increased tuber specific gravity.
These results support previous studies showing that fertigated P can be used to increase potato yields when petiole P concentrations are low and that MKP is a viable substitute for APP fertilizer when fertigation is necessary.
Monopotassium phosphate (also known as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate, MKP) -- KH2PO4 -- is a soluble salt which is used as a fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate is also a buffering agent. When used in fertilizer mixtures with urea and ammonium phosphates, it minimizes escape of ammonia by keeping the pH at a relatively low level.
Fertilizer grade MKP contains the equivalent of 52% P2O5 and 34% K2O, and is labeled 0-52-34. MKP is often used as a nutrient source in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics.
Quickly dissolves to provide the essential plant nutrients, phosphorus and potassium, at all growth stages.
Minimizes the escape of ammonia when mixed with urea and ammonium phosphates by keeping the pH relatively low.
Monopotassium phosphate is used as a fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate is also a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate is one of the components of Gatorade and is used as an additive in cigarettes.
fine crystalline powder which dissolves quickly in water without any residues.
Monopotassium phosphate is suited to application through all fertigation systems – hydroponics, drip systems, low throw sprinklers, centre pivots and spray units.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP), is a potassium dihydrogenphosphate.
Monopotassium phosphate is a soluble salt of dihydrogen phosphate and potassium ion.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium for both animals including human, and plant.
Monopotassium phosphate is also applied as buffering agents in the different chemical reaction in industry.
Monopotassium phosphate is a good source for ammonium phosphate in feed, generally mixed with urea to increase the feeds effectiveness as it maintains soil pH and reduces the loss of feed used in the soil.
Other industrial application includes nutraceutical, cosmetics and personal care, and other industrial application.
The Monopotassium phosphate market is expected to witness steady global growth over the forecast period owing to its versatile application in growing industries such as hydroponic agriculture, pharmaceutical, and personal care cosmetics.
The Monopotassium phosphate market is segmented on the basis of form, and application.
Segmentation on the basis of form in the Monopotassium phosphate market is powder, crystal, and liquid. The powder form is expected to dominate the global monopotassium phosphate market over the forecast period owing to its larger demand resulted by its usage benefits such as controlled discharge per serving and homogeneous mixture formation with other macro-nutrient in the feed.
The liquid segment is expected to see larger growth rates in the global monopotassium phosphate market owing to increasing demand from hydro phonic agriculture industry and paint and coating industry.
On the basis of end-user, the global monopotassium phosphate market is segmented into food and beverage, pharmaceutical, animal feed and pet food, personal care and cosmetics, and others.
The animal feed and pet food segment are expected to dominate the global monopotassium phosphate market owing larger demand in terms of volume and increasing efficient feed additive in the animal feed industry.
Magnesium: Cation balance - high potassium levels in the plant or soil will reduce the availability of magnesium, reducing crop yields and quality.
Other cations such as ammonium, calcium, hydrogen (low pH) and aluminium can also reduce the availability of magnesium.
Nitrogen Free: Contains no nitrogen, making it an ideal source of phosphorus and potassium for late applications to fruiting plants when nitrogen applications need to be controlled.
Also an ideal source to use in conjunction with nitrogen fertilizers such as calcium nitrate (in separate stock tanks), or potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate or Urea.
Disease: Foliar applications may help suppress leaf diseases such as powdery mildew, when infection pressure is low.
Ammonia Free: Ideally suited for applications in hydroponics as it is free of ammonium.
Compatibility: Can be mixed with all water soluble fertilizers, except soluble calcium fertilizers and concentrated magnesium fertilizers.
Low EC: Low EC at 0.7 mS/cm. This means it is a relatively safe fertilizer to use for foliar application as the risk of burning or scorching foliage is minimal.
High purity: Free of chlorine, sodium and heavy metals.
Monopotassium Phosphate is formed when caustic potash lye or caustic potash flakes are added to the solution of phosphoric acid until the desired PH is obtained and further dried to obtain fine quality white powder.
Monopotassium phosphate is used in the Feed, but also used in the food fertilizer, ceramic and also being used as a flame-retardant.
Monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) crystals show a piezoelectric effect and are used in submarine sonar systems.
The physical properties, as well as chemical properties of Monopotassium Phosphate, are given in the following.
Monopotassium phosphate is an ionic compound used for electrolyte replenishment and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy.
Monopotassium Phosphate (KH2PO4) also known as potassium dihydrogenphosphate is an inorganic compound that is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
We are devotedly engaged in providing effective range of Monopotassium Phosphate.
This chemical is processed utilizing the superb quality ingredients and highly advanced methodology in adherence with the set norms.
Furthermore, the offered chemical is used as a buffering agent for the determination of PH value.
Offered chemical is obtainable in diverse customized packaging options as per the requirements of clientele.
Monopotassium Phosphate is a chemical compound that finds immense application in the fertilizer industry in the manufacturing of potash and other fertilizer products.
Monopotassium Phosphate is formed when caustic potash lye or caustic potash flakes are added to the solution of phosphoric acid until the desired PH is obtained and further dried to obtain fine quality white powder.
Monopotassium Phosphates is a rich source of phosphorous and potassium.
Types of Monopotssium phosphate
Monopotassium Phosphate AnhydrousPotassium Di Hydrogen PhosphatePotassium Phosphate MonobasicPotassium Di Hydrogen Ortho Phosphate
This soluble salt of potassium and dihydrogen phosphate is among the most widely used fertilizers, food additives, and fungicides.
As a source of phosphorus and potassium, it is a key component in numerous urea and ammonium phosphate-based fertilizers, largely due to its ability to regulate ammonia levels via a lower pH balance.
Adding monopotassium phosphate to a fertilizer compound enriches the fertilizer's ability to produce greater quantities of essential nitrogen to feed plants via its decomposition by nitrifying bacteria.
Plants with significantly greater supplies of nitrogen are able to withstand adverse weather conditions and lower rainfall levels more effectively, as well as producing more fruit upon reaching maturity.
Manufacture of this compound is accomplished by the action of exposing potassium carbonate to phosphoric acid.
The resulting substance is a clear paraelectric crystal shaped in tetragonal symmetry.
The primary use for most manufactured monopotassium phosphate is fertilizer, but it also has uses in optical modulations and nonlinear optics due to its crystalline nature.
Monopotassium Phosphate (Food Grade), also known as Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (MKP) is a white crystalline powder commonly used as a buffer, sequestrant and nutrient supplement in food such as energy beverages, coffee creamers, processed cheese, and low-sodium products.
Also, MKP can be used in food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals and chemical industry.
One of its more common uses is as a high efficient water-soluble fertilizer of phosphate-potassium for plants.
MKP is a fully water-soluble fertilizer, a highly efficient source of phosphorus and potassium for plants.
Monopotassium phosphate can be applied in combination with other fertilizers to meet crop nutritional needs throughout the growth cycle.
Monopotassium phosphates high purity and water-solubility make MKP an ideal fertilizer for foliar application.
Application of MKP at the productive stages of sugar-rich fruit crops helps to increase sugar content.
MKP is also suitable for preparation of fertilizer blends and production of liquid fertilizers.
As a nitrogen-free fertilizer, MKP is the preferred source of phosphorus and potassium when nitrogen fertilization should be limited.
Monopotassium phosphate (also, potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula KH2PO4.
KEYWORDS:
7778-77-0, 231-913-4, MKP, Potassium phosphate (K(H2PO4)), KH2PO4, UNII-4J9FJ0HL51, Orthophosphoric acid monopotassium salt, CHEBI:63036, MFCD00011401, 4J9FJ0HL51
Handling and Storage of Monopotassium phosphate:
Keep container closed when not in use.
Store in a tightly closed container.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Store protected from moisture.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Wash hands before eating.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Use with adequate ventilation.
Minimize dust generation and accumulation.
Avoid breathing dust, vapor, mist, or gas.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Keep container tightly closed.
Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Synthesis of Monopotassium phosphate:
The major raw material to all the phosphates is Phosphoric Acid.
Phosphoric Acid is manufactured from Rock Phosphate.
Phosphate rock is fed to a series of reactors along with recycled phosphoric acid from the process.
The phosphoric acid-fluoroapatite slurry is mixed with sulphuric acid which is added to the reactor series as a leaching agent.
After completing the reaction series, the process stream is washed with evaporator condensate while being forced through a filter.
The filter cake is composed primarily of gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O).
The Phosphoric Acid is concentrated to 75-100% by a series of evaporators and then cooled.
Monopotassium Phosphate is manufactured by taking a reaction between Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4).
The resulting slurry of MKP is solidified in a granulator.
Physical Properties of Monopotassium phosphate:
The physical properties of Monopotassium Phosphate are as follows:
Monopotassium Phosphate is odourless.
The physical appearance of the compound is a white powder which is deliquescent.
The covalently bonded unit of the compound is 2.
Heavy atom count of Monopotassium Phosphate is 6.
Complexity of the compound is 61.2.
Monopotassium Phosphate is freely soluble in water.
Chemical Properties of Monopotassium phosphate:
The chemical properties of Monopotassium Phosphate are as follows:
After dissolving in the water Monopotassium Phosphate forms phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide. The chemical equation of the above phenomenon is as follows:
KH2PO4 + H2O 🡪 H3PO4 + KOH
Disodium phosphate, water and potassium hydroxide are formed by the reaction between Monopotassium Phosphate and base.
The chemical formula of the above reaction is as follows:
KH2PO4 + 2NaOH 🡪 H2O + KOH + Na2HPO4
The reaction of phosphoric acid on potassium carbonate produces Monopotassium Phosphate.
Properties colorless tetragonal crystals or white crystalline powder.
melting point 252.6 ℃
relative density 2.338
solubility in water (90 ℃ for 83.5g/water). Insoluble in alcohol.
Preparation of Monopotassium phosphate:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be made by the partial neutralization of phosphoric acid with potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate.
Excess phosphoric acid is recommended as it will limit the generation of any monohydrogen phosphate species.
Monopotassium phosphate can easily be crystallized from solution due to its lower solubility at ambient temperatures.
preparation method of Monopotassium phosphate:
results from the interaction of phosphoric acid with potassium carbonate in an appropriate ratio.
Source of preparation of Monopotassium phosphate:
slowly add the calculated amount of potassium hydroxide solution in phosphoric acid neutralization reaction to generate potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and then after decolorization, filtration, concentration, cooling, precipitation crystallization, and then centrifugal separation, drying to give the finished product.
Features & Benefits of Monopotassium phosphate:
Highly-concentrated source of both Phosphorus and Potassium for plants
Ideal for application at reproductive (fruit setting) stage of fruit crops.
This increases sugar content thereby quality of fruits
Suitable for both foliar spraying and drip irrigation
Low salt content prevents clogging of drip system
Optimum quality
Enhanced shelf life
Accurate composition
Uses of Monopotassium phosphate:
In Food
Monopotassium Phosphate is widely used as in canned fish, processed meats, sausages, ham and baked goods.
Canned and dried vegetables, chewing gum, chocolate products, puddings, breakfast cereals, candies, crackers, pasta, fruit juices, dairy products, salt substitutes and other seasonings, soups and tofu can also contain potassium phosphate.
In Beverage
Monopotassium Phosphate can be used in beverage such as in soft drinks, condensed milk, alcoholic beverages, sport drink, energy drink.
In Pharmaceutical
Potassium phosphate supplements can be used for treating low phosphate levels.
In Health and Personal care
Monopotassium Phosphate used as pH Adjuster; BUFFERING in Cosmetics.
In Agriculture/Animal Feed/Poultry
Fertilizer-grade Monopotassium Phosphate powder used as a nutrient source in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics.
In Other Industries
Not enough is known about application of Monopotassium Phosphate in other industries.
Monopotassium Phosphate is used as a Fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is also used in Pulp & Paper Processing; Textiles; Metal Treatment Industry & in Buffers for determination of pH.
Approximately 52% of P2O5 and 34% of K2O are contained in fertilizer grade Monopotassium Phosphate powder.
The fertilizer grade Monopotassium Phosphate is symbolised as NPL 0-52-34.
There is a remarkable application of Monopotassium Phosphate in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics as a nutrient.
Monopotassium Phosphate is vastly used as a crystal for its non-linear optical properties.
The powder form of the compound applied in optical modulators and for non-linear optics like a second harmonic generation.
A modified form of Monopotassium Phosphate is termed as potassium di-deuterium phosphate (KD2PO4).
Non-linear frequency conversion of laser light is done by highly deuterated KDP in place of protonated (regular) KDP because the replacement of protons with deuterons in the crystal shifts the third overtone of the strong OH molecular stretch to longer wavelengths, moving it maximum out of the range of the basic line at apparently 1064 mm of neodymium- based lasers.
Regular KDP has the absorbance power at this particular wavelength of near about 4.7- 6.3% per cm of thickness at the time when highly deuterated KDP has an absorbance of typically less than 0.8% per cm.
Another notable utilization of Monopotassium Phosphate is as an ingredient in sports drinks like Gatorade and Powerade.
Monopotassium Phosphate is used in the preparation of sodium phosphates, ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates and other phosphates.
The compound is also used in eggs, low sodium products, meat products and milk products for colour preservation.
Used as a fertilizer because it contains potassium and phosphate that can be applied to both the soil and foliage.
Used in the manufacture of sodium phosphates, ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates and other phosphates.
For color preservation, it is used in eggs and is also used in low-sodium products, meat products and milk products.
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents
Intermediates
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Plating agents and surface treating agents
Adhesives and Sealants
Agricultural Products (non-pesticidal)
Building/Construction Materials
Lawn and Garden Care Products
Paints and Coatings
Photographic Supplies, Film, and Photochemicals
Used as fertilizer, flavoring agent, brewing yeast culture agent, for the preparation of buffer solution, also used in medicine and the manufacture of potassium metaphosphate.
Canned Fish
Processed Meats
Sausages & Ham
Baked Goods
Canned & Dried Vegetables
Chewing Gum
Candy
Crackers
Cereal
Fruit Juices
Dairy Products
Seasonings
Soft Drinks
pH Adjuster
Cosmetic Products
Availability of Monopotassium phosphate:
MKP is sold in some agricultural stores as fertilizer.
Hydroponics stores and companies sell it as a water-soluble nutrient.
Monopotassium phosphate can also be purchased from some pet stores for use in household aquariums.
How Monopotassium Phosphate is identified?
Monopotassium Phosphate can be identified by the following phenomenons:
CAS number of Monopotassium Phosphate is 7778-77-0.
3D model of the compound appears as an interactive image.
ChEMBL of Monopotassium Phosphate is ChEMBL 1200925.
ECHA InfoCard is 100.029.012.
EC Number of Monopotassium Phosphate is 231-913-4.
E Number of the compound is E340 (I).
RTECS Number of Monopotassium Phosphate is TC6615500.
Monopotassium Phosphate is one of the most vastly used compounds in the agricultural industry.
Though there are few hazards in utilizing this compound it is treated as one of the best fertilizers for the plant health.
Since it is freely soluble in water it is very easy to use in the field.
The hazards can be avoided by taking some preliminary and basic protections.
Since there are not too many hazardous components present in the compound there is very much less chance of side effect for its use.
Monopotassium Phosphate is commercially available at a very cheap rate and the farmers can buy this for agriculture.
The invention discloses a method for producing monopotassium phosphate.
Wet phosphoric acid is purified, liquid ammonia is introduced into the purified phosphoric acid to prepare monoammonium phosphate solution, and potassium chloride aqueous solution is added into the solution to generate monopotassium phosphate.
Excess potassium chloride and ammonia are transferred into a by-product N-P-K compound fertilizer to obtain a product with high purity and high yield.
A kind of method of producing potassium primary phosphate
Technical field: the invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to the method that a kind is produced potassium primary phosphate.
Background technology: potassium primary phosphate (KH 2PO 4) belong to the high concentration phosphorus K compound fertilizer, be a kind of good chlorideless potassic fertilizer, be applicable to various crops, also can be used in the industry such as catalysis, environmental protection.
Monopotassium phosphates production method has neutralisation, direct method, ion exchange method, electroosmose process, solvent extration, conventional double decomposition etc.Neutralisation is a raw material with thermal phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide (or salt of wormwood), has characteristics such as technological process is simple, facility investment is few, constant product quality, but the raw materials cost height; Conventional double decomposition is that raw material reacts with thermal phosphoric acid and Repone K, produces potassium primary phosphate by removing de-chlorine hydride, the temperature of reaction height, and byproduct hydrogen chloride corrodibility is big, and non-standard equipment is many, and unstable product quality easily produces potassium metaphosphate.
Solvent extration technical process complexity, the organic solvent costliness is invested higher.The author
Summary of the invention: it is raw material that the present invention selects liquefied ammonia, phosphoric acid by wet process, industrial potassium chloride for use, and the potassium primary phosphate by double decomposition production meets HG2321-1992 agricultural grade standard, and potassium primary phosphate yield 〉=83%, the mother liquor reusable edible.
The present invention is achieved in that
The purification of phosphoric acid by wet process
Phosphoric acid by wet process contains Fe, Al, Mg, Ca, Si, S, the F plurality of impurities, though and the low As bigger of content to the phosphate product quality influence, Pb etc. also contain medicament used in the phosphate rock floating process sometimes, and sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid corrosion extraction equipment and nonferrous metal ion of producing etc.With raw material with alcohol mixture (C 2H 5OH+C 4H 9OH) be solvent,, purify sour yield and can reach 84% by the technology of sedimentation method for purifying wet method phosphoric acid; P 2O 5Overall utilization is 98.9%, and precipitation slag can be used as fertilizer, and the purity that purifies acid reaches the level of thermal phosphoric acid, through technical economical analysis, purifies sour cost method of specific heat phosphoric acid low 20%.In purifying good phosphoric acid, feed liquefied ammonia and make ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, in solution, add potassium chloride solution then, concentration by increasing reactant Repone K and reduce the amount that is present in potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal in the mother liquor, molecular balance is moved to the positive reaction direction, be tending towards finishing, the principal reaction equation is as follows:
KCl (excessive)+ H 3PO 4+ OH -=KH 2PO 4+ Cl -+ H 2O
Owing to common-ion effcet, the rapid decline solubleness of simultaneous temperature also decreases potassium primary phosphate in water; Potassium primary phosphate crystalline amount also increases thereupon.Excessive Repone K and ammonia are transferred in the byproduct nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Embodiment: the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
With the raw material phosphoric acid by wet process with alcohol mixture (C 2H 5OH+C 4H 9OH) be solvent,, purify sour yield and can reach 84% by the technology of sedimentation method for purifying wet method phosphoric acid; P 2O 5Overall utilization is 98.9%, in purifying good phosphoric acid, feed liquefied ammonia and make ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, reaction times 50min, the replacement(metathesis)reaction temperature is selected in 80 ℃, add potassium chloride solution then in solution, Repone K is 2: 1 with the amount of substance ratio of phosphoric acid, and product is through check, the potassium primary phosphate massfraction is 98.1%, and quality meets HG2321-1992 agricultural grade standard: w (potassium primary phosphate) 〉=96.0%.
Drug Indication of Monopotassium phosphate:
Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications; Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use, and in wastewater treatment;
Absorption of Monopotassium phosphate:
Potassium salts are well absorbed from the GI tract.
Ingested phosphates are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
However, the presence of large amounts of calcium or aluminum may lead to formation of insoluble phosphate and reduce the net absorption.
Vitamin D stimulates phosphate absorption.
Volume of distribution of Monopotassium phosphate:
Potassium first enters the extracellular fluid and is then actively transported into the cells where its concentration is up to 40 times that outside the cell.
Dextrose, insulin, and oxygen facilitate movement of potassium into cells.
Mechanism of action of Monopotassium phosphate:
hosphorus has a number of important functions in the biochemistry of the body.
The bulk of the body's phosphorus is located in the bones, where it plays a key role in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities.
Enzymatically catalyzed phosphate-transfer reactions are numerous and vital in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein, and a proper concentration of the anion is of primary importance in assuring an orderly biochemical sequence.
ln addition, phosphorus plays an important role in modifying steady-state tissue concentrations of calcium.
Phosphate ions are important buffers of the intracellular fluid, and also play a primary role in the renal excretion of the hydrogen ion.
Oral administration of inorganic phosphates increases serum phosphate levels.
Phosphates lower urinary calcium levels in idiopathic hypercalciuria.
Pharmacology of Monopotassium phosphate:
Potassium is the major cation of intracellular fluid and is essential for maintenance of acid-base balance, isotonicity, and electrodynamic characteristics of the cell.
Potassium is an important activator in many enzymatic reactions and is essential to a number of physiologic processes including transmission of nerve impulses; contraction of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscles; gastric secretion; renal function; tissue synthesis; and carbohydrate metabolism.
Phosphate is a major intracellular anion that participates in providing energy for metabolism of substrates and contributes to important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in almost all organs and tissues.
Phosphate exerts a modifying influence on calcium concentrations, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium, and has a major role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications; Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use, and in wastewater treatment;
Potassium is the major cation of intracellular fluid and is essential for maintenance of acid-base balance, isotonicity, and electrodynamic characteristics of the cell.
Potassium is an important activator in many enzymatic reactions and is essential to a number of physiologic processes including transmission of nerve impulses; contraction of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscles; gastric secretion; renal function; tissue synthesis; and carbohydrate metabolism.
Phosphate is a major intracellular anion that participates in providing energy for metabolism of substrates and contributes to important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in almost all organs and tissues.
Phosphate exerts a modifying influence on calcium concentrations, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium, and has a major role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
Specifications of Monopotassium phosphate:
Purity: 99% Min
Appearance: White Crystal Powder
P2O5: 52% min
Moisture: 0.5%
Insoluble material: 0.2%
pH 5% Solution: 4 To 4.7
Solubility: Colourless Clear Solution
Structure of Monopotassium phosphate:
Monopotassium phosphate can exist in several polymorphs.
At room temperature it forms paraelectric crystals with tetragonal symmetry.
Upon cooling to −150 °C (−238 °F) it transforms to a ferroelectric phase of orthorhombic symmetry, and the transition temperature shifts up to −50 °C (−58 °F) when hydrogen is replaced by deuterium.
Heating to 190 °C (374 °F) changes its structure to monoclinic.
When heated further, MKP decomposes, by loss of water, to potassium metaphosphate, KPO3, at 400 °C (752 °F).
Crystal structure: Tetragonal
Space group: I42d
Lattice constant: a = 0.744 nm, b = 0.744 nm, c = 0.697 nm
Manufacturing of Monopotassium phosphate:
Monopotassium phosphate is produced by the action of phosphoric acid on potassium carbonate.
Analytic Laboratory Methods of Monopotassium phosphate:
reaction with sodium bitartrate produces a white crystalline precipitate that is soluble in ammonium hydroxide and in solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates (potassium test) /monobasic potassium phosphate/
reaction with silver nitrate produces a yellow precipitate that is soluble in nitric acid and in ammonium hydroxide (phosphate test) /monobasic potassium phosphate/Ü
with water; titration with sodium hydroxide to the inflection point to a pH of about 9.1 /monobasic potassium phosphate/
Applications of Monopotassium phosphate:
Fertilizer-grade MKP powder contains the equivalent of 52% P2O5 and 34% K2O, and is labeled NPK 0-52-34.
MKP powder is often used as a nutrient source in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics.
As a crystal, MKP is noted for its non-linear optical properties.
Used in optical modulators and for non-linear optics such as second-harmonic generation (SHG).
Also to be noted is KD*P, potassium dideuterium phosphate, with slightly different properties.
Highly deuterated KDP is used in nonlinear frequency conversion of laser light instead of protonated (regular) KDP due to the fact that the replacement of protons with deuterons in the crystal shifts the third overtone of the strong OH molecular stretch to longer wavelengths, moving it mostly out of the range of the fundamental line at approximately 1064 nm of neodymium-based lasers.
Regular KDP has absorbances at this wavelength of approximately 4.7–6.3% per cm of thickness while highly deuterated KDP has absorbances of typically less than 0.8% per cm.
Monopotassium phosphate is used as an ingredient in sports drinks such as Gatorade and Powerade.
In medicine, monopotassium phosphate is used for phosphate substitution in hypophosphatemia.
Monopotassium Phosphate is widely used as a buffering agent for the determination of PH value
Monopotassium Phosphate is also used as a food additive and as a fungicide
Monopotassium Phosphate when used with urea and ammonium phosphates, helps to capture ammonia gas in soil, by keeping PH level low
MPP is a rich source of phosphorous and potassium
Cleaning and safety of Monopotassium phosphate:
Products used for cleaning or safety in an occupational or industrial setting (e.g. industrial cleaning supplies or laundry detergent, eye wash, spill kits)
Cleaning products and household care, general household cleaning, bleach:
Products that remove stains or discoloration of fabric (including color-safe bleaches) used in laundry
Construction and building materials:
Materials used for construction (e.g. flooring, tile, sinks, bathtubs, mirrors, wall materials/drywall, wall-to-wall carpets, insulation, playground surfaces); includes semi-permanent fixtures such as faucets and light fixtures
Identifiers of Monopotassium phosphate:
CAS Number: 7778-77-0
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1200925
ChemSpider: 22914
ECHA InfoCard: 100.029.012
EC Number: 231-913-4
E number: E340(i) (antioxidants, ...)
RTECS number: TC6615500
UNII: 4J9FJ0HL51
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID0035667
InChI: InChI=1S/3K.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3*+1;/p-3 check
Key: LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K
InChI=1/3K.H3O4P/c;;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3*+1;/p-3
Key: LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-DFZHHIFOAX
SMILES: [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O
Properties of Monopotassium phosphate:
Chemical formula: KH2PO4
Molar mass: 136.086 g/mol
Appearance: White powder, deliquescent
Odor: Odorless
Density: 2.338 g/cm3
Melting point: 252.6 °C (486.7 °F; 525.8 K)
Boiling point: 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) , decomposes
Solubility in water: 22.6 g/100mL (20 °C) 83.5 g/100mL (90 °C)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in ethanol
Acidity (pKa): 6.86
Basicity (pKb): 11.9
Refractive index (nD): 1.4864
Synonym: Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Molecular Formula: KH2PO4
Molecular Weight: 136.09
Description: White Crystalline Powder
Solubility: Soluble In Water
Appearance Of Solution: Aq. Solution (10%) Is Clear And Colorless
Ph (5% W/V Solution): 4.2 -- 4.7
Chloride: Max. 0.01 %
Sulphate: Max. 0.05 %
Sodium: Max 0.2 %
Iron: Max. 0.002 %
Lead: Max. 0.002 %
Assay: 99.0 % -- 101.0 %
logP: -1
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 1.8
Physiological Charge: -2
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 4
Hydrogen Donor Count: 2
Polar Surface Area: 80.59 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Refractivity: 13.53 m3·mol-1
Polarizability: 5.53 Å3
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No
Molecular Weight: 136.086
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 135.93277702
Monoisotopic Mass: 135.93277702
Topological Polar Surface Area: 80.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 61.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Related compounds of Monopotassium phosphate:
Other cations: Monosodium phosphate, Monoammonium phosphate
Related compounds: Dipotassium phosphate, Tripotassium phosphate
Keyword of Monopotassium phosphate:
Chemical Compound
Monopotassium phosphate
Names:
IUPAC names
Potassium dihydrogenphosphate
Potassium dihydrogen(tetraoxidophosphate)(1−)
Systematic IUPAC name
Potassium dihydroxidodioxidophosphate(1−)
Other names of Monopotassium phosphate:
Potassium phosphate monobasic;
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt;
Potassium biphosphate
Synonyms of Monopotassium phosphate:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
7778-77-0
Potassium phosphate monobasic
MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
Monobasic potassium phosphate
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
Potassium acid phosphate
Potassium phosphate, monobasic
Monopotassiumphosphate
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Monopotassium monophosphate
Monopotassium orthophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate
Potassium dihydrogenorthophosphate
potassium dihydrogenphosphate
potassium;dihydrogen phosphate
Sorensen's potassium phosphate
Potassium phosphate (K(H2PO4))
KH2PO4
UNII-4J9FJ0HL51
Orthophosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
CHEBI:63036
MFCD00011401
4J9FJ0HL51
MKP
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:1)
Chlorine Titrimeter Reagent
Buffer Solution, pH 6.00
Buffer Solution, pH 7.00
Buffer Solution, pH 7.40
MFCD00147253
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate(V)
potassium biphosphate
HSDB 5046
Buffer Solution, pH 7.00, Color-Coded Yellow
Potassium orthophosphate, dihydrogen
EINECS 231-913-4
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076413
Potassium hydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4)
Potassium phosphate, monobasic [NF]
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:?)
Monopotassium Phosphate
mono-potassium phosphate
prim.-Potassium phosphate
H2KO4P
EC 231-913-4
Potassium phosphate,monobasic
potassium di-hydrogen phosphate
CHEMBL1200925
DTXSID0035667
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate,(S)
EINECS 240-213-8
BDBM50004328
Monopotassium dihydrogen monophosphate
AKOS015902364
AKOS028109678
Monopotassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
DB09413
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate monobasic
Potassium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous)
Potassium phosphate, monobasic (JAN/NF)
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Puratronic?
B7291
FT-0645117
W8424
D02050
Potassium phosphate monobasic, Trace metals grade
Q415049
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.0
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.2
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.4
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.5
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.6
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.0
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.4
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.5
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.6
UNII-B7862WZ632 component GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Potassium phosphate monobasic powder suitable for cell culture
Buffer solution, pH 1.68 (+/-0.01 at 25?C), No Color, Specpure, NIST Traceable
Monobasic potassium phosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen monophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate
Monopotassium monophosphate
Monopotassium orthophosphate
Potassium acid phosphate
Potassium biphosphate
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Potassium phosphate
Potassium phosphate monobasic
MeSH of Monopotassium phosphate:
dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
K2HPO4
KD2PO4
potassium acid phosphate
potassium dideuterium phosphate
potassium dihydrogen phosphate
potassium monohydrogen phosphate
potassium phosphate
potassium phosphate (K-H2PO4)
potassium phosphate (K-H3PO4(1:2))
potassium phosphate (K2-HPO4)
potassium phosphate (K3-PO4)
potassium phosphate, dibasic
potassium phosphate, monobasic
potassium phosphate, unspecified form