CAS Number: 497-18-7
Chemical formula: CH6N4O
Molar mass: 90.09 g/mol
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is the chemical compound with the formula OC(N2H3)2.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a white, water-soluble solid.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a derivative of hydrazine with a strong reduction.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the intermediate of producing energy-containing materials and also be used directly for the components of explosives and rocket propellant.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can also be used as the oxygen scavenger of boiler water and is the most advanced materials for scavenging oxygen of boiler water in the world today.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) has low toxicity, high melting point and a deoxidation efficiency being far greater than the materials currently used.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is an ideal product for both safety and environmental protection.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) decomposes upon melting.
A number of carbazides are known where one or more N-H groups are replaced by other substituents.
They occur widely in the drugs, herbicides, plant growth regulators, and dyestuffs.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is white crystal powder.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is very soluble in water and soluble in alcohol.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) decomposes on heating or exposure to uv to form ammonia, hydrogen, and nitrogen, which may be explosive with a blue flame when catalyzed by metal oxides and some metals such as platinum or raney nickel
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) has dibasic and very reactive properties.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as a component in jet fuels because it produce a large amount of heat when burned.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as rocket fuel.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as an oxygen scavenger for water boiler feed and heating systems to prevent corrosion damage.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as a reducing agent for the recovery of precious metals.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as a polymerization catalyst and a chain extender in urethane coatings.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as an auxiliary in photographic industry to prevent discolouration.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals, stabilizers and water treatment chemicals.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) and its derivatives are versatile intermediates.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) have active applications in organic synthesis for agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, photographic, heat stabilizers, polymerization catalysts, flame- retardants, blowing agents for plastics, explosives, and dyes.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) Chemical Properties, Uses and Production:
Product Features of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a white crystalline thin and short columnar crystal or white powder at room temperature.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is insoluble in alcohol, easily soluble in water with dissolution absorbing heat.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is insoluble in alcohol, ether, and benzene.
Owing to that, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a kind of derivative of hydrazine and thus having strong reduction ability.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is non-toxic, and can replace hydrazine and oximes.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) has a broad range of application in industry.
For example, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the oxygen scavenging agent of boiler water in the field of water treatment and is regarded as most advanced materials for oxygen scavenging of boiler water.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) has a low toxicity and high melting point with its deoxidizing efficiency being far greater than the current materials used and is a idea product for both safety and environmental protection.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can also be used as a rocket propellant components; moreover, owing to that its hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom is easily substituted by other groups.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the cross-linking agents of elastic fibers in the textile field, the formaldehyde scavenger, as well as the antioxidant of carotene pigment.
In addition, adding an appropriate amount of carbohydrazide to the phenol fungicides containing can play a role on preventing discoloration and rancidity.
As a chemical raw material and chemical industry intermediates, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is widely used in medicine, herbicides, plant growth regulators, dyes and other industries.
Oxygen scavenger of the boiler water:
When acting as the oxygen scavenger of boiler water, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) may be directly added into the water while its aqueous solution can also be used.
The usage amount of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) for scavenging 1mol O2 is 0.5mol, and should be appropriately in excess.
The proper temperature range of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is 87.8-176.7 ℃.
The optimal time for applying 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is after the thermal scavenging of oxygen.
The reaction of oxygen and 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is as follows: CON4H6 + 2O2 = 2N2 + 3H2O + CO2
Appearance: fine white crystals or white short columnar crystals
Purity% ≥98.0%
Free hydrazine ≤250.0mg/L
Loss of weight by drying ≤0.2%
PH (12% aqueous solution) 8.45 ± 1.25
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as an oxygen scavenger for water boiler feed and heating systems to prevent corrosion damage.
KEYWORDS:
497-18-7, Hydrazine carbonyldi-, Carbazic acid hydrazide, Urea NN'-diamino-, Semicarbazide 4-amino-, Carbonic acid dihydrazide, CH6N4O, BRN 1747069, UNII-W8V7FYY4WH, NSC 1934
Uses of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is widely used in the production of pharmaceuticals, herbicides, plant growth regulators, dyes, etc.
(1) 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a derivative of hydrazine with a strong reduction.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be not only used as the intermediates for producing energy-containing materials, but also can be used directly as the components of explosives and propellants.
(2) 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the preservative of refinery equipment and can also be used as the oxygen scavenger of boiler water treatment agent
(3) 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the cross-linking agent of the elastic fiber in the field of chemical fiber industry
(4) 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the chemical raw materials and chemical industrial intermediates and is widely used in medicine, herbicides, plant growth regulators, dyes and other industries.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the component of the rocket propellant, the stabilizer of color development and soap quality, the antioxidants of rubber, the oxygen scavenger of boiler water, and the passivation agent of metal.
In addition, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as the cross-linking agent of the elastic fiber in the field of chemical fiber industry.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can also be used as the chemical raw materials and chemical industrial intermediates and is widely used in medicine, herbicides, plant growth regulators, dyes and other industries.
Acute toxicity of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Intraperitoneal-mouse LD50: 167 mg/kg; Intravenous-Mouse LD50: 120 mg/kg.
Explosive and hazardous characteristics of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is explosive upon heating.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can generate explosive diazide compound upon reaction with nitrous acid.
Flammability and hazard characteristics of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Thermal decomposition into toxic nitric oxide gas.
Extinguishing agent:
Water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, foam.
Chemical Properties of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
White powder
Uses of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Organic intermediate and photographic chemical.
Definition of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
ChEBI: 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) obtained by formal condensation between hydrazinecarboxylic acid and hydrazine.
Safety Profile of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Poison by intravenous and intraperitoneal routes.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) reacts with nitrous acid to form the explosive carbonic dazide.
When heated to decomposition 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) emits toxic fumes of NOx.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a white crystalline powder or pellets.
The active content of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is 98.0 % - 100.9%.
Usage of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as an oxygen scavenger to prevent corrosion especially in a boiler feed system, rocket propellant components, color images and the quality of soap stabilizers, antioxidants rubber, boiler water deoxidants, and metal passivation agents.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is also used as an intermediate for organic synthesis.
CAS No.: 497-18-7
EINECS: 207-837-2
Molecular Formula: CH6N4O
Molecular Weight: 90.09
Applications of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used:
-As an oxygen scavenger.
-In the synthesis of polydentate Schiff base ligands with various aldehydes and ligands by condensation.
-In the synthesis of trifluoromethyl-containing (E)-N′-arylidene-1H-pyrazole-1-carbohydrazides by cyclocondensation reaction which shows antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
Production of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Industrially 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is produced by treatment of urea with hydrazine:
OC(NH2)2 + 2 N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + 2 NH3
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can also be prepared by reactions of other C1-precursors with hydrazine, such as carbonate esters.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be prepared from phosgene, but this route cogenerates the hydrazinium salt [N2H5]Cl and results in some diformylation.
Carbazic acid is also a suitable precursor:
N2NH3CO2H + N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + H2O
Structure of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is nonplanar.
All nitrogen centers are at least somewhat pyramidal, indicative of weaker C-N pi-bonding.
The C-N and C-O distances are about 1.36 and 1.25 Å, respectively.
Industrial uses of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Oxygen scrubber:
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used to remove oxygen in boiler systems.
Oxygen scrubbers prevent corrosion.
Precursor to polymers:
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used as a curing agent for epoxide-type resins.
Photography:
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used in the silver halide diffusion process as one of the toners.
IUPAC name:
1,3-Diaminourea
Density: 1.341 g/cm3
Melting point: 153 to 154 °C
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used to stabilize color developers that produce images of the azo-methine and azine classes.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) has been used to develop ammunition propellants, stabilize soaps, and used a reagent in organic synthesis.
Hazards of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
Heating 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) may result in an explosion.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is harmful if swallowed, irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is toxic to aquatic organisms.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 153°C.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) decomposes upon melting and is highly water soluble.
1. Indirect reaction (> 180°C) (N2 H3 )2CO + H2 O i 2N2 H4 + CO2 2N2 H4 + 2O2 i 4H2 O + 2N2
2. Decomposition (> 200°C) (N2 H3 )2CO + H2 O i 2NH3 + N2 + H2 + CO2 The theoretical dosage required to scavenge one part DO2 is 1.4 parts 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide)
.
Many of the same benefits of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) are provided but without the carcinogen risk: ammonia generation with pH increase and efficient corrosion protection, magnetite creation as protective layer.
For these reasons, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a good alternative to hydrazine.
MECHANISM of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) reacts with dissolved oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide as shown in the following reaction formula.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is known to have a higher dissolved oxygen removal rate than hydrazine up to 85 ° C.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) hydrolyzes to 150 ° C to generate hydrazine and carbon dioxide, and decomposes to ammonia, nitrogen and hydrogen at temperatures above 200 ° C.
Unlike hydrazine, however, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is not recognized as a carcinogen and is less toxic than hydrazine.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide), which is marketed under different trade names, was believed to be a good alternative to hydrazinethat provides all of the additional benefits desired of an alternative oxygen scavenger of being safe to handle but without the deleterious impact on the cycle chemistry.
Usage of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
When used as de-oxidant in boiler, put this product into water or use its water solution, the dosage of 0.5mol or above of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) for 1mol O2 is preferred.
The suitable temperature range of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is 87.8-176.7℃.
The reaction for 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) with O2 is CON4H6+ 2O2= 2N2 + 3H2O + CO2
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is added to boiler system water as an oxygen scavenger to control corrosion.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a safer alternative to hydrazine, which is toxic.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) reacts with oxygen at low temperatures and pressures.
The products of the reaction are volatile and do not contribute dissolved solids to the boiler water.
Like hydrazine, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) will also passivate metal surfaces.
NOTES:
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a good oxygen scavenger for use in water treatment applications, especially for protecting boiler feed systems.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is also commony used as a specialty chemical intermediate in organic synthesis.
FUNCTIONS: Intermediates, Chemical Intermediate
INDUSTRY: Industrial, Water Treatment, Specialty Chemicals
BENEFITS OF CARBOHYDRAZIDE:
-1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is an oxygen scavenger that contributes no inorganic solids to the feed water or boiler water.
-1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is an oxygen scavenger that DOES NOT decomposes in organic acid species.
-1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) contributes to passivation.
-1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) controls oxygen corrosion.
Efficient operation of boilers and other steam-run equipment requires chemical treatment of feed water to control corrosion.
Corrosion in such systems usually arises as a result of oxygen attack on steel in water supply equipment, pre-boiler systems, boiler and condensate return lines.
Unfortunately, oxygen attack on steel is accelerated by the unavoidably high temperatures found in boilers.
In most modern boiler systems, dissolved oxygen is handled firstly mechanically and then chemically scavenging the remainder.
Chemical scavenging of the remaining dissolved oxygen is widely accomplished by treating the water with Hydrazine.
However, Hydrazine is recognized as an extremely toxic chemical and possesses severe health threats.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) based oxygen scavenger contains corrosion owing to dissolved oxygen, without adding any inorganic solids to the boiler water.
This particular class of oxygen scavenger does not decompose into organic acid species and works by promoting the formation of passivating metal oxide films without interfering with the action of other treatment chemicals.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) minimizes oxygen induced corrosion and pitting, iron oxide deposition and scaling of feed-water lines, de-aerators, and internal steam boiler with these advanced boiler oxygen scavengers.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is mainly available in two variants - powder and liquid.
In solid form, 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is white crystalline in appearance, completely soluble in water, decomposes around 153°C/ 307.4 F.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is based on volatile chemistry which leaves no dissolved solids, and ammonia to the boiler system.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) prevents corrosion by forming a protective passive film on metal and boosting pH in condensate line, thereby increasing the shelf-life of boilers.
Although 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) may be added to the boiler system at any point, it is most efficient to treat the boiler feed water, preferably as it comes from the de-gasifiers.
Residence times prior to steam formation should be maximized to obtain maximum corrosion protection.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is an effective oxygen scavenger and metal passivator over the entire range of temperatures to which the boiler is generally subjected.
Key Features and Benefits of 1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide):
-Long time protection and control against corrosion
-Non carcinogenic nature
-Easy to dose
-Promotes passivation on metal surfaces
-Non residual
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is an urea derivative in which both the amide groups of urea have been replaced by hydrazine residues.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is a white crystals; melting point 153 C; very soluble in alcohol and water.
Chemical oxygen scavengers are used to scavenge remaining oxygen water to prevent the corrosion in the closed water system.
Oxygen scavengers include several organic and inorganic types such as hydrazine, hydroquinone, diethylhydroxyethanol, oximes, and sulfites.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide), an analogue of hydrazine, is used to replace hydrazine which is associated safety hazards and handling precautions.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) can be used when thermal and pressure stability is required such as in boiler feed system.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as an auxiliary in photographic industry to prevent discolouration.
1,3-Diaminourea (Carbohydrazide) is used as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals, stabilizers and water treatment chemicals.
Synonyms:
Carbonohydrazide
carbonohydrazide
Carbonic dihydrazide
IUPAC names:
1,3 diaminourea
1,3-Diaminourea
1,3-diaminourea
Carbohydrazide
carbohydrazide
CarboHydrazide
Carbohydrazide
Carbonohydrazide
carbonohydrazide
Carboydrazide
diaminourea
carbonodihydrazide
hydrazinecarboxamide
cabazide
N-aminohydrazinecarboxamide
N-aminohydrazine carboxamide
4-aminosemicarbazide
hydrazide hydrazinecarboxylic acid
carbodihydrazide
carbonohydrazide
carbonic dihydrazide
carbazide
N,N'-diaminourea
carbonylbis-hydrazine
1,3-diaminourea
Trade names:
Carbonodihydrazide CDH
Carbohydrazide
497-18-7
Carbonic dihydrazide
1,3-Diaminourea
Carbonohydrazide
Carbazide
Carbodihydrazide
Hydrazine, carbonyldi-
Hydrazine, carbonylbis-
Carbazic acid, hydrazide
Urea, N,N'-diamino-
Semicarbazide, 4-amino-
Carbonic acid, dihydrazide
Cabazide
Karbazid
Hydrazinecarboxamide, N-amino-
Urea, 1,3-diamino-
carbonyl dihydrazine
Hydrazinecarboxylic acid, hydrazide
1,3-Diaminomocovina
Carbonohydrazid
UNII-W8V7FYY4WH
carbonodihydrazide
NSC 1934
N,N'-diaminourea
4-aminosemicarbazide
carbonylbis-hydrazine
hydrazinecarbohydrazide
N-aminohydrazinecarboxamide
W8V7FYY4WH
N-aminohydrazine carboxamide
hydrazide hydrazinecarboxylic acid
MFCD00007591
Carbohydrazide, 97%
Karbazid [Czech]
1,3-Diaminomocovina [Czech]
EINECS 207-837-2
CH6N4O
BRN 1747069
AI3-52397
carbonyldihydrazide
Urea,3-diamino-
Urea,N'-diamino-
Carbohydrazide, 98%
1,3-bis(azanyl)urea
Other names:
Carbonic dihydrazide
Carbazide
Carbodihydrazide
Carbonic acid, dihydrazide
Carbonohydrazide
Hydrazine, carbonylbis-
Hydrazinecarboxamide, N-amino-
Hydrazinecarboxylic acid, hydrazide
Urea, N,N'-diamino-
Carbazic acid, hydrazide
Hydrazine, carbonyldi-
Semicarbazide, 4-amino-
Urea, 1,3-diamino-
1,3-Diaminourea
Cabazide
1,3-Diaminomocovina
Karbazid
NSC 1934