GUAR GUM E412

Guar Gum E412 is an additive used as a thickener, gelling agent, flour treatment agent and bulking agent.
Guar Gum E412 comes from the seeds of the Cyamopsis tree, which is native to India.
Guar Gum E412 is used in the food industry as a thickener and gelling agent in soup, mashed potatoes, desserts condiments and mayonnaises, among others.

CAS Number: 9000-30-0
E number: E412 (thickeners, ...)

Guar Gum E412, also called guaran, is a galactomannan polysaccharide extracted from guar beans that has thickening and stabilizing properties useful in food, feed, and industrial applications.
The guar seeds are mechanically dehusked, hydrated, milled and screened according to application.
Guar Gum E412 is typically produced as a free-flowing, off-white powder.

Production and trade of Guar Gum E412:
The guar bean is principally grown in India, Pakistan, the United States, Australia and Africa.
India is the largest producer, accounting for nearly 80% of the world production.

In India, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Haryana are the main producing regions.
The US has produced 4,600 to 14,000 tonnes of guar over the last 5 years.

Texas acreage since 1999 has fluctuated from about 7,000 to 50,000 acres.
The world production for Guar Gum E412 and its derivatives is about 1.0 million tonnes.
Non-food Guar Gum E412 accounts for about 40% of the total demand.

Guar Gum E412 is derived from endosperm of the guar plant (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba).
Guar is a legume crop, which grows best in sandy soils and needs moderate, intermittent rainfall with lots of sunshine.

Guar Gum E412 is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide composed of galactose and mannose units combined through glycosidic linkages.
Guar Gum E412 is a white to cream-colored powder, which is available in different viscosities and granulometries depending on the applications.

Guar Gum E412 is used as a thickening and binding agent in the food, textile, paper, pharmaceutical and oil industry.
Highly refined Guar Gum E412 is used in the food industry as a stabilizer in ice creams, as a meat binder and a stabilizer for cheeses, instant puddings and whipped cream substitutes.
Guar Gum E412 is used in industrial applications including cloth and paper manufacture, oil well drilling, explosives, ore flotation, and many other applications.

Taste and Aroma:
Guar Gum E412 is odorless with a slightly bitter taste.
Guar Gum E412 should not impact the taste of the final product in the quantities typically used.

Uses of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is a highly effective gluten free thickener and stabilizer.
Great in sauces, soup, marinades, baking mixes, hot beverages, pastries, bread, stew, popsicles, smoothies, protein shakes, pudding, pizza dough, dressings and ice cream.

Substitutes:
Locust Bean Gum, Xanthan Gum and Gum Arabic Powder Organic

Food Additive Number of Guar Gum:
412

Properties Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is a water soluble powder obtained from plant mucilage (Cyanopis tetragonoloba).

KEY PROPERTIES of Guar Gum E412:
Easy solubility in both cold and hot water
Stable in solutions over a wide range of pH values from 2 - 10
Film forming property
Resistance to oils, greases and solvent
Better thickening agent
Water binding capacity
High viscosity
Functioning at low temperatures
Compatible with many other hydrocolloids used in food formulations
Versatility due to number of free hydroxy groups to make derivatives for specific applications.

Uses of Guar Gum E412:
Pharmaceuticals - binder in tablet mixtures, thickener and emulsifier in food products for example cheese spreads, ice cream and other frozen deserts.
The resulting water solution is pretty much tasteless, odourless and non toxic.

Fun Fact:
Guar Gum E412 gives you great bang for your buck, as it is 8 times stronger in its thickening properties compared to more conventional cornstarch.
Guar Gum E412 is used to make emulsions, for marbling colors, and to thicken water-based paint.

Source:
Guar Gum E412 is the ground endosperm of guar beans.
The guar seeds are dehusked, milled, and screened to obtain the Guar Gum E412.
Our Guar Gum E412 is produced in Pakistan as a free-flowing, pale, off-white, fine ground powder, greater than 200 mesh.

Guar Gum E412 is a polysaccharide composed of the sugars galactose and mannose.
Guar Gum E412 is more soluble than locust bean gum and is a better emulsifier.
Unlike locust bean gum, it is not self-gelling.

However, either borax or calcium (soluble calcium compounds, such as calcium chloride, are more effective) can cross-link Guar Gum E412, causing it to gel.
In water, Guar Gum E412 is nonionic and hydrocolloidal.

Guar Gum E412 is not affected by ionic strength or pH but will degrade at pH extremes.
Guar Gum E412 remains stable in solution over the pH range of 5-7.
Strong acids and alkalies can reduce its viscosity in solution.

Guar Gum E412 (E412) is readily soluble in cold water, forming a high viscosity solution at low concentrations which increases in viscosity as temperature rises.
Guar Gum E412 is widely used for its gelling, thickening and stabilising effect on emulsions and suspensions and often blended with other rheology modifiers, particularly Xanthan gum as the two combine to give greatly increased effects.

Applications of Guar Gum E412:
Thickening: Guar Gum E412 shows high low-shear viscosity but is strongly shear-thinning.
Guar Gum E412 is very thixotropic above 1% concentration, but below 0.3% its thixotropy is slight.
Guar Gum E412 has a much greater low-shear viscosity than that of other hydrocolloid gums.

Guar Gum E412 shows viscosity synergy with xanthan gum.
Guar Gum E412 and casein mixtures can be slightly thixotropic.
Guar Gum E412 is used to thicken water-based paints, such as watercolor and casein paints.

Emulsifying Agent: Guar Gum E412 has almost 8 times the water-thickening potency of cornstarch—only a very small quantity is needed for producing sufficient viscosity.
Thus Guar Gum E412 is used effectively as an emulsifier because it helps to prevent oil droplets from coalescing, and as a stabilizer, because it helps to prevent solid particles from settling.

What is Guar Gum E412?
Guar Gum E412 is a fine powdered fiber created from the ground seeds of the guar plant.
Guar Gum E412 is used in food products as a thickener and a binder.
Guar Gum E412 is often considered to resemble Locust Bean and Carob Bean Gum.

How is Guar Gum E412 made?
Guar Gum E412 is created by de-husking, then milling, and finally sorting the pea-related plant called the guar bean.
Guar Gum E412 is then ground into a powder form.

Why is Guar Gum E412 in my food?
Guar Gum E412 acts as a thickening, stabilizing, suspending, and binding agent for food products.
Guar Gum E412 keeps ingredients like fat and oils from separating.

What foods and beverages contain Guar Gum E412?
Guar Gum E412 can be found in soups, stews, ice cream, yogurt, and marinades.
Guar Gum E412 is also used in plant-based milks such as flax, almond, coconut, soy, and hemp.

Is Guar Gum E412 permitted for use in the U.S. and in other countries?
Guar Gum E412 is recognized as a Generally Recognized As Safe or GRAS substance.
Guar Gum E412 is permitted as a food additive in the European Union in accordance with Annex II and Annex III to Regulation (EC) 1333/2008 on food additives.
Other countries that import Guar Gum E412 include Canada, China, Chile, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Portugal, and Mexico.

Can Guar Gum E412 be used in foods marketed as organic, vegetarian, halal or kosher?
Yes, in certain forms, Guar Gum E412 is permitted in foods marketed as organic.

Guar Gum E412 may also be used in foods certified as halal or kosher.
Guar Gum E412 may be used in foods marketed as vegetarian or vegan.

How does Guar Gum E412 benefit my health?
Guar Gum E412 aids in creating gluten-free baked goods for those who cannot or choose not to consume gluten.
Guar Gum E412 can also help you feel full faster, which may aid in weight loss.

Why is Guar Gum E412 necessary in foods and beverages?
Guar Gum E412 adds texture, thickness, and creaminess to foods like soups or stews.
Guar Gum E412 also binds together ingredients like fats and oils to keep them from separating.

How does the production and use of Guar Gum E412 impact the environment?
The guar plant is a low emission crop.
Guar Gum E412 is drought tolerant, which means it can be grown in dry/semi-dry environments that might not otherwise be as environmentally useful.
The guar plant also has a longer growing cycle which extends the length of time it contributes to air purification.

How does Guar Gum E412 make food more affordable?
Guar Gum E412 thickens foods, which allows the producer to make more of a certain product at a lower cost.
When Guar Gum E412 acts as a binder, it keeps key ingredients together in one solid product.
This allows the product to stay fresh longer, furthering its shelf life and cutting down on food waste.

Does Guar Gum E412 contain genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
No, Guar Gum E412 does not contain genetically modified organisms.

Is Guar Gum E412 safe for children?
Foods containing Guar Gum E412 are safe when consumed in moderation.

how long has Guar Gum E412 been used in foods?
Guar Gum E412 has been used more commonly in foods since the 1940s, right after World War II.

What is Guar Gum E412?
Guar Gum E412 is a gel-forming hydrocolloid obtained from the endosperm of the guar plant seed.
Guar Gum E412 is a soluble dietary fiber, fat replacer and an effective additive in gluten free food products.

Common uses of Guar Gum E412 in the food industry are based on its properties:
Emulsifying
Stabilizing
Thickening
Viscosity building

Guar Gum E412 is an additive used as a thickener, gelling agent, flour treatment agent and bulking agent.

KEYWORDS:
9000-30-0, 232-536-8, TP/20A, E412, (2S 5'R)-7-chloro-3' 4 6-trimethoxy-5'-methylspiro[1-benzofuran-2 4'-cyclohex-2-ene]-1' 3-dione, Cyamopsis gum, Cyanopsis tetragonoloba, galactomannan polysaccharide, Guar gum, Guar Hyroxypropyl Trimonium Chloride

Origin of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is derived from the Cyamopsis tetragonoloba plant, a member of the Leguminosae family.
The domesticated species has been cultivated for centuries in India and Pakistan for human consumption and animal feed.

Guar Gum E412 production in the United States was developed in the late 1940s and early 1950s.
Mainly, as a replacement to locust bean gum in the textile and paper manufacturing.

CHARACTERISTICS of Guar Gum E412:
Dose:
2-10 g / kg

Freezability:
Freezable

Thermo-reversibility:
Irreversible

Origin:
Natural

Base type:
All liquids

Preparation:
Hot and cold

About Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
Guar Gum E412 is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Biocidal Uses of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is being reviewed for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, food and animals feeds.

Consumer Uses of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, polishes and waxes, adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, anti-freeze products, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

Article service life of Guar Gum E412:
Release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
Other release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Guar Gum E412 can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).
Guar Gum E412 can be found in products with material based on: metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery) and metal used for furniture & furnishings (e.g. outdoor furniture, benches, tables).

Widespread uses by professional workers of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is used in the following products: plant protection products, washing & cleaning products, laboratory chemicals, cosmetics and personal care products, coating products, lubricants and greases, polishes and waxes and perfumes and fragrances.
Guar Gum E412 is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Guar Gum E412 is used for the manufacture of: and chemicals.
Other release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

Formulation or re-packing of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, laboratory chemicals, washing & cleaning products and inks and toners.
Release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Uses at industrial sites of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, coating products, metal working fluids, cosmetics and personal care products, laboratory chemicals, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), lubricants and greases, textile treatment products and dyes and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Guar Gum E412 is used for the manufacture of: and chemicals.
Release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Manufacture of Guar Gum E412:
Release to the environment of Guar Gum E412 can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, in processing aids at industrial sites and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Guar Gum E412 is a dietary fibre advocated for use in lowering serum total cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolaemia.
Guar Gum E412s mechanism of action is proposed to be similar to that of the bile-sequestering resins.

Although Guar Gum E412 is also employed as an adjunct in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients this review is restricted to its efficacy as a hypolipidaemic agent.
Clinical trials indicate that, when used alone, Guar Gum E412 may reduce serum total cholesterol by 10 to 15%, although some studies show no significant response.

An attenuation of this effect during longer term treatment has been seen but evidence of this effect is equivocal.
As an adjunct to established therapies (bezafibrate, lovastatin or gemfibrozil) Guar Gum E412 has shown some promise: it may produce a further reduction in total cholesterol of about 10% in patients not responding adequately to these drugs alone.

Gastrointestinal effects, notably flatulence, occur relatively frequently and may be considered unacceptable by some patients.
Standardization of formulations and methods of administration of Guar Gum E412 is required to clarify its pharmacological and clinical properties.

Thus, on the basis of presently available evidence Guar Gum E412 as monotherapy may be considered at most modestly effective in reducing serum cholesterol levels.
Nonetheless, further investigation of Guar Gum E412 is warranted, particularly its use as an adjunct to produce additional reductions in serum cholesterol in patients not responding optimally to other lipid-lowering agents.

Characteristics and applications of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 thickener is soluble in cold water and provides high viscosity.
Guar Gum E412 is applied to products that have to be subjected to high temperatures and, in general, as a complement to other thickening ingredients.
In gastronomy Guar Gum E412 is used to make fresh cheeses, ice cream, croquettes, sauces, bakery products, jams, jellies, marmalades, etc.

OVERVIEW:
Guar Gum E412 is a fiber from the seed of the guar plant.
Guar Gum E412 is used as a laxative.

Ingredients: Guar Gum E412

Recommended use: Approx. 0.2% as stabilizer, to prepare pure gels up to 1%.

Storage of Guar Gum E412: Thanks to our packaging can be stored anywhere at room temperature, clean and dry, away from direct sunlight.

Guar Gum E412 is also used for treating diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), obesity, and diabetes; for reducing cholesterol; and for preventing “hardening of the arteries” (atherosclerosis).
In foods and beverages, Guar Gum E412 is used as a thickening, stabilizing, suspending, and binding agent.
In manufacturing, Guar Gum E412 is used as a binding agent in tablets, and as a thickening agent in lotions and creams.

How does Guar Gum E412 work?
Guar Gum E412 is a fiber that normalizes the moisture content of the stool, absorbing excess liquid in diarrhea, and softening the stool in constipation.
Guar Gum E412 also might help decrease the amount of cholesterol and glucose that is absorbed in the stomach and intestines.

There is some interest in using Guar Gum E412 for weight loss because Guar Gum E412 expands in the intestine, causing a sense of fullness.
Guar Gum E412 may decrease appetite.

Identifiers of Guar Gum E412:
CAS Number: 9000-30-0
ChemSpider: none
ECHA InfoCard: 100.029.567
E number: E412 (thickeners, ...)
UNII: E89I1637KE
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID3020675

Properties of Guar Gum E412:
Density: 0.8-1.0 g/mL at 25 °C
Acidity (pKa): 5-7

Properties of Guar Gum E412:
Chemical composition of Guar Gum E412:
Chemically, Guar Gum E412 is an exo-polysaccharide composed of the sugars galactose and mannose.
The backbone is a linear chain of β 1,4-linked mannose residues to which galactose residues are 1,6-linked at every second mannose, forming short side-branches.
Guar Gum E412 has the ability to withstand temperatures of 80 °C (176 °F) for five minutes.

Solubility and viscosity of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is more soluble than locust bean gum due to its extra galactose branch points.
Unlike locust bean gum, Guar Gum E412 is not self-gelling.

Either borax or calcium can cross-link Guar Gum E412, causing it to gel.
In water, Guar Gum E412 is nonionic and hydrocolloidal.

Guar Gum E412 is not affected by ionic strength or pH, but will degrade at extreme pH and temperature (e.g. pH 3 at 50 °C).
Guar Gum E412 remains stable in solution over pH range 5–7.

Strong acids cause hydrolysis and loss of viscosity and alkalies in strong concentration also tend to reduce viscosity.
Guar Gum E412 is insoluble in most hydrocarbon solvents.

The viscosity attained is dependent on time, temperature, concentration, pH, rate of agitation and particle size of the powdered gum used.
The lower the temperature, the lower the rate at which viscosity increases, and the lower the final viscosity.

Above 80°, the final viscosity is slightly reduced.
Finer guar powders swell more rapidly than larger particle size coarse powdered gum.

Guar Gum E412 shows a clear low shear plateau on the flow curve and is strongly shear-thinning.
The rheology of Guar Gum E412 is typical for a random coil polymer.

Guar Gum E412 does not show the very high low shear plateau viscosities seen with more rigid polymer chains such as xanthan gum.
Guar Gum E412 is very thixotropic above 1% concentration, but below 0.3%, the thixotropy is slight.
Guar Gum E412 shows viscosity synergy with xanthan gum. Guar Gum E412 and micellar casein mixtures can be slightly thixotropic if a biphase system forms.

Guar Gum E412 may have some benefits
Guar Gum E412 is well known for its ability to thicken and stabilize food products, but it may also provide some health benefits.
Studies indicate that Guar Gum E412 could be beneficial for a few specific areas of health, including digestion, blood sugar and cholesterol levels, and weight maintenance.

Digestive health:
Because Guar Gum E412 is high in fiber, it may support the health of your digestive system.
One study found that Guar Gum E412 helped relieve constipation by speeding movement through the intestinal tract.
Partially hydrolyzed Guar Gum E412 consumption was also associated with improvements in stool texture and bowel movement frequency.

Additionally, Guar Gum E412 may act as a prebiotic by promoting the growth of good bacteria and reducing the growth of harmful bacteria in the gut.
Thanks to its potential ability to promote digestive health, it may also help treat irritable bowel syndrome.

One 6-week study following 68 people with IBS found that partially hydrolyzed Guar Gum E412 improved IBS symptoms.
Plus, in some individuals, it reduced bloating while increasing stool frequency.

Blood sugar:
Studies show that Guar Gum E412 may lower blood sugar.
This is because it’s a type of soluble fiber, which can slow the absorption of sugar and lead to a reduction in blood sugar levels.

In one study, people with diabetes were given Guar Gum E412 4 times per day for 6 weeks.
It found that Guar Gum E412 led to a significant decrease in blood sugar and a 20% drop in LDL (bad) cholesterol.
Another study observed similar findings, showing that consuming Guar Gum E412 significantly improved blood sugar control in 11 people with type 2 diabetes.

Blood cholesterol:
Soluble fibers such as Guar Gum E412 have been shown to have cholesterol-lowering effects.
Fiber binds to bile acids in your body, causing them to be excreted and reducing the number of bile acids in circulation.
This forces the liver to use cholesterol to produce more bile acids, leading to a decrease in cholesterol levels.

One study had 19 people with obesity and diabetes take a daily supplement containing 15 grams of Guar Gum E412.
They found that it led to lower levels of total blood cholesterol, as well as lower LDL cholesterol, compared to a placebo.
An animal study found similar results, showing that rats fed Guar Gum E412 had reduced blood cholesterol levels, in addition to increased levels of HDL (good) cholesterol.

Weight maintenance:
Some studies have found that Guar Gum E412 could aid weight loss and appetite control.
In general, fiber moves through the body undigested and may help promote satiety while reducing appetite.
In fact, one study showed that eating an additional 14 grams of fiber per day may lead to a 10% decrease in calories consumed.

Guar Gum E412 may be particularly effective at reducing appetite and calorie intake.
One review of three studies concluded that Guar Gum E412 improved satiety and reduced the number of calories consumed from snacking throughout the day.

Another study looked at the effects of Guar Gum E412 on weight loss in women.
They found that consuming 15 grams of Guar Gum E412 per day helped women lose 5.5 pounds (2.5 kg) more than those who took a placebo.

Advantages of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 possesses double the ability to thicken than flour and almost eight times that of the corn starch powder
Guar Gum E412s usage avoids the formation of any lump and does not break down easily like the corn starch.

Guar Gum E412 eliminates the need for heat to thicken and can get to hydrate itself very quickly
Experts suggest the appropriate ratio which works well with Guar Gum E412 manufacturers as an excess of it may form lumps in the whole recipe

Almost Seventy Percent of the food industry applications of the fast-paced industries use the Guar Gum E412 powder due to its varied and multiple benefits.
Guar Gum E412 is also expected to grow exponentially looking at the current demand scenario.

Guar Gum E412 is always wise to opt for a reputed Guar Gum E412 powder exporter as this miraculous powder offers health benefits like reduction of weight and easy bowel movement.
The Guar Gum E412 powder needs to be boiled in hot water and is beneficial for people who want a reduction of weight as it reduces the calories inside the human body.

Thickening:
One use of Guar Gum E412 is a thickening agent in foods and medicines for humans and animals.
Because Guar Gum E412 is gluten-free, it is used as an additive to replace wheat flour in baked goods.
Guar Gum E412 has been shown to reduce serum cholesterol and lower blood glucose levels.

Guar Gum E412 is also economical because it has almost eight times the water-thickening ability of other agents (e.g. cornstarch) and only a small quantity is needed for producing sufficient viscosity.
Because less is required, costs are reduced.

In addition to Guar Gum E412's effects on viscosity, its high ability to flow, or deform, gives it favorable rheological properties.
Guar Gum E412 forms breakable gels when cross-linked with boron.
Guar Gum E412 is used in various multi-phase formulations for hydraulic fracturing, in some as an emulsifier because it helps prevent oil droplets from coalescing, and in others as a stabilizer to help prevent solid particles from settling and/or separating.

Fracking entails the pumping of sand-laden fluids into an oil or natural gas reservoir at high pressure and flow rate.
This cracks the reservoir rock and then props the cracks open.
Water alone is too thin to be effective at carrying proppant sand, so Guar Gum E412 is one of the ingredients added to thicken the slurry mixture and improve its ability to carry proppant.

There are several properties which are important:
1. Thixotropic: the fluid should be thixotropic, meaning it should gel within a few hours.
2. Gelling and de-gelling: The desired viscosity changes over the course of a few hours.

When the fracking slurry is mixed, it needs to be thin enough to make it easier to pump.
Then as it flows down the pipe, the fluid needs to gel to support the proppant and flush it deep into the fractures.
After that process, the gel has to break down so that it is possible to recover the fracking fluid but leave the proppant behind.

This requires a chemical process which produces then breaks the gel cross-linking at a predictable rate.
Guar+boron+proprietary chemicals can accomplish both of these goals at once.

Ice crystal growth:
Guar Gum E412 retards ice crystal growth by slowing mass transfer across the solid/liquid interface.
Guar Gum E412 shows good stability during freeze-thaw cycles.

Thus, Guar Gum E412 is used in egg-free ice cream.
Guar Gum E412 has synergistic effects with locust bean gum and sodium alginate.
Guar Gum E412 may be synergistic with xanthan: together with xanthan gum, it produces a thicker product (0.5% Guar Gum E412 / 0.35% xanthan gum), which is used in applications such as soups, which do not require clear results.

Guar Gum E412 is a hydrocolloid, hence is useful for making thick pastes without forming a gel, and for keeping water bound in a sauce or emulsion.
Guar Gum E412 can be used for thickening cold and hot liquids, to make hot gels, light foams and as an emulsion stabilizer.

Guar Gum E412 can be used for cottage cheeses, curds, yoghurt, sauces, soups and frozen desserts.
Guar Gum E412 is also a good source of fiber with 80% soluble dietary fiber on a dry weight basis.

Guar Gum E412 is a gel-forming fiber from the seed of the guar plant (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba).
Guar Gum E412's used to thicken foods and is also used as a dietary supplement.

Guar Gum E412 helps normalize the moisture content of the stool, absorbing excess liquid in those with diarrhea, and softening the stool in those with constipation.
Guar Gum E412 also might help decrease the amount of cholesterol and sugar that is absorbed in the gut.

People use Guar Gum E412 for constipation, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), high cholesterol, and high blood pressure.
Guar Gum E412 is also used for obesity, diabetes, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these other uses.

Specifications of Guar Gum E412:
Appearance (Colour): Almost white to pale yellowish
Appearance (Form): Powder
Loss on drying: max. 13%
Ash: max. 2%

Guar Gum E412, also called guaran, is a galactomannan.
Guar Gum E412 is a polysaccharide composed of the sugars galactose and mannose.
The backbone is a linear chain of 1,4-linked mannose residues to which galactose residues are 1,6-linked at every second mannose, forming short side-branches.

In water, Guar Gum E412 is nonionic and hydrocolloidal.
Guar Gum E412 is not affected by ionic strength or pH, but will degrade at extremes pH and temperature (e.g. pH 3 at 50 C).
Guar Gum E412 remains stable in solution over pH range 5-7.

Strong acids cause hydrolysis and loss of viscosity, and alkalies in strong concentration also tend to reduce viscosity.
Guar Gum E412 is insoluble in most hydrocarbon solvents.

Guar Gum E412 retards ice crystal growth nonspecifically by slowing mass transfer across the solid/liquid interface.
Guar Gum E412 shows good stability during freeze-thaw cycles.

Test-Test Method-Test-Test method of Guar Gum E412:
Colour-TP/09-Acid-insoluble residue-TP/115
Viscosity-TP/10/04-Fat content-TP/18
Granulation (mesh)-TP/21-Ash content-TP/12
Moisture, pH-TP/1 and TP/29-Gum content-TP/03
Protein-TP/05-Heavy metals-TP/13
Insolubles Ash-TP/11-Filterability-TP/20A

Guar Gum E412 powder standards are:
HS-Code- 130 232 30
CAS No.- 9000-30-0
EEC No.- E 412
BT No.- 1302 3290
EINECS No. - 232-536-8
Imco Code- Harmless

The following foods often contain Guar Gum E412:
-ice cream
-yogurt
-salad dressing
-gluten-free baked goods
-gravies
-sauces
-kefir
-breakfast cereals
-vegetable juices
-pudding
-soup
-cheese

Manufacturing process of Guar Gum E412:
Depending upon the requirement of end product, various processing techniques are used.
The commercial production of Guar Gum E412 normally uses roasting, differential attrition, sieving, and polishing.

Food-grade Guar Gum E412 is manufactured in stages.
Guar split selection is important in this process.
The split is screened to clean it and then soaked to pre-hydrate it in a double-cone mixer.

The prehydrating stage is very important because it determines the rate of hydration of the final product.
The soaked splits, which have reasonably high moisture content, are passed through a flaker.

The flaked guar split is ground and then dried.
The powder is screened through rotary screens to deliver the required particle size.
Oversize particles are either recycled to main ultra fine or reground in a separate regrind plant, according to the viscosity requirement.

The soaked splits are difficult to grind.
Direct grinding of those generates more heat in the grinder, which is not desired in the process, as it reduces the hydration of the product.
Through the heating, grinding, and polishing process, the husk is separated from the endosperm halves and the refined guar split is obtained.

Through the further grinding process, the refined guar split is then treated and converted into powder.
The split manufacturing process yields husk and germ called “guar meal”, widely sold in the international market as cattle feed.

It is high in protein and contains oil and albuminoids, about 50% in germ and about 25% in husks.
The quality of the food-grade Guar Gum E412 powder is defined from its particle size, rate of hydration, and microbial content.

Manufacturers define different grades and qualities of Guar Gum E412 by the particle size, the viscosity generated with a given concentration, and the rate at which that viscosity develops.
Coarse-mesh Guar Gum E412s will typically, but not always, develop viscosity more slowly.

They may achieve a reasonably high viscosity, but will take longer to achieve.
On the other hand, they will disperse better than fine-mesh, all conditions being equal.

A finer mesh, such as a 200 mesh, requires more effort to dissolve.
Modified forms of Guar Gum E412 are available commercially, including enzyme-modified, cationic and hydropropyl guar.

Industrial applications of Guar Gum E412:
-Textile industry – sizing, finishing and printing
-Paper industry – improved sheet formation, folding and denser surface for printing
-Explosives industry – as waterproofing agent mixed with ammonium nitrate, nitroglycerin, etc.
-Pharmaceutical industry – as binder or as disintegrator in tablets; main ingredient in some bulk-forming laxatives
-Cosmetics and toiletries industries – thickener in toothpastes, conditioner in shampoos (usually in a chemically modified version)
-Hydraulic fracturing – Shale oil and gas extraction industries consumes about 90% of Guar Gum E412 produced from India and Pakistan.[17]
-Fracturing fluids normally consist of many additives that serve two main purposes, firstly to enhance fracture creation and proppant carrying capability and secondly to minimize formation damage. Viscosifiers, such as polymers and crosslinking agents, temperature stabilizers, pH control agents, and fluid loss control materials are among the additives that assist fracture creation. Formation damage is minimized by incorporating breakers, biocides, and surfactants. More appropriate gelling agents are linear polysaccharides, such as Guar Gum E412, cellulose, and their derivatives.

Guar Gum E412s are preferred as thickeners for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
Guar Gum E412 and its derivatives account for most of the gelled fracturing fluids.
Guar is more water-soluble than other gums, and it is also a better emulsifier, because it has more galactose branch points.

Guar Gum E412 shows high low-shear viscosity, but it is strongly shear-thinning.
Being non-ionic, Guar Gum E412 is not affected by ionic strength or pH but will degrade at low pH at moderate temperature (pH 3 at 50 °C).

Guar's derivatives demonstrate stability in high temperature and pH environments.
Guar use allows for achieving exceptionally high viscosities, which improves the ability of the fracturing liquid to transport proppant.

Guar hydrates fairly rapidly in cold water to give highly viscous pseudoplastic solutions of, generally, greater low-shear viscosity than other hydrocolloids.
The colloidal solids present in guar make fluids more efficient by creating less filter cake.
Proppant pack conductivity is maintained by utilizing a fluid that has excellent fluid loss control, such as the colloidal solids present in Guar Gum E412.

Guar has up to eight times the thickening power of starch.
Derivatization of Guar Gum E412 leads to subtle changes in properties, such as decreased hydrogen bonding, increased solubility in water-alcohol mixture, and improved electrolyte compatibility.
These changes in properties result in increased use in different fields, like textile printing, explosives, and oil-water fracturing applications.

Crosslinking Guar:
Guar molecules have a tendency to aggregate during the hydraulic fracturing process, mainly due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
These aggregates are detrimental to oil recovery because they clog the fractures, restricting the flow of oil.

Cross-linking guar polymer chains prevents aggregation by forming metal – hydroxyl complexes.
The first crosslinked guar gels were developed in the late ‘60s.

Several metal additives have been used for crosslinking, among them are chromium, aluminium, antimony, zirconium, and the more commonly used, boron.
Boron, in the form of B(OH)4, reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the polymer in a two step process to link two polymer strands together to form bis-diol complexes.

1:1 1,2 diol complex and a 1:1 1,3 diol complex, place the negatively charged borate ion onto the polymer chain as a pendant group.
Boric acid itself does not apparently complex to the polymer so that all bound boron is negatively charged.

The primary form of crosslinking may be due to ionic association between the anionic borate complex and adsorbed cations on the second polymer chain.
The development of cross-linked gels was a major advance in fracturing fluid technology.

Viscosity is enhanced by tying together the low molecular weight strands, effectively yielding higher molecular weight strands and a rigid structure.
Cross-linking agents are added to linear polysaccharide slurries to provide higher proppant transport performance, relative to linear gels.

Lower concentrations of guar gelling agents are needed when linear guar chains are cross-linked.
Guar Gum E412 has been determined that reduced guar concentrations provide better and more complete breaks in a fracture.
The breakdown of cross-linked guar gel after the fracturing process restores formation permeability and allows increased production flow of petroleum products.

-Mining
-Hydroseeding – formation of seed-bearing "guar tack".
-Medical institutions, especially nursing homes - used to thicken liquids and foods for patients with dysphagia
-Fire retardant industry – as a thickener in Phos-Chek
-Nanoparticles industry – to produce silver or gold nanoparticles, or develop innovative medicine delivery mechanisms for drugs in pharmaceutical industry.
-Slime (toy), based on Guar Gum E412 crosslinked with sodium tetraborate.

Food applications of Guar Gum E412:
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The largest market for Guar Gum E412 is in the food industry.
In the US, differing percentages are set for its allowable concentration in various food applications.

In Europe, Guar Gum E412 has EU food additive code E412.
Xanthan gum and Guar Gum E412 are the most frequently used gums in gluten-free recipes and gluten-free products.

Guar Gum E412 applications include:
In baked goods, Guar Gum E412 increases dough yield, gives greater resiliency, and improves texture and shelf life; in pastry fillings, it prevents "weeping" (syneresis) of the water in the filling, keeping the pastry crust crisp.
Guar Gum E412 is primarily used in hypoallergenic recipes that use different types of whole-grain flours.

Because the consistency of these flours allows the escape of gas released by leavening, Guar Gum E412 is needed to improve the thickness of these flours, allowing them to rise as a normal flour would.
In dairy products, Guar Gum E412 thickens milk, yogurt, kefir, and liquid cheese products, and helps maintain homogeneity and texture of ice creams and sherbets.
Guar Gum E412 is used for similar purposes in plant milks.

For meat, Guar Gum E412 functions as a binder.
In condiments, Guar Gum E412 improves the stability and appearance of salad dressings, barbecue sauces, relishes, ketchups and others.

In canned soup, Guar Gum E412 is used as a thickener and stabilizer.
Guar Gum E412 is also used in dry soups, instant oatmeal, sweet desserts, canned fish in sauce, frozen food items, and animal feed.

The FDA has banned Guar Gum E412 as a weight loss pill due to reports of the substance swelling and obstructing the intestines and esophagus.
For Cattle Feed, as Guar Gum E412 enhances in the production of more milk as well as more percentage of fat in the milk.

Nutritional and medicinal effects of Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412, as a water-soluble fiber, acts as a bulk-forming laxative.
Several studies have found it decreases cholesterol levels.
These decreases are thought to be a function of its high soluble fiber content.

Moreover, Guar Gum E412s low digestibility lends its use in recipes as a filler, which can help to provide satiety or slow the digestion of a meal, thus lowering the glycemic index of that meal.
In the late 1980s, Guar Gum E412 was used and heavily promoted in several weight-loss drugs.
The US Food and Drug Administration eventually recalled these due to reports of esophageal blockage from insufficient fluid intake, after one brand alone caused at least 10 users to be hospitalized, and a death.

For this reason, Guar Gum E412 is no longer approved for use in over-the-counter weight loss drugs in the United States, although this restriction does not apply to supplements.
Moreover, a meta-analysis found Guar Gum E412 supplements were not effective in reducing body weight.
Guar-based compounds, such as hydroxypropyl guar, have been in artificial tears to treat dry eye.

Allergies:
Some studies have found an allergic sensitivity to Guar Gum E412 developed in a few individuals working in an industrial environment where airborne concentrations of the substance were present.
In those affected by the inhalation of the airborne particles, common adverse reactions were occupational rhinitis and asthma.

Dioxin contamination:
In July 2007, the European Commission issued a health warning to its member states after high levels of dioxins were detected in a food additive – Guar Gum E412 – used as thickener in small quantities in meat, dairy, dessert or delicatessen products.
The source was traced to Guar Gum E412 from India that was contaminated with pentachlorophenol, a pesticide no longer in use.

Medicinal Properties of Guar Gum E412 Powder:
Guar Gum E412s healing properties are ideal to cure snakebites and boost the vision and power of the eyes
The inherent anti-bacterial properties can fight skin diseases like fungal infections and ringworms

If toddlers face the constipation problem along with fever and cold this remedial measure can be started immediately.
Guar Gum E412 also helps to manage teething issues in children.

Guar Gum E412 has potential health maintenance capacities and can fight against typhoid effectively
Find the Reputed Guar Gum E412 Powder Manufacturer and Guar Gum E412 Exporters who provide superior quality powdered gum at the most suitable prices

This gum has the property of getting dispersed into the water while hydrating and swelling quickly to form a viscous solution.
The viscosity depends on factors like temperature, pH value, agitation rate, size of the particle, and concentration.

Lower Temperatures mean lower viscosity and such tips are offered by reputable manufacturers.
They also suggest that above the temperature of 80 degrees the final viscosity gets slightly reduced.
While choosing the quality Guar Gum E412 is also essential to check for the finer gum powder as Guar Gum E412 swells up more rapidly than the coarsely powdered gum.

Assay Percent Range: 100% w/v
Packaging: Solid
Color: White-Yellow
Quantity: 100g
Chemical Name or Material: Guar Gum E412

Guar Gum E412 is extracted from the guar bean.
The guar seeds are de-husked, milled and screened to obtain the Guar Gum E412.

Guar Gum E412 is typically produced as a free flowing, pale, off-white colored, coarse to fine ground powder.
Guar Gum E412 is a member of a group of products known as starches, gums, and emulsifiers.

Guar Gum E412 is economical because Guar Gum E412 has almost 8 times the water-thickening potency of cornstarch - only a very small quantity is needed for producing sufficient thickening.
Thus Guar Gum E412 can be used to prevent oil droplets from separating out in salad dressing or to prevent solid particles from settling out.
Guar Gum E412 retards ice crystal growth in food like ice cream and sherbet.

Guar Gum E412 shows good stability during freeze-thaw cycles.
The largest market for Guar Gum E412 is in the food industry.
Guar Gum E412 is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) in the US .

PCP contains dioxins as contamination.
Dioxins damage the human immune system.

Is Guar Gum E412 Healthy or Unhealthy?
Guar Gum E412 is a food additive that’s found throughout the food supply.
Though Guar Gum E412 has been linked to multiple health benefits, it has also been associated with negative side effects and even banned for use in some products.
This article looks at the pros and cons of Guar Gum E412 to determine whether it’s bad for you.

What is Guar Gum E412?
Also known as guaran, Guar Gum E412 is made from legumes called guar beans.
Guar Gum E412’s a type of polysaccharide, or long chain of bonded carbohydrate molecules, and composed of two sugars called mannose and galactose.

Guar Gum E412 is frequently used as a food additive in many processed foods.
Guar Gum E412’s especially useful in food manufacturing because it’s soluble and able to absorb water, forming a gel that can thicken and bind products.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be generally recognized as safe for consumption in specified amounts in various food products.

The exact nutrient composition of Guar Gum E412 differs between producers.
Guar Gum E412 is generally low in calories and mainly composed of soluble fiber.
Guar Gum E412s protein content may range from 5–6% (3Trusted Source).

SUMMARY:
Guar Gum E412 is a food additive that is used to thicken and bind food products.
Guar Gum E412’s high in soluble fiber and low in calories.

Products that contain Guar Gum E412:
Guar Gum E412 is widely used throughout the food industry.

The following foods often contain Guar Gum E412:
ice cream
yogurt
salad dressing
gluten-free baked goods
gravies
sauces
kefir
breakfast cereals
vegetable juices
pudding
soup
cheese

Synonyms:
Regulatory process names:
Guar gum
Guar gum
guar gum

IUPAC names:
(2S,5'R)-7-chloro-3',4,6-trimethoxy-5'-methylspiro[1-benzofuran-2,4'-cyclohex-2-ene]-1',3-dione
Cyamopsis gum; Cyanopsis tetragonoloba
disodium;[[[5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-oxidophosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate
galactomannan polysaccharide
GUAR GUM
Guar Gum
Guar gum
Guar Hyroxypropyl Trimonium Chloride

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