SORBIC ACID (C6H8O2)

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2), or 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a natural organic compound used as a food preservative.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) has the chemical formula CH3(CH)4CO2H. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a colourless solid that is slightly soluble in water and sublimes readily. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) was first isolated from the unripe berries of the Sorbus aucuparia (rowan tree), hence its name.

CAS Number: 110-44-1
EC Number: 203-768-7
IUPAC Name: (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
Molecular Formula: C6H8O2

Other Names: Sorbic Acid, Panosorb, Sorbistat, Hexadienoic acid, 2-Propenylacrylic acid, trans,trans-Sorbic Acid, (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid, 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, 2E,4E-Hexadienoic acid, 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, (2E,4E)-, Hexa-2,4-dienoic acid, (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienoic acid, alpha-trans-gamma-trans-Sorbic Acid, Preservastat, (E,E)-Sorbic Acid, trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienoic acid, 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, (E,E)-, Crotylidene acetic acid, Kyselina sorbova, Acetic acid, crotylidene-, Acidum sorbicum, Acetic acid, (2-butenylidene)-, trans-trans-2,4-Hexadienoic acid, (E,E)-1,3-pentadiene-1-carboxylic acid, (2E,4E)-2,4-Hexadienoic acid, Hexadienoic acid, (E,E), (2-Butenylidene)acetic acid, 1,3-Pentadiene-1-carboxylic acid, 1,3-Pentadiene-1-carboxylic acid, (E,E)-, Kyselina 1,3-pentadien-1-karboxylova, (2-butenylidene) acetic acid, 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, (2E,4E)-, homopolymer, Hexadienic acid, Sorbic Acid , Kyselina sorbova , Sorbic Acid solution, (2E)-2,4-Hexadienoic acid, EINECS 203-768-7, Sorbic Acid, (E,E)-, sorbic-acid, E-Sorbic Acid, trans,trans-SA, Kyselina 1,3-pentadien-1-karboxylova , (E,E)-Sorbic Acid; Sorbic Acid, Sorbic Acid FCC, Hexa-2,4-dienoic acid, (E,E)-, 2,4-Hexadiensaeure, Crotylidene-Acetic acid, EC 203-768-7, (2-butenylidene)-Acetic acid, (E,E)-SA, (e,e)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid, (2E,4E)-2,4-Hexadienoic acid , 2, 4-Hexadienoic acid potassium salt, 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, (trans,trans)-, 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, .alpha.-trans-.gamma.-trans-Sorbic Acid, alpha-trans-Laquo gammaRaquo -trans-Sorbic Acid, Hexadienoic acid1,3-pentadiene-1-carboxylic acid

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)'s Production:
The traditional route to Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) involves condensation of malonic acid and trans-butenal.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can also be prepared from isomeric hexadienoic acids, which are available via a nickel-catalyzed reaction of allyl chloride, acetylene, and carbon monoxide. The route used commercially, however, is from crotonaldehyde and ketene.
An estimated 30,000 tons are produced annually.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) and its salts, such as sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, and calcium sorbate, are antimicrobial agents often used as preservatives in food and drinks to prevent the growth of mold, yeast, and fungi. 
In general the salts are preferred over the acid form because they are more soluble in water, but the active form is the acid. 
The optimal pH for the antimicrobial activity is below pH 6.5 
Sorbates are generally used at concentrations of 0.025% to 0.10%. 
Adding sorbate salts to food will, however, raise the pH of the food slightly so the pH may need to be adjusted to assure safety.

Some molds (notably some Trichoderma and Penicillium strains) and yeasts are able to detoxify sorbates by decarboxylation, producing trans-1,3-pentadiene. 
The pentadiene manifests as a typical odor of kerosene or petroleum. 

Other detoxification reactions include reduction to 4-hexenol and 4-hexenoic acid.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can also be used as an additive for cold rubber, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of some plasticizers and lubricants.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a naturally occurring compound that’s become the most commonly used food preservative in the world, and it makes the global food chain possible. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)’s highly effective at inhibiting the growth of mold, which can spoil food and spread fatal diseases

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is most commonly found in foods, animal feeds, pharmaceutical drugs, and cosmetics.
When it comes to human foods, Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is most commonly used in:
wines
cheeses
baked goods
fresh produce
refrigerated meat and shellfish

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is used to preserve meats because of its natural antibiotic capabilities.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)'s use saved countless lives by preventing bacterial growth while allowing meats to be transported and stored safely.

Because of its anti-fungal properties, Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is also used in: 
canned goods
including pickles
prunes
maraschino cherries
figs
prepared salads

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is used as a preservative in a wide variety of foods. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) retards the growth of yeast and moulds and is usually added to foods as a salt.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a natural preservative first isolated in 1859 from the berries of an ash tree. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is unsaturated fatty acid containing two carbon-carbon double bonds and both are in the trans configuration 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)s are used as preservatives in various meat products to retard the growth of yeasts and molds.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) inhibits the growth of C. botulinum and further reduces nitrosamine formation. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) and its salts have broad-spectrum activity against yeast and molds, but are less active against bacteria. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is mainly used in foods in the forms of calcium, sodium or potassium sorbates.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is the most common food preservative against molds, bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is favored for its organoleptic neutrality, safety, and efficacy in low moisture foods such as cheeses, and bakery.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a carboxylic acid that is slightly soluble in water and is available as a powder, granules, or microcapsules. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can be applied to foods using various methods:

Dipping and spraying finished products with solutions.
Dusting with powdered Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)
Mixing into formula dry ingredients
Treatment of packaging material

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)'s Functions:
Microbial inhibition by Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is variable and depends on species, strains, composition of food, pH, aw, processing, temperature, and concentration of sorbate. 
In baking, it is used in sliced and packaged bread, bagels and pita as well as in par-baked, baked goods and frozen doughs.

Optimal antimicrobial activity is at pH below 6.5 (maximum activity at pH 4.76), an advantage compared to benzoic and propionic acids which lose their activities at pH 4.5 – 5.5
Practical considerations when using this acid in baking:

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) has a water solubility of around 0.16g/100 ml which increases with temperature but is reduced in the presence of sugars.

This acid inhibits yeasts strains differently, as some strains are more tolerant to its effects than others.

Sodium sorbate, calcium sorbate, and potassium sorbates are more soluble in water than Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2). 
So, they are more commonly used in foods. However, they may raise the pH slightly, therefore some medium adjustments may be necessary.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) appears as white powder or crystals. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)'s Melting point 134.5°C. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is slightly acidic and astringent taste with a faint odor.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a hexadienoic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a medium-chain fatty acid and an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a conjugate acid of a sorbate.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a natural product found in Prunus domestica and Schisandra chinensis 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2), an unsaturated six-carbon fatty acid, is a naturally occurring preservative that is used less in food compared to its potassium salt – potassium sorbate (E202) due to the slight solubility in water. 
This ingredient can be used in low water content food such as baked goods, cheese, dried fruits, meat and fatty media.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is generally used to inhibit the growth of molds yeast and some bacteria. 
The European food additive number for it is E200. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can be naturally found in berries species, such as mountain ash, rowan and magnolia vine
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is commercially synthesized from the condensation between ketene and crotonaldehyde instead of extracted from berries.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can prevent the spoilage of yeast, mold, and some bacteria in food and therefore prolong food shelf life. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can be used to preserve foods with low water content and the following food may contain it:
cheese
dried fruit
yogurt
pet foods
dried meats
baked goods

Molecular Weight: 112.13
XLogP3: 1.3
Exact Mass: 112.052429494    
Monoisotopic Mass: 112.052429494

Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Ų
Color:  White
Form: Powder
Odor: Relatively odorless

Taste: Relatively tasteless
Boiling Point: 228 °C
Melting Point: 134.5 °C
Flash Point: 127 °C
Solubility: 0.02 M

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1    
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2    
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Heavy Atom Count: 8    
   
Complexity: 123
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 2
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) appears as white powder or crystals. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)'s Melting point 134.5°C. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is used as a preservative in a wide variety of foods. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) retards the growth of yeast and moulds and is usually added to foods as a salt.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can also be used as an additive for cold rubber, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of some plasticizers and lubricants.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2), or 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a natural organic compound used as a food preservative.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) has the chemical formula CH3(CH)4CO2H. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a colourless solid that is slightly soluble in water and sublimes readily. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) was first isolated from the unripe berries of the Sorbus aucuparia (rowan tree), hence its name.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a naturally occurring compound that’s become the most commonly used food preservative in the world, and it makes the global food chain possible. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)’s highly effective at inhibiting the growth of mold, which can spoil food and spread fatal diseases
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is most commonly found in foods, animal feeds, pharmaceutical drugs, and cosmetics.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a natural preservative first isolated in 1859 from the berries of an ash tree. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is unsaturated fatty acid containing two carbon-carbon double bonds and both are in the trans configuration 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2)s are used as preservatives in various meat products to retard the growth of yeasts and molds.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) inhibits the growth of C. botulinum and further reduces nitrosamine formation. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) and its salts have broad-spectrum activity against yeast and molds, but are less active against bacteria. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is mainly used in foods in the forms of calcium, sodium or potassium sorbates.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is the most common food preservative against molds, bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is favored for its organoleptic neutrality, safety, and efficacy in low moisture foods such as cheeses, and bakery.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a carboxylic acid that is slightly soluble in water and is available as a powder, granules, or microcapsules. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is slightly acidic and astringent taste with a faint odor.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring. 
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a hexadienoic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a medium-chain fatty acid and an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid. 

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a conjugate acid of a sorbate.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a natural product found in Prunus domestica and Schisandra chinensis.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a preservative for many foodstuffs.
Generally used as K salt or (less frequently) as Ca salt.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is an antimicrobial agent against a wide variety of microorganisms, especially yeasts and moulds.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a preservative action more efficient in acidic foods.
Typical usage levels 500-2000 ppm Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) belongs to the family of Unsaturated Fatty Acids.
These are fatty acids whose chain contains at least one CC double bond.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a naturally occurring compound that’s become the most commonly used food preservative in the world, and it makes the global food chain possible.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is highly effective at inhibiting the growth of mold, which can spoil food and spread fatal diseases.
For example, when Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is sprayed on the exterior of a country ham, there won’t be any mold growth for 30 days. This allows for food to be shipped and stored all over the globe.

Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is a preferred preservative compared to nitrates, which can form carcinogenic byproducts. Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is applied to food by either spraying or dipping the food with a solution of sorbic acid and water.

Food additives are components used in the final product to improve the sensory properties of foods such as color, taste, shelf life and consistency.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) is of natural and artificial nature and its use in foods is increasing day by day.
These substances, which we frequently see on the labels and have a long chemical name, are coded with the E code to make it easier, and the letter E comes from the first letter of the word Europe.
So, what is this common sorbic acid, which is found in almost all snacks and beverages?

Sorbic acid is abundant in nature in the rowan tree called Sorbus aucuparia L. and its fruits. In 1859 in London, the German chemist A.W.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) was obtained from the unripe fruits of the bird rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) tree, known in Anatolia by Hoffman.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2), whose ability to inhibit microbial growth was discovered in 1940, became widespread in a short time as a preservative.
 
Sorbates are applied to foodstuffs in different ways.
Sorbic Acid (C6H8O2) can be added directly into the food or applied by spraying on the surface, adding it in powder form, dipping the foodstuff into sorbate solutions prepared at certain concentrations or coating the packaging materials with sorbate.

Since its chemical structure is similar to fats, its metabolism by the body is also similar and its toxicity is low.
The following should not be forgotten; Any substance can be poison.
The factor that separates the poison from the drug is the amount consumed, so it is stated by the experts that if the daily consumption amount is not exceeded, it will not cause any problems

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